Skip Navigation

Planetary Satellite Ephemerides

The following table lists the current JPL planetary satellite ephemeris used for each planetary satellite. These ephemerides are used by Horizons to provide high-precision ephemerides for the planetary satellites.

Satellites of
Planet Satellite Code Ephemeris Ref.
Mars Phobos 401 MAR097 11
Mars Deimos 402 MAR097 11
Jupiter Io 501 JUP365 26
Jupiter Europa 502 JUP365 26
Jupiter Ganymede 503 JUP365 26
Jupiter Callisto 504 JUP365 26
Jupiter Amalthea 505 JUP365 26
Jupiter Thebe 514 JUP365 26
Jupiter Adrastea 515 JUP365 26
Jupiter Metis 516 JUP365 26
Jupiter Himalia 506 JUP344 24
Jupiter Elara 507 JUP344 24
Jupiter Pasiphae 508 JUP344 24
Jupiter Sinope 509 JUP344 24
Jupiter Lysithea 510 JUP344 24
Jupiter Carme 511 JUP344 24
Jupiter Ananke 512 JUP344 24
Jupiter Leda 513 JUP344 24
Jupiter Callirrhoe 517 JUP344 24
Jupiter Themisto 518 JUP344 24
Jupiter Magaclite 519 JUP344 24
Jupiter Taygete 520 JUP344 24
Jupiter Chaldene 521 JUP344 24
Jupiter Harpalyke 522 JUP344 24
Jupiter Kalyke 523 JUP344 24
Jupiter Iocaste 524 JUP344 24
Jupiter Erinome 525 JUP344 24
Jupiter Isonoe 526 JUP344 24
Jupiter Praxidike 527 JUP344 24
Jupiter Autonoe 528 JUP344 24
Jupiter Thyone 529 JUP344 24
Jupiter Hermippe 530 JUP344 24
Jupiter Aitne 531 JUP344 24
Jupiter Eurydome 532 JUP344 24
Jupiter Euanthe 533 JUP344 24
Jupiter Euporie 534 JUP344 24
Jupiter Orthosie 535 JUP344 24
Jupiter Sponde 536 JUP344 24
Jupiter Kale 537 JUP344 24
Jupiter Pasithee 538 JUP344 24
Jupiter Hegemone 539 JUP344 24
Jupiter Mneme 540 JUP344 24
Jupiter Aoede 541 JUP344 24
Jupiter Thelxinoe 542 JUP344 24
Jupiter Arche 543 JUP344 24
Jupiter Kallichore 544 JUP344 24
Jupiter Helike 545 JUP344 24
Jupiter Carpo 546 JUP344 24
Jupiter Eukelade 547 JUP344 24
Jupiter Cyllene 548 JUP344 24
Jupiter Kore 549 JUP344 24
Jupiter Herse 550 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2010_J1 551 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2010_J2 552 JUP344 24
Jupiter Dia 553 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2016_J1 554 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2003_J18 555 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2011_J2 556 JUP344 24
Jupiter Eirene 557 JUP344 24
Jupiter Philophrosyne 558 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2017_J1 559 JUP344 24
Jupiter Eupheme 560 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2003_J19 561 JUP344 24
Jupiter Valetudo 562 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2017_J2 563 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2017_J3 564 JUP344 24
Jupiter Pandia 565 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2017_J5 566 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2017_J6 567 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2017_J7 568 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2017_J8 569 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2017_J9 570 JUP344 24
Jupiter Ersa 571 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2011_J1 572 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2003_J2 55501 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2003_J4 55502 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2003_J9 55503 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2003_J10 55504 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2003_J12 55505 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2003_J16 55506 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2003_J23 55507 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2003_J24 55508 JUP344 24
Jupiter S2011_J3 55509 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2018_J2 55510 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2018_J3 55511 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2021_J1 55512 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2021_J2 55513 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2021_J3 55514 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2021_J4 55515 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2021_J5 55516 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2021_J6 55517 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2016_J3 55518 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2016_J4 55519 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2018_J4 55520 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2022_J1 55521 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2022_J2 55522 JUP346 37
Jupiter S2022_J3 55523 JUP346 37
Saturn Mimas 601 SAT441 33
Saturn Enceladus 602 SAT441 33
Saturn Tethys 603 SAT441 33
Saturn Dione 604 SAT441 33
Saturn Rhea 605 SAT441 33
Saturn Titan 606 SAT441 33
Saturn Hyperion 607 SAT441 33
Saturn Iapetus 608 SAT441 33
