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Planetary Satellite Ephemerides

The following table lists JPL planetary ephemeris files. Files are available in SPK format for use with the NAIF Spice toolkit. Additional ephemeris file and files covering different time spans are available from the NAIF website. These ephemerides are used by Horizons to provide high-precision ephemerides for the planetary satellites.

id Planet Name Ref. Start Stop Download
4.1 Mars MAR097 11 1900-01-04 2100-01-04 mar097.bsp
5.1 Jupiter JUP365 26 1600-01-10 2200-01-10 jup365.bsp
5.2 Jupiter JUP344 24 1799-12-27 2200-01-05 jup344.bsp
5.3 Jupiter JUP346 37 1799-12-28 2199-12-19 jup346.bsp
6.1 Saturn SAT441 33 1749-12-30 2250-01-06 sat441l.bsp
6.2 Saturn SAT415 14 1990-06-14 2018-01-18 180927AP_RE_90165_18018.bsp
6.3 Saturn SAT454 39 1750-01-01 2149-12-23 sat454.bsp
7.1 Uranus URA111 10 1599-12-07 2600-01-13 ura111.bsp
7.2 Uranus URA115 15 1980-01-01 2060-01-01 ura115.bsp
7.3 Uranus URA117 40 1600-01-04 2399-12-17 ura117.bsp
8.1 Neptune NEP097 21 1800-01-01 2100-01-10 nep097.bsp
8.2 Neptune NEP105 41 1600-01-04 2400-01-02 nep105.bsp
8.3 Neptune NEP104 40 1600-01-04 2399-12-25 nep104.bsp
9.1 Pluto PLU060 6 1800-01-02 2199-12-30 plu060.bsp

