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JPL Small-Body Database Browser
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21P/Giacobini-Zinner
Classification: Jupiter-family Comet [NEO]          SPK-ID: 1000032
[ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ]

[ show orbit diagram ]
:
Orbital Elements at Epoch 2458339.5 (2018-Aug-09.0) TDB
Reference: JPL K182/10 (heliocentric ecliptic J2000)
 Element Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)   Units 
e .7104635508963024 5.817e-07  
a 3.498093382740213 7.3015e-06 au
q 1.012825536671743 1.1427e-07 au
i 31.99782625732268 8.3251e-06 deg
node 195.3919874642221 1.6469e-05 deg
peri 172.8605532582592 2.9575e-05 deg
M 355.1375239233932 1.7468e-05 deg
tp 2458371.777545507917
(2018-Sep-10.27754551)		 1.9713e-05 TDB
period 2389.711784650855
6.54		 0.007482
2.048e-05		 d
yr
n .1506457817684475 4.7166e-07 deg/d
Q 5.983361228808683 1.2489e-05 au

Additional Model Parameters
 Parameter Value Uncertainty (1-sigma) 
A1 [EST] 4.521477115232857E-9 1.137E-10
A2 [EST] -4.467487858539592E-10 8.907E-11
A3 [EST] -3.130227413896412E-9 6.654E-11
   Orbit Determination Parameters
   # obs. used (total)      3833  
   data-arc span      2334 days (6.39 yr)  
   first obs. used      2012-11-19  
   last obs. used      2019-04-11  
   planetary ephem.      DE431  
   SB-pert. ephem.      SB431-N16  
   condition code      2  
   norm. resid. RMS      .67389  
   source      ORB  
   producer      Shantanu Naidu  
   solution date      2019-May-15 16:29:39  

Additional Information
 Earth MOID = .0163525 au 
 Jupiter MOID = .24681 au 
 T_jup = 2.466 
[ show covariance matrix ]

[ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ]

Physical Parameter Table
Parameter Symbol Value Units Sigma Reference Notes
comet total magnitude M1 13.1   0.9 K182/10 2 parameter fit from 1367 observations, autocmod 2.6q
comet total magnitude slope K1 9.   n/a K182/10 autocmod 2.6q
diameter diameter 2.0 km n/a Lamy,P.L.,Toth,I.,Fernandez,Y.R.,Weaver,H.A. (2004) Comets II, pp. 223-264  

21P/Giacobini-Zinner          Discovered 1900-Dec-20 by Giacobini, M. at Nice Observatory, France
Reference: comet.disLast Updated: 2003-08-29

