+ View the NASA Portal + Center for Near-Earth Object Studies JPL Small-Body Database Browser Search: [ help ]   1685 Toro (1948 OA) Classification: Apollo [NEO]          SPK-ID: 2001685 [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] [ show orbit diagram ] Orbital Elements at Epoch 2459200.5 (2020-Dec-17.0) TDB Reference: JPL 548 (heliocentric ecliptic J2000)  Element Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)   Units  e .4358525306192206 5.7204e-09   a 1.367568240361332 8.1641e-10 au q .771510162005371 7.7888e-09 au i 9.382595422898362 3.2292e-06 deg node 274.241441809477 1.6182e-05 deg peri 127.221537098506 1.6339e-05 deg M 53.50195717213448 2.0776e-06 deg tp 2459113.686132311696 (2020-Sep-21.18613231) 3.3495e-06 TDB period 584.1467120022858 1.60 5.2309e-07 1.432e-09 d yr n .6162835339191146 5.5186e-10 deg/d Q 1.963626318717294 1.1722e-09 au Additional Model Parameters  Parameter Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)  A2 [EST] -3.094241740612491E-15 6.943E-16 ALN [SET] 1. n/a NK [SET] 0. n/a NM [SET] 2. n/a R0 [SET] 1. n/a   Orbit Determination Parameters    # obs. used (total)      3282      # delay obs. used      7      # Doppler obs. used      2      data-arc span      26522 days (72.61 yr)      first obs. used      1948-07-17      last obs. used      2021-02-26      planetary ephem.      DE431      SB-pert. ephem.      SB431-N16      condition code      0      norm. resid. RMS      .32019      source      ORB      producer      Otto Matic      solution date      2021-Feb-27 05:51:21   Additional Information  Earth MOID = .0507761 au   Jupiter MOID = 3.4803 au   T_jup = 4.715   Nongravitational accels. using nonstandard g(r) = (1 au/ r)^2  [ show covariance matrix ] [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] Physical Parameter Table Parameter Symbol Value Units Sigma Reference Notes absolute magnitude H 14.33   n/a E2021B10   diameter diameter 3.4 km n/a Hazards due to Comets and Asteroids (1994), Ed. T. Gehrels, pp.540-543   rotation period rot_per 10.1995 h n/a LCDB (Rev. 2020-October); Warner et al., 2009 Published Reference List: [Dunlap, J.L.; Gehrels, T.; Howes, M.L. (1973) Astron. J. 78, 491-501.] [De Angelis, G. (1995) Planet. Space Sci. 43, 649-682.] [Torppa, J.; Aksnes, K.; Dai, Z.; Grav, T.; et al. (2005) Bull. Amer. Astron. Soc. 37, 643.] [Higgins, D. (2008) Minor Planet Bull. 35, 30-32.] [Higgins, D.; Pravec, P.; Kusnirak, P.; Hornoch, K.; Brinsfield, J.W.; Allen, B.; Warner, B.D. (2008) Minor Planet Bull. 35, 123-126.] [Higgins, D. (2011) Minor Planet Bull. 38, 41-46.] [Oey, J. (2011) Minor Planet Bull. 38, 221-223.] [Warner, B.D. (2013). Minor Planet Bull. 40, 26-29.] [Warner, B.D. (2016) Minor Planet Bull. 43, 240-250.] [Oey, J.; Williams, H.; Groom, R. (2017) Minor Planet Bull. 44, 200-204.] [Durech, J.; Vokrouhlicky, D.; Pravec, P.; Hanus, J.; et al. (2018) Astron. Astrophys. 609, A86.] [Warner, B.D.; Stephens, R.D. (2020) Minor Planet Bull. 47, 290-304.] geometric albedo albedo 0.31   n/a Hazards due to Comets and Asteroids (1994), Ed. T. Gehrels, pp.540-543   B-V BV 0.880   0.027 EAR-A-5-DDR-UBV-MEAN-VALUES-V1.2 #obs=5; phase (min.=39.08, mean=63.48, max.=99.00) deg. U-B UB 0.470   0.022 EAR-A-5-DDR-UBV-MEAN-VALUES-V1.2 #obs=4; phase (min.=41.43, mean=59.67, max.=75.99) deg. Tholen spectral type spec_T S   n/a EAR-A-5-DDR-TAXONOMY-V4.0 used 2 color indices SMASSII spectral type spec_B S   n/a EAR-A-5-DDR-TAXONOMY-V4.0 based on a high-resolution spectrum by Xu et al. (1995) or Bus and Binzel (2002) 1685 Toro (1948 OA)          Discovered 1948-Jul-17 by Wirtanen, C. A. at Mount Hamilton Reference: DISCOVERY.DB Last Updated: 2003-08-29 [ show close-approach data ] [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] 2021-Mar-01 20:55 UT (server date/time)   Site Manager:   Ryan S. Park Webmaster:   Alan B. Chamberlin