+ View the NASA Portal + Center for Near-Earth Object Studies JPL Small-Body Database Browser Search: [ help ]   21P/Giacobini-Zinner Classification: Jupiter-family Comet [NEO]          SPK-ID: 1000032 [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] [ show orbit diagram ] alternate orbits: [epoch=2017-Nov-05.0] K182/13 (default) [epoch=2013-Jul-25.0] K123/6 [epoch=2006-Mar-09.0] K054/18 [epoch=1998-Nov-03.0] SAO/1998 [epoch=1992-Apr-08.0] SAO/1992 [epoch=1985-Sep-12.0] SAO/1985 [epoch=1979-Feb-16.0] SAO/1979 [epoch=1972-Jul-22.0] SAO/1972 [epoch=1966-Mar-16.0] SAO/1966 [epoch=1959-Nov-08.0] SAO/1959 [epoch=1946-Sep-17.0] SAO/1946 [epoch=1940-Feb-21.0] SAO/1940 [epoch=1933-Jul-27.0] SAO/1933 [epoch=1926-Dec-31.0] SAO/1926 [epoch=1913-Nov-09.0] SAO/1913 [epoch=1900-Dec-07.0] SAO/1900 Orbital Elements at Epoch 2458062.5 (2017-Nov-05.0) TDB Reference: JPL K182/13 (heliocentric ecliptic J2000)  Element Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)   Units  e .7104663125616585 1.1043e-07   a 3.500460435587224 1.4938e-07 au q 1.013501217647592 3.8241e-07 au i 32.00310320419106 7.8509e-06 deg node 195.4052529144569 2.4253e-05 deg peri 172.8087008849619 3.8584e-05 deg M 313.4577161575798 4.9651e-06 deg tp 2458371.765429785152 (2018-Sep-10.26542979) 3.176e-05 TDB period 2392.137762289604 6.55 0.00015312 4.192e-07 d yr n .1504930049076398 9.633e-09 deg/d Q 5.987419653526856 2.555e-07 au Additional Model Parameters  Parameter Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)  A1 [EST] 3.107394081007322E-9 7.213E-11 A2 [EST] -1.848644841277313E-9 4.372E-11 A3 [EST] -1.815642064993985E-9 4.233E-11   Orbit Determination Parameters    # obs. used (total)      1983      data-arc span      3196 days (8.75 yr)      first obs. used      2011-05-01      last obs. used      2020-01-30      planetary ephem.      DE431      SB-pert. ephem.      SB431-N16      condition code      0      norm. resid. RMS      .50499      source      ORB      producer      Shantanu Naidu      solution date      2020-Feb-13 15:15:03   Additional Information  Earth MOID = .0178602 au   Jupiter MOID = .248342 au   T_jup = 2.465  [ show covariance matrix ] [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] Physical Parameter Table Parameter Symbol Value Units Sigma Reference Notes comet total magnitude M1 13.1   0.9 K182/13 2 parameter fit from 1424 observations, autocmod 2.8 comet total magnitude slope K1 8.5   n/a K182/13 autocmod 2.8 diameter diameter 2.0 km n/a Lamy,P.L.,Toth,I.,Fernandez,Y.R.,Weaver,H.A. (2004) Comets II, pp. 223-264   21P/Giacobini-Zinner          Discovered 1900-Dec-20 by Giacobini, M. at Nice Observatory, France Reference: comet.dis Last Updated: 2003-08-29 [ hide close-approach data ] Close-Approach Data   ...sorted by Date/Time (TDB) Date/Time (TDB) Time Uncertainty (days_HH:MM) Body Nominal Distance (au) Minimum Distance (au) Maximum Distance (au) V-relative (km/s) V-infinity (km/s) JD (TDB) Time Uncertainty (minutes) Semi-major axis (km) Semi-minor axis (km) range-LOV angle (deg) N-sigma BP Orbit Ref. Reference Modified 1910-Feb-12 03:05 04:54 Jupiter 0.981808010599128 0.981145369540135 0.982473413166481 7.92803378512188 7.81845800572993 2418714.628269332 293.931616043598 89275.0410673437 2424.6099392029 68.2635154609177 64095.8699199665 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 1913-Nov-01 19:36 04:06 Earth 0.309315209687614 0.30647138346034 0.312165415819292 24.318371461063 24.3180172356168 2420073.316711457 246.443249874631 158317.003582249 2748.41166656904 26.2709191933836 7118.90731338472 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 1946-Sep-11 12:23 15:01 Earth 0.356550582162556 0.349517640315732 0.363628623865263 22.2646610633388 22.2643254197221 2432075.016177784 900.989696835816 404686.445262099 254.677783779341 -29.6069360895403 88938.2412288098 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 1958-Jan-18 08:47 03:58 Jupiter 0.959189411762992 0.955494662717669 0.962885605809756 10.5233251261671 10.4390732453873 2436221.865640116 237.564858687359 193472.699115861 1936.83564861489 -18.432639946144 19551.798301243 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 1959-Nov-01 12:37 19:19 Earth 0.264524741671135 0.254457876463896 0.274711823532349 24.0449656875693 24.0445467727931 2436874.025416954 1159.47487849829 578015.150978884 153.990932318282 29.0899546504079 123280.913679509 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 1969-Sep-26 14:36 09:04 Jupiter 