Saturn Methone 632 SAT441 33
Saturn Helene 612 SAT441 33
Saturn Telesto 613 SAT441 33
Saturn Calypso 614 SAT441 33
Saturn Polydeuces 634 SAT441 33
Saturn Phoebe 609 SAT441 33
Saturn Janus 610 SAT415 14
Saturn Epimetheus 611 SAT415 14
Saturn Atlas 615 SAT415 14
Saturn Prometheus 616 SAT415 14
Saturn Pandora 617 SAT415 14
Saturn Pan 618 SAT415 14
Saturn Pallene 633 SAT415 14
Saturn Anthe 649 SAT415 14
Saturn Aegaeon 653 SAT415 14
Saturn Daphnis 635 SAT415 14
Saturn Ymir 619 SAT454 39
Saturn Paaliaq 620 SAT454 39
Saturn Tarvos 621 SAT454 39
Saturn Ijiraq 622 SAT454 39
Saturn Suttungr 623 SAT454 39
Saturn Kiviuq 624 SAT454 39
Saturn Mundilfari 625 SAT454 39
Saturn Albiorix 626 SAT454 39
Saturn Skadi 627 SAT454 39
Saturn Erriapus 628 SAT454 39
Saturn Siarnaq 629 SAT454 39
Saturn Thrymr 630 SAT454 39
Saturn Narvi 631 SAT454 39
Saturn Aegir 636 SAT454 39
Saturn Bebhionn 637 SAT454 39
Saturn Bergelmir 638 SAT454 39
Saturn Bestla 639 SAT454 39
Saturn Farbauti 640 SAT454 39
Saturn Fenrir 641 SAT454 39
Saturn Fornjot 642 SAT454 39
Saturn Hati 643 SAT454 39
Saturn Hyrrokkin 644 SAT454 39
Saturn Kari 645 SAT454 39
Saturn Loge 646 SAT454 39
Saturn Skoll 647 SAT454 39
Saturn Surtur 648 SAT454 39
Saturn Jarnsaxa 650 SAT454 39
Saturn Greip 651 SAT454 39
Saturn Tarqeq 652 SAT454 39
Saturn Gridr 654 SAT454 39
Saturn Angrboda 655 SAT454 39
Saturn Skrymir 656 SAT454 39
Saturn Gerd 657 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S26 658 SAT454 39
Saturn Eggther 659 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S29 660 SAT454 39
Saturn Beli 661 SAT454 39
Saturn Gunnlod 662 SAT454 39
Saturn Thiazzi 663 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S34 664 SAT454 39
Saturn Alvaldi 665 SAT454 39
Saturn Geirrod 666 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S31 65067 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S24 65070 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S28 65077 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S21 65079 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S36 65081 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S37 65082 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S39 65084 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S07 65085 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S12 65086 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S13 65087 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S17 65088 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S01 65089 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S03 65090 SAT454 39
Saturn S2007_S02 65091 SAT454 39
Saturn S2007_S03 65092 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S01 65093 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S02 65094 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S03 65095 SAT454 39
Saturn S2020_S01 65096 SAT454 39
Saturn S2020_S02 65097 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S40 65098 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S09 65100 SAT454 39
Saturn S2007_S05 65101 SAT454 39
Saturn S2020_S03 65102 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S04 65103 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S41 65104 SAT454 39
Saturn S2020_S04 65105 SAT454 39
Saturn S2020_S05 65106 SAT454 39
Saturn S2007_S06 65107 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S42 65108 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S10 65109 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S05 65110 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S43 65111 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S44 65112 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S45 65113 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S11 65114 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S12 65115 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S06 65116 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S13 65117 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S07 65118 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S08 65119 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S09 65120 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S46 65121 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S10 65122 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S47 65123 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S11 65124 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S14 65125 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S12 65126 SAT454 39
Saturn S2020_S06 65127 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S13 65128 SAT454 39
Saturn S2005_S04 65129 SAT454 39
Saturn S2007_S07 65130 SAT454 39
Saturn S2007_S08 65131 SAT454 39