[ hide close-approach data ]
Close-Approach Data   ...sorted by Date/Time (TDB)
Date/Time (TDB) Time Uncertainty
(days_HH:MM)		 Body Nominal Distance (au) Minimum Distance (au) Maximum Distance (au) V-relative (km/s) V-infinity (km/s) JD (TDB) Time Uncertainty (minutes) Semi-major axis (km) Semi-minor axis (km) range-LOV angle (deg) N-sigma BP Orbit Ref. Reference Modified
1910-Feb-09 21:44 08:22 Jupiter 0.989245224302687 0.987864405482258 0.9906344876637 7.92619233042978 7.81742046206603 2418712.405245920 501.921723694495 160958.758473753 4097.3018818881 64.5728797134136 37350.9005965895 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
1913-Nov-03 17:28 03:09 Earth 0.34163223267325 0.338805674222402 0.344468247380039 24.829839406841 24.8295252964134 2420075.227757792 188.771987961552 167348.215601233 9807.60256367852 32.5334623534316 2674.84358988955 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
1946-Sep-18 07:21 1_06:02 Earth 0.278735187899691 0.264300725256883 0.29341569997994 21.2650449120109 21.2645953818406 2432081.806543562 1801.76733934072 835191.063188318 560.129487165336 -29.5938228758931 33037.2292309948 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
1958-Jan-20 01:34 07:17 Jupiter 0.919909283727939 0.912109267761707 0.927715541643058 10.4216276520841 10.3328983368441 2436223.565210294 437.356237242365 407187.651904698 3391.80127132754 -17.8705142857525 10447.6227970039 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
1959-Nov-09 21:02 1_13:52 Earth 0.373292184604705 0.352169225499913 0.394693295855206 25.982040918679 25.9817661972778 2436882.376053869 2271.8968963651 1175744.31384715 296.184471009817 25.5643352890705 79540.1652149561 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
1969-Sep-22 15:30 19:16 Jupiter 0.580895187393296 0.578098521459082 0.58372228625164 7.89237194833771 7.70540516246536 2440487.146035211 1156.21869002506 254368.145141363 254.316217366061 56.4309040773805 250696.350241512 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
1981-Jan-26 18:38 03:40 Jupiter 1.61452061340846 1.61172717625633 1.6173234791515 9.93127508677867 9.87830800808891 2444631.276230304 219.841063372242 239857.241358153 1792.03095490057 54.676540273378 99064.1733305983 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
1985-Sep-07 02:34 17:12 Earth 0.449615045939414 0.440048076386139 0.45922888666395 23.5165672305748 23.5163152309347 2446315.607186949 1032.46600343954 530201.135611815 147.088419964833 -25.5740001204637 198521.123568547 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
2017-Feb-17 14:04 < 00:01 Jupiter 1.85647135425716 1.85646444576476 1.85647826275103 12.7946186156029 12.7589089455767 2457802.085912196 0.886811288002788 356.701484149077 154.297189358398 17.126522908351 679976.027872529 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
2018-Sep-10 14:12 < 00:01 Earth 0.391818427055571 0.39181778028586 0.391819073825371 23.0154355397624 23.0151400713288 2458372.091840550 0.0548720484555954 33.8630891796916 13.0815359296818 19.2998430216278 1966436.92892766 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
2029-Feb-13 23:35 01:02 Jupiter 0.366330137996798 0.365775384638276 0.366885328822428 8.17406240672622 7.88612256728094 2462181.482721359 62.206480455298 34342.4803393545 434.461339676667 36.0839869935577 78015.3457179399 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
2040-Apr-16 01:35 02:04 Jupiter 1.82396608702794 1.82291382241223 1.82501907603047 10.2789014040648 10.2336232121198 2466260.566079565 123.515473196407 77824.9283187363 1121.895625404 47.9288692137327 167745.71212844 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
2058-Sep-17 10:32 19:32 Earth 0.390332710694518 0.376031163984414 0.404732382327414 21.0775911069167 21.077267245083 2472988.939164855 1171.53460494377 779321.067641708 67.0026796280721 -23.3134734645271 399368.559372763 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
2076-Aug-09 21:03 06:00 Jupiter 0.240838941904428 0.240014256160213 0.24190482513233 8.65722750564976 8.24097414599834 2479525.377028769 359.879314725652 393296.669008336 2586.16371924682 82.9028182744103 14627.0438731116 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
2078-Nov-06 14:19 1_16:05 Earth 0.427009197895707 0.391293800455897 0.463378661754022 25.4331272155889 25.4328818704498 2480344.096331023 2404.60527800415 1981166.22154854 3321.48903828126 24.7864096686415 7530.23980218344 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32
2087-Jul-25 18:42 1_17:53 Jupiter 1.37452211830691 1.33686024157989 1.4139366717662 9.20960107209968 9.14244446604419 2483527.279423877 2513.07310115606 3119200.64442434 2258.97693964592 52.2341662511641 67372.4474833522 T K182/10 CATAB v2.0e-lin.ifort 2019-May-15 16:32:04 2019-May-15 16:32

Alternate Designations
 Perihelion 
Year (est.)		  New-Style 
Desig		 Roman
 Numeral 		 Year/
 Letter 
 1992.5       1992 IX   1991m 
 1986.0       1985 XIII   1984e 
 1979.4       1979 III   1978h 
 1972.9       1972 VI   1972d 
 1966.3       1966 I   1965g 
 1959.8       1959 VIII   1959b 
 1946.7       1946 V   1946c 
 1940.2       1940 I   1939l 
 1933.6       1933 III   1933c 
 1927.1       1926 VI   1926e 
 1914.0   21P/1913 U1   1913 V   1913e 
 1900.9   21P/1900 Y1   1900 III   1900c 
[ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ]
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