0.566925237782034 0.565578952080733 0.568278407731935 7.90817912908175 7.71694041663843 2440491.108529102 544.196800835578 120329.40088678 80.4238893124467 55.8596774953743 562522.378613456 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 1981-Jan-25 23:13 01:50 Jupiter 1.60105096159044 1.59975717964181 1.60234697788071 9.88440414954258 9.83073559046812 2444630.467377353 110.385979278127 114524.260894089 1058.93317593319 55.9281593029218 167227.088316503 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 1985-Sep-03 12:52 08:23 Earth 0.497132544456937 0.49251192835017 0.501761784615806 24.3049908924842 24.3047703731517 2446312.036160621 503.107121094098 252684.709829094 77.5247924628915 -24.1179041402472 392647.58105471 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2017-Feb-17 13:50 00:01 Jupiter 1.85641888459037 1.85641095567886 1.856426813506 12.7943455909529 12.758634146039 2457802.076439876 1.05564525352428 420.790087497423 106.816672377085 21.0596267188962 775302.803995941 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2018-Sep-10 14:13 < 00:01 Earth 0.391808978902473 0.39180826636441 0.391809691440535 23.0151793968232 23.014883917976 2458372.092593998 0.129573255513492 35.5469838999425 27.330365990735 2.66745331183595 1597295.32887929 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2029-Feb-14 06:01 00:34 Jupiter 0.363124232964673 0.362840956266975 0.363407637499162 8.17870568118062 7.88834789500943 2462181.750448641 33.6575146848734 17873.9739911387 310.34926579063 37.5548703910123 112465.297895539 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2040-Apr-15 14:09 00:59 Jupiter 1.8175677801912 1.81699820683543 1.81813754872019 10.2543810657199 10.2088339933794 2466260.089714520 59.2003802903437 41152.6169934452 697.921492670623 46.6917817320748 265393.432651659 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2058-Sep-12 23:15 10:00 Earth 0.468024038046763 0.460901309611145 0.475162979808274 22.0766068288258 22.0763489507561 2472984.468823340 599.513714043704 381196.425448944 58.4770563722151 -21.1204348247026 400885.126961315 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2076-Aug-11 05:22 02:50 Jupiter 0.238928944528948 0.238862191332079 0.239050065739217 8.7133838549725 8.29655927179001 2479526.723734629 170.115545299407 200190.282659422 1534.43408026939 -88.9865845516129 24552.6792854056 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2078-Oct-28 10:18 21:11 Earth 0.255477001613748 0.24180322865171 0.269479256266613 22.4457292843987 22.4452646286433 2480334.929017260 1270.53788321083 827593.865689451 1905.2414858878 33.454205400593 10518.0604458113 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2087-Aug-11 03:17 2_03:19 Jupiter 1.18468189883421 1.16936801119363 1.20053271340973 8.6556636135518 8.57266323070324 2483543.636708894 3078.72175810583 1483574.06813302 1405.24629899923 58.6853596484668 105552.710281489 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2124-Jan-11 03:53 4_12:23 Jupiter 0.819706929424959 0.729705183842392 0.912918523782544 10.0574911987718 9.95421930700887 2496844.661961457 6502.68794338119 5242334.90405778 3399.22591302294 -29.6416607474608 15633.8510707429 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2135-May-22 08:02 6_14:37 Jupiter 0.801092575773469 0.798950800677343 0.804369494215825 7.6972420942423 7.55862868594364 2500993.834662194 9517.1553343881 1523947.56773942 1419.9745827909 85.035710935523 93724.0211173683 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 2183-Apr-27 17:59 2_12:29 Jupiter 0.422312608434818 0.363700595770136 0.50758875233793 8.91434501159447 8.68643734735893 2518501.249309989 3629.01215957127 6483854.95389344 4574.99820397281 -55.5245249662463 11304.322890107 T K182/13 CATAB v2.0f-lin.ifort 2020-Feb-13 15:22:01 2020-Feb-13 15:22 Alternate Designations  Perihelion  Year (est.)  New-Style  Desig Roman  Numeral  Year/  Letter   1992.5       1992 IX   1991m   1985.9       1985 XIII   1984e   1979.4       1979 III   1978h   1972.8       1972 VI   1972d   1966.3       1966 I   1965g   1959.7       1959 VIII   1959b   1946.6       1946 V   1946c   1940.1       1940 I   1939l   1933.5       1933 III   1933c   1927.0       1926 VI   1926e   1913.9   21P/1913 U1   1913 V   1913e   1900.8   21P/1900 Y1   1900 III   1900c  [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] 2020-Dec-04 18:12 UT (server date/time)   Site Manager:   Ryan S. 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