Saturn S2020_S07 65132 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S14 65133 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S15 65134 SAT454 39
Saturn S2005_S05 65135 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S15 65136 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S16 65137 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S17 65138 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S48 65139 SAT454 39
Saturn S2020_S08 65140 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S49 65141 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S50 65142 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S18 65143 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S16 65144 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S17 65145 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S18 65146 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S19 65147 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S20 65148 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S19 65149 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S51 65150 SAT454 39
Saturn S2020_S09 65151 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S52 65152 SAT454 39
Saturn S2007_S09 65153 SAT454 39
Saturn S2004_S53 65154 SAT454 39
Saturn S2020_S10 65155 SAT454 39
Saturn S2019_S21 65156 SAT454 39
Saturn S2006_S20 65157 SAT454 39
Uranus Ariel 701 URA111 10
Uranus Umbriel 702 URA111 10
Uranus Titania 703 URA111 10
Uranus Oberon 704 URA111 10
Uranus Miranda 705 URA111 10
Uranus Cordelia 706 URA115 15
Uranus Ophelia 707 URA115 15
Uranus Bianca 708 URA115 15
Uranus Cressida 709 URA115 15
Uranus Desdemona 710 URA115 15
Uranus Juliet 711 URA115 15
Uranus Portia 712 URA115 15
Uranus Rosalind 713 URA115 15
Uranus Belinda 714 URA115 15
Uranus Puck 715 URA111 15
Uranus Perdita 725 URA115 15
Uranus Mab 726 URA115 15
Uranus Cupid 727 URA115 15
Uranus Caliban 716 URA117 40
Uranus Sycorax 717 URA117 40
Uranus Prospero 718 URA117 40
Uranus Setebos 719 URA117 40
Uranus Stephano 720 URA117 40
Uranus Trinculo 721 URA117 40
Uranus Ferdinand 722 URA117 40
Uranus Francisco 723 URA117 40
Uranus Margaret 724 URA117 40
Uranus S2023_U1 75051 URA117 40
Neptune Triton 801 NEP097 21
Neptune Naiad 803 NEP097 21
Neptune Thalassa 804 NEP097 21
Neptune Despina 805 NEP097 21
Neptune Galatea 806 NEP097 21
Neptune Larissa 807 NEP097 21
Neptune Proteus 808 NEP097 21
Neptune Hippocamp 814 NEP097 21
Neptune Nereid 802 NEP105 41
Neptune Halimede 809 NEP104 40
Neptune Psamathe 810 NEP104 40
Neptune Sao 811 NEP104 40
Neptune Laomedeia 812 NEP104 40
Neptune Neso 813 NEP104 40
Neptune S2002_N5 85051 NEP104 40
Neptune S2021_N1 85052 NEP104 40
Pluto Charon 901 PLU060 6
Pluto Nix 902 PLU060 6
Pluto Hydra 903 PLU060 6
Pluto Kerberos 904 PLU060 6
Pluto Styx 905 PLU060 6

References

  1. B. A. Archinal, C. H. Acton, M. F. A’Hearn, et~al. (2018) "Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2015". Celest.~Mech. 130:22.
  2. J. K. Campbell, J. D. Anderson (1989) "Gravity Field of the Saturnian System from Pioneer and Voyager Tracking Data". AJ 97:1485-1495.
  3. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson (2009) "The Orbits of the Outer Uranian Satellites". AJ 137:3834-3842.
  4. R. A. Jacobson (2009) "The Orbits of the Neptunian Satellites and the Orientation of the Pole of Neptune". AJ 137:4322-4329.
  5. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson, S. S. Sheppard (2011) "The Orbits of the Outer Neptunian Satellites". AJ 141:135.
  6. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson (2024) "Post-New Horizons orbits and masses for the satellites of Pluto". AJ in press:00.
  7. R. Jacobson, M. Brozović, B. Gladman, M. Alexandersen, P. D. Nicholson, Veillet (2012) "Irregular satellites of the outer planets: orbital uncertainties and astrometric recoveries in 2009--2011". AJ 144:132.
  8. R. A. Jacobson (2014) "Update of the irregular Uranian satellite orbits with data through 2013 — URA112". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  9. R. A. Jacobson (2014) "Update of Saturnian irregulars with Earthbased data through early 2014 and all Cassini imaging through 2013 — SAT368". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  10. R. A. Jacobson (2014) "The Orbits of the Uranian Satellites and Rings, the Gravity Field of the Uranian System, and the Orientation of the Pole of Uranus". AJ 148:76-88.
  11. R. A. Jacobson, V. Lainey (2014) "Martian Satellite Orbits and Ephemerides". Planet. Space Sci. 102:35-44.
  12. M. Brozović, M. R. Showalter, R. A. Jacobson, M. W. Buie (2015) "The orbits and masses of satellites of Pluto". Icarus 246:317-329.
  13. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson (2017) "The Orbits of Jupiter's Irregular Satellites". AJ 153:147.
