+ View the NASA Portal + Center for Near-Earth Object Studies JPL Small-Body Database Browser Search: [ help ]   21P/Giacobini-Zinner Classification: Jupiter-family Comet [NEO]          SPK-ID: 1000032 [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] [ show orbit diagram ] alternate orbits: [epoch=2017-Nov-06.0] K182/14 (default) [epoch=2013-Jul-25.0] K123/6 [epoch=2006-Mar-09.0] K054/18 [epoch=1998-Nov-03.0] SAO/1998 [epoch=1992-Apr-08.0] SAO/1992 [epoch=1985-Sep-12.0] SAO/1985 [epoch=1979-Feb-16.0] SAO/1979 [epoch=1972-Jul-22.0] SAO/1972 [epoch=1966-Mar-16.0] SAO/1966 [epoch=1959-Nov-08.0] SAO/1959 [epoch=1946-Sep-17.0] SAO/1946 [epoch=1940-Feb-21.0] SAO/1940 [epoch=1933-Jul-27.0] SAO/1933 [epoch=1926-Dec-31.0] SAO/1926 [epoch=1913-Nov-09.0] SAO/1913 [epoch=1900-Dec-07.0] SAO/1900 Orbital Elements at Epoch 2458063.5 (2017-Nov-06.0) TDB Reference: JPL K182/14 (heliocentric ecliptic J2000)  Element Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)   Units  e .7104667848114644 1.1035e-07   a 3.500440355594361 1.4936e-07 au q 1.013493750730936 3.8212e-07 au i 32.00303376160798 7.8449e-06 deg node 195.4051449504903 2.4242e-05 deg peri 172.8091596458073 3.856e-05 deg M 313.6078040371743 4.9611e-06 deg tp 2458371.765469259133 (2018-Sep-10.26546926) 3.1757e-05 TDB period 2392.117178980126 6.55 0.00015311 4.192e-07 d yr n .1504942998459153 9.6324e-09 deg/d Q 5.987386960457786 2.5548e-07 au Additional Model Parameters  Parameter Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)  A1 [EST] 3.112315962436393E-9 7.205E-11 A2 [EST] -1.846484272530308E-9 4.37E-11 A3 [EST] -1.813721411728888E-9 4.229E-11   Orbit Determination Parameters    # obs. used (total)      1987      data-arc span      3196 days (8.75 yr)      first obs. used      2011-05-01      last obs. used      2020-01-30      planetary ephem.      DE431      SB-pert. ephem.      SB431-N16      condition code      0      norm. resid. RMS      .50573      source      ORB      producer      Shantanu Naidu      solution date      2021-Mar-23 23:52:51   Additional Information  Earth MOID = .0178922 au   Jupiter MOID = .248335 au   T_jup = 2.465  [ show covariance matrix ] [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] Physical Parameter Table Parameter Symbol Value Units Sigma Reference Notes comet total magnitude M1 13.1   0.9 K182/14 2 parameter fit from 1428 observations, autocmod 2.9b comet total magnitude slope K1 8.5   n/a K182/14 autocmod 2.9b diameter diameter 2.0 km n/a Lamy,P.L.,Toth,I.,Fernandez,Y.R.,Weaver,H.A. (2004) Comets II, pp. 223-264   21P/Giacobini-Zinner          Discovered 1900-Dec-20 by Giacobini, M. at Nice Observatory, France Reference: comet.dis Last Updated: 2003-08-29 [ hide close-approach data ] Close-Approach Data   ...sorted by Date/Time (TDB) Date/Time (TDB) Time Uncertainty (days_HH:MM) Body Nominal Distance (au) Minimum Distance (au) Maximum Distance (au) V-relative (km/s) V-infinity (km/s) JD (TDB) Time Uncertainty (minutes) Semi-major axis (km) Semi-minor axis (km) range-LOV angle (deg) N-sigma BP Orbit Ref. Reference Modified 1910-Feb-12 03:00 04:54 Jupiter 0.981818366862 0.981155909877821 0.98248358322494 7.92803229722679 7.81845766089155 2418714.624980845 293.805826526849 89242.1536845759 2422.92545454878 68.2614230249218 64135.5646811107 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 1913-Nov-01 19:41 04:06 Earth 0.309368578357015 0.306526067520682 0.312217461756526 24.319204809739 24.3188506575365 2420073.319965754 246.306921348296 158242.846836866 2746.97618591565 26.2703286099633 7123.67850346278 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 1946-Sep-11 12:38 15:01 Earth 0.356431591677977 0.349400998745663 0.363507274563106 22.2629419755439 22.2626061939491 2432075.026724108 900.653420902458 404557.062611244 254.612051748431 -29.6083383542766 88943.4709963073 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 1958-Jan-18 08:51 03:57 Jupiter 0.959129177188662 0.955435941045258 0.962823857190525 10.5231678283515 10.4389093654671 2436221.868416894 237.4375761843 193393.155142955 1935.19939382808 -18.4323927370439 19567.1857978494 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 1959-Nov-01 12:56 19:19 Earth 0.264692585777014 0.254629373506389 0.274875780782035 24.0476606618476 24.0472420596296 2436874.038754197 1158.90453099642 577761.072615102 153.947969530538 29.0830797152725 123367.8244065 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 1969-Sep-26 14:27 09:04 Jupiter 0.56694706093152 