References

  1. B. A. Archinal, C. H. Acton, M. F. A’Hearn, et~al. (2018) "Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2015". Celest.~Mech. 130:22.
  2. J. K. Campbell, J. D. Anderson (1989) "Gravity Field of the Saturnian System from Pioneer and Voyager Tracking Data". AJ 97:1485-1495.
  3. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson (2009) "The Orbits of the Outer Uranian Satellites". AJ 137:3834-3842.
  4. R. A. Jacobson (2009) "The Orbits of the Neptunian Satellites and the Orientation of the Pole of Neptune". AJ 137:4322-4329.
  5. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson, S. S. Sheppard (2011) "The Orbits of the Outer Neptunian Satellites". AJ 141:135.
  6. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson (2024) "Post-New Horizons orbits and masses for the satellites of Pluto". AJ in press:00.
  7. R. Jacobson, M. Brozović, B. Gladman, M. Alexandersen, P. D. Nicholson, Veillet (2012) "Irregular satellites of the outer planets: orbital uncertainties and astrometric recoveries in 2009--2011". AJ 144:132.
  8. R. A. Jacobson (2014) "Update of the irregular Uranian satellite orbits with data through 2013 — URA112". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  9. R. A. Jacobson (2014) "Update of Saturnian irregulars with Earthbased data through early 2014 and all Cassini imaging through 2013 — SAT368". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  10. R. A. Jacobson (2014) "The Orbits of the Uranian Satellites and Rings, the Gravity Field of the Uranian System, and the Orientation of the Pole of Uranus". AJ 148:76-88.
  11. R. A. Jacobson, V. Lainey (2014) "Martian Satellite Orbits and Ephemerides". Planet. Space Sci. 102:35-44.
  12. M. Brozović, M. R. Showalter, R. A. Jacobson, M. W. Buie (2015) "The orbits and masses of satellites of Pluto". Icarus 246:317-329.
  13. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson (2017) "The Orbits of Jupiter's Irregular Satellites". AJ 153:147.
  14. R. A. Jacobson (2018) "Rock ephemeris file from fit to all Cassini data — SAT415". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  15. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson (2019) "The Orbits of the inner satellites of Uranus: solution URA115". Interoffice Memo. 392R-19-007 (internal document).
  16. R. A. Jacobson, M. Brozovic, M. Showalter, A. Verbiscer, M. Buie, P. Helfenstein (2019) "The Orbits and Masses of Pluto's Satellites". In Pluto System After New Horizons 2133:7031.
  17. R. A. Jacobson (2019) "Ephemerides of the unnamed Saturnian irregulars including the 20 newly discovered ones — SAT428". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  18. R. A. Jacobson (2020) "Ephemerides for the final comprehensive Cassini reconstruction — SAT427". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  19. Marina Brozović, Mark R. Showalter, Robert A. Jacobson, Robert S. French, Jack J. Lissauer, Imke de Pater (2020) "Orbits and resonances of the regular moons of Neptune". Icarus 338:113462.
  20. R. A. Jacobson (2020) "The Orbits of the Regular Jovian Satellites, the Trajectories of Spacecraft at Jupiter, the Gravity Field of the Jovian System, and the Orientation of the Pole of Jupiter". Interoffice Memo. 392R-20-006 (internal document).
  21. M. Brozović (2020) "Update of the inner Neptunian satellite orbits — NEP097". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  22. M. Brozović (2024) "Update of the outer Uranian satellite orbits — URA117". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  23. M. Brozović (2024) "Update of the outer Neptunian satellite orbits — NEP103". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  24. M. Brozović (2021) "Outer jovians with astrometry up to Nov 2020 — JUP344". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  25. M. Brozović (2021) "Update of the inner Neptunian satellite orbits — NEP100". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  26. R. A. Jacobson (2021) "The Orbits of the Regular Jovian Satellites and the Orientation of the Pole of Jupiter". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  27. D. Durante, M. Parisi, D. Serra, M. Zannoni, V. Notaro, P. Racioppa, D. R. Buccino, G. Lari, L. Gomez Casajus, L. Iess, W. M. Folkner, G. Tommei, P. Tortora, S. J. Bolton (2020) "Jupiter's Gravity Field Halfway Through the Juno Mission". Geophys. Res. Lett. 47:e86572.
  28. M. Brozović (2021) "Update of Pluto's satellite orbits — PLU058". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  29. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson (2021) "Ephemeris update ura116 for the irregular satellites of Uranus". Interoffice Memo. 392R-21-009 (internal document).
  30. R. A. Jacobson (2021) "Ephemerides of the unnamed Saturnian irregulars including the newly discovered S/2019~S1 — SAT450". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  31. R. A. Jacobson (2021) "The Orbits of the Major Saturnian Satellites,the Trajectories of Spacecraft at Saturn, the Gravity Field of the Saturnian System, and the Orientation of Saturn's Pole". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF/Dragonfly.
  32. Marina Brozović, Robert A. Jacobson (2022) "Orbits of the irregular satellites of Uranus and Neptune". AJ 163:241.
  33. R. A. Jacobson (2022) "The Orbits of the Main Saturnian Satellites, the Saturnian System Gravity Field, and the Orientation of Saturn's Pole". AJ 164:199-217.
  34. R. A. Jacobson, M. Brozović, N. Mastrodemos, J. E. Riedel, S. S. Sheppard (2022) "Ephemerides of the Irregular Saturnian Satellites from Earth-based Astrometry and Cassini Imaging". AJ 164:240.
  35. R. A. Jacobson (2023) "Ephemerides of the Neptunian irregulars — NEP102". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  36. M. Brozovic (2023) "Ephemerides of the 12 new jovian irregulars — JUP345". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  37. M. Brozovic (2023) "Ephemerides of the 15 new jovian irregulars — JUP346". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  38. R. A. Jacobson (2023) "Update of the provisional irregular Saturnian satellite orbits with data through 2022 — SAT453". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  39. R. A. Jacobson (2024) "Update of the irregular Saturnian satellite orbits with data through 2023 — SAT454". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  40. Tholen Sheppard, Alexandersen M. (2024) "New Moons of Uranus and Neptune from Ultra-Deep Pencil Beam Surveys". AJ, pp. .
  41. R. A. Jacobson (2024) "Update of the orbit of the irregular Neptunian satellite Nereid with data through 2021 — NEP105". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.