  14. R. A. Jacobson (2018) "Rock ephemeris file from fit to all Cassini data — SAT415". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  15. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson (2019) "The Orbits of the inner satellites of Uranus: solution URA115". Interoffice Memo. 392R-19-007 (internal document).
  16. R. A. Jacobson, M. Brozovic, M. Showalter, A. Verbiscer, M. Buie, P. Helfenstein (2019) "The Orbits and Masses of Pluto's Satellites". In Pluto System After New Horizons 2133:7031.
  17. R. A. Jacobson (2019) "Ephemerides of the unnamed Saturnian irregulars including the 20 newly discovered ones — SAT428". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  18. R. A. Jacobson (2020) "Ephemerides for the final comprehensive Cassini reconstruction — SAT427". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  19. Marina Brozović, Mark R. Showalter, Robert A. Jacobson, Robert S. French, Jack J. Lissauer, Imke de Pater (2020) "Orbits and resonances of the regular moons of Neptune". Icarus 338:113462.
  20. R. A. Jacobson (2020) "The Orbits of the Regular Jovian Satellites, the Trajectories of Spacecraft at Jupiter, the Gravity Field of the Jovian System, and the Orientation of the Pole of Jupiter". Interoffice Memo. 392R-20-006 (internal document).
  21. M. Brozović (2020) "Update of the inner Neptunian satellite orbits — NEP097". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  22. M. Brozović (2024) "Update of the outer Uranian satellite orbits — URA117". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  23. M. Brozović (2024) "Update of the outer Neptunian satellite orbits — NEP103". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  24. M. Brozović (2021) "Outer jovians with astrometry up to Nov 2020 — JUP344". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  25. M. Brozović (2021) "Update of the inner Neptunian satellite orbits — NEP100". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  26. R. A. Jacobson (2021) "The Orbits of the Regular Jovian Satellites and the Orientation of the Pole of Jupiter". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  27. D. Durante, M. Parisi, D. Serra, M. Zannoni, V. Notaro, P. Racioppa, D. R. Buccino, G. Lari, L. Gomez Casajus, L. Iess, W. M. Folkner, G. Tommei, P. Tortora, S. J. Bolton (2020) "Jupiter's Gravity Field Halfway Through the Juno Mission". Geophys. Res. Lett. 47:e86572.
  28. M. Brozović (2021) "Update of Pluto's satellite orbits — PLU058". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  29. M. Brozović, R. A. Jacobson (2021) "Ephemeris update ura116 for the irregular satellites of Uranus". Interoffice Memo. 392R-21-009 (internal document).
  30. R. A. Jacobson (2021) "Ephemerides of the unnamed Saturnian irregulars including the newly discovered S/2019~S1 — SAT450". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  31. R. A. Jacobson (2021) "The Orbits of the Major Saturnian Satellites,the Trajectories of Spacecraft at Saturn, the Gravity Field of the Saturnian System, and the Orientation of Saturn's Pole". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF/Dragonfly.
  32. Marina Brozović, Robert A. Jacobson (2022) "Orbits of the irregular satellites of Uranus and Neptune". AJ 163:241.
  33. R. A. Jacobson (2022) "The Orbits of the Main Saturnian Satellites, the Saturnian System Gravity Field, and the Orientation of Saturn's Pole". AJ 164:199-217.
  34. R. A. Jacobson, M. Brozović, N. Mastrodemos, J. E. Riedel, S. S. Sheppard (2022) "Ephemerides of the Irregular Saturnian Satellites from Earth-based Astrometry and Cassini Imaging". AJ 164:240.
  35. R. A. Jacobson (2023) "Ephemerides of the Neptunian irregulars — NEP102". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  36. M. Brozovic (2023) "Ephemerides of the 12 new jovian irregulars — JUP345". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  37. M. Brozovic (2023) "Ephemerides of the 15 new jovian irregulars — JUP346". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  38. R. A. Jacobson (2023) "Update of the provisional irregular Saturnian satellite orbits with data through 2022 — SAT453". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  39. R. A. Jacobson (2024) "Update of the irregular Saturnian satellite orbits with data through 2023 — SAT454". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.
  40. Tholen Sheppard, Alexandersen M. (2024) "New Moons of Uranus and Neptune from Ultra-Deep Pencil Beam Surveys". AJ, pp. .
  41. R. A. Jacobson (2024) "Update of the orbit of the irregular Neptunian satellite Nereid with data through 2021 — NEP105". personal communication to Horizons/NAIF.