0.565601373284285 0.568299626948561 7.9081539047192 7.71692201964091 2440491.102376885 543.971831467538 120278.882943139 80.4194539968668 55.8606803876715 562728.673356005 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 1981-Jan-25 23:15 01:50 Jupiter 1.60107186910506 1.59977860473701 1.60236736580766 9.88447824700662 9.83081079518233 2444630.468687490 110.341554441368 114475.087003453 1058.35095740035 55.9270277344546 167313.975326655 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 1985-Sep-03 13:00 08:23 Earth 0.497056441011506 0.492437798849082 0.501683702981803 24.303677208793 24.3034566437753 2446312.041912888 502.885015776577 252581.161672227 77.4375905851682 -24.1201414552029 393077.42040615 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2017-Feb-17 13:50 00:01 Jupiter 1.85641889370095 1.85641096542656 1.85642682197946 12.7943455614398 12.7586341166188 2457802.076437181 1.05558089377269 420.735610705032 106.753673943273 21.0510607065138 775444.569099684 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2018-Sep-10 14:13 < 00:01 Earth 0.391808982044377 0.391808269634216 0.391809694454538 23.0151789245943 23.0148834457435 2458372.092592612 0.129416161611065 35.5400184872905 27.3224835790696 2.61715176135619 1597513.79417964 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2029-Feb-14 06:00 00:34 Jupiter 0.363129034025775 0.362845887124118 0.363412308633352 8.17869839899116 7.88834425435483 2462181.750019286 33.6393867869558 17865.4613800809 309.937259163666 37.5535369112062 112619.092687624 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2040-Apr-15 14:10 00:59 Jupiter 1.81757786441287 1.8170085774331 1.81814734637571 10.2544186736804 10.2088720223939 2466260.090345163 59.1782774682909 41132.3147437793 697.358549400766 46.6922998906929 265583.584583896 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2058-Sep-12 23:25 09:59 Earth 0.467905386816259 0.460785797841273 0.475041186083714 22.0749268713817 22.0746689082886 2472984.475755751 599.219176877868 381039.416495765 58.3221846358391 -21.1246771817198 402065.541843661 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2076-Aug-11 05:19 02:50 Jupiter 0.23892689857264 0.238860842398071 0.239047095704921 8.71330194550252 8.29646958807878 2479526.721675242 170.063854075592 200094.890248878 1532.89500868544 -88.9989742356403 24578.1889698251 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2078-Oct-28 10:39 21:10 Earth 0.2557046864934 0.24202938522376 0.269707833260386 22.449178875416 22.4487147047421 2480334.943472746 1269.89547076763 827511.982190189 1903.65444440988 33.4381941881624 10531.436594033 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2087-Aug-11 02:25 2_03:15 Jupiter 1.18494309920342 1.1696287938846 1.20079383184442 8.65641521225434 8.57344048866458 2483543.600574572 3074.76970434402 1483193.93517505 1404.38877653093 58.6760020024526 105616.362125023 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2124-Jan-11 05:42 4_12:02 Jupiter 0.818168858172464 0.72825056054894 0.911307252367427 10.0535983555087 9.95009083443677 2496844.737310513 6481.53369593649 5239779.42005274 3395.15956420931 -29.6781639892255 15646.2202340656 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2135-May-22 05:23 6_13:29 Jupiter 0.801137017834581 0.799134011296838 0.80425686447213 7.69751764997327 7.55891705436609 2500993.724188615 9448.54669995865 1511117.18246302 1419.88366503352 85.2736142009481 93704.5972847087 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 2183-Apr-27 18:59 2_12:10 Jupiter 0.423564218518642 0.364219509731699 0.509870082791759 8.91758754829108 8.69044692889328 2518501.291271837 3609.89467397591 6539913.10960817 4569.37713308622 -55.3729529300049 11327.2531794397 T K182/14 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2021-Mar-24 00:02:01 2021-Mar-24 00:02 Alternate Designations  Perihelion  Year (est.)  New-Style  Desig Roman  Numeral  Year/  Letter   1992.5       1992 IX   1991m   1985.9       1985 XIII   1984e   1979.4       1979 III   1978h   1972.8       1972 VI   1972d   1966.3       1966 I   1965g   1959.7       1959 VIII   1959b   1946.6       1946 V   1946c   1940.1       1940 I   1939l   1933.5       1933 III   1933c   1927.0       1926 VI   1926e   1913.9   21P/1913 U1   1913 V   1913e   1900.8   21P/1900 Y1   1900 III   1900c  [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] 2021-Apr-22 14:42 UT (server date/time)   Site Manager:   Ryan S. 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