+ View the NASA Portal + Center for Near-Earth Object Studies JPL Small-Body Database Browser Search: [ help ]   67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Classification: Jupiter-family Comet [NEO]          SPK-ID: 1000012 [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] [ show orbit diagram ] alternate orbits: [epoch=2013-Jul-21.0] K215/4 (default) [epoch=2006-Oct-17.0] K097/1 [epoch=2002-Sep-03.0] SAO/2002 [epoch=1995-Dec-29.0] SAO/1996 [epoch=1989-Jun-03.0] SAO/1989 [epoch=1982-Nov-07.0] SAO/1982 [epoch=1976-Apr-12.0] SAO/1976 [epoch=1969-Sep-16.0] SAO/1969 Orbital Elements at Epoch 2456494.5 (2013-Jul-21.0) TDB Reference: JPL K215/4 (heliocentric ecliptic J2000)  Element Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)   Units  e .6411631420732412 2.1094e-08   a 3.463715286017758 1.529e-08 au q 1.242908709987497 7.4706e-08 au i 7.043033521644597 2.2216e-06 deg node 50.16637867326806 2.366e-05 deg peri 12.74927366520482 2.3301e-05 deg M 244.8880681903479 2.1336e-06 deg tp 2457247.386565680058 (2015-Aug-12.88656568) 1.4627e-05 TDB period 2354.570541766325 6.45 1.5591e-05 4.269e-08 d yr n .1528941238387953 1.0124e-09 deg/d Q 5.68452186204802 2.5094e-08 au Additional Model Parameters  Parameter Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)  A1 [EST] 1.09589104854259E-9 1.092E-11 A2 [EST] -3.450271080332099E-11 2.927E-12 A3 [EST] 3.556882421470097E-10 1.137E-11 DT [EST] 33.46674786650353 .6047   Orbit Determination Parameters    # obs. used (total)      6233      data-arc span      9519 days (26.06 yr)      first obs. used      1995-07-03      last obs. used      2021-07-25      planetary ephem.      DE441      SB-pert. ephem.      SB441-N16      condition code      0      norm. resid. RMS      .73175      source      ORB      producer      Davide Farnocchia      solution date      2021-Jul-27 08:49:10   Additional Information  Earth MOID = .258317 au   Jupiter MOID = .0841448 au   T_jup = 2.745  [ show covariance matrix ] [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] Physical Parameter Table Parameter Symbol Value Units Sigma Reference Notes comet total magnitude M1 11.2   01. K215/4 2 parameter fit from 1175 observations, autocmod 2.9c comet total magnitude slope K1 12.   n/a K215/4 autocmod 2.9c comet nuclear magnitude M2 13.9   0.9 K215/4 from 4048 observations, autocmod 2.9c comet nuclear magnitude slope K2 5.   n/a K215/4 autocmod 2.9c comet nuclear phase coefficient PC 0.03   n/a K215/4 autocmod 2.9c diameter diameter 4.0 km n/a Lamy,P.L.;Toth,I.;Fernandez,Y.R.;Weaver,H.A. (2004) Comets II, pp. 223-264   rotation period rot_per 12.76137 h n/a LCDB (Rev. 2020-October); Warner et al., 2009 sidereal period (not synodic); Result based on less than full coverage, so that the period may be wrong by 30 percent or so. Published Reference List: [Lowry, S.; Duddy, S.R.; Rozitis, B.; Green, S.F.; et al. (2012) Astron. Astrophys. 548, A12.] 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko          Discovered 1969-Oct-22 by Churyumov, Klim Ivanovic at Alma-Ata Observatory, Russia discovered on plate/photo taken on 9/11 Reference: comet.dis Last Updated: 2003-08-29 [ hide close-approach data ] Close-Approach Data   ...sorted by Date/Time (TDB) Date/Time (TDB) Time Uncertainty (days_HH:MM) Body Nominal Distance (au) Minimum Distance (au) Maximum Distance (au) V-relative (km/s) V-infinity (km/s) JD (TDB) Time Uncertainty (minutes) Semi-major axis (km) Semi-minor axis (km) range-LOV angle (deg) N-sigma BP Orbit Ref. Reference Modified 1923-Sep-27 08:58 12:27 Jupiter 0.893695187458776 0.890506941645494 0.896885696427856 5.15144306435175 4.96405221604187 2423689.873899468 747.444069503986 174740.993487451 6217.47661795641 23.7201395433122 10844.0336688365 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 1928-May-14 00:28 20:41 Jupiter 1.87401642005428 1.87343634789795 1.87460334866041 7.82443556546992 7.76645524299207 2425380.519296277 1241.12106192418 181978.745671481 1321.83760077109 -81.0415031877294 30577.5136337959 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 1959-Feb-04 06:21 00:04 Jupiter 0.0515817536421093 0.0515736198312089 0.0515898888320915 8.18228161134328 5.84018742737949 2436603.764844825 4.3486092540258 744.170839533104 252.588391886148 -59.4441539586072 35363.5382944241 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 1982-Nov-27 14:26 < 00:01 Earth 0.391004574945447 0.391000037583031 0.391009112317531 5.33794110414685 5.33666434587039 2445301.101359400 0.391234232883363 246.94458078385 45.4991340953281 -24.0614381016492 672903.008020422 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2007-Jul-05 07:09 < 00:01 Jupiter 1.43925014910866 1.43924864441779 1.43925165379953 9.63770334617434 9.57644468048213 2454286.798194937 0.300445382769124 76.163334637304 28.9022872491852 12.6801975612889 2244267.58669368 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2018-Nov-11 20:54 < 00:01 Jupiter 0.375494513328094 0.375494166663911 0.375494859993153 5.61027407668622 5.1926555011106 2458434.370530713 0.683377170503721 44.277028883451 11.3740132061099 72.1459631462331 3968565.8451402 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2021-Nov-12 00:49 < 00:01 Earth 0.418208957653197 0.418207530585434 0.418210384721247 9.25539113911363 9.2547027398449 2459530.534211238 0.212266015524067 73.1880193566955 10.1931651385853 -13.6941002706223 1134498.34341528 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2030-Jan-29 12:52 < 00:01 Jupiter 1.05660662256819 1.05660454783122 1.05660869730516 9.0483302871566 8.95929643990886 2462531.035778695 0.686288874625851 109.824491742214 94.3798119463768 44.3217782033847 1107826.13566199 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2034-Nov-28 23:52 < 00:01 Earth 0.451742811333313 0.451735664390282 0.451749958284228 4.75134394615533 4.75010240425281 2464295.494448896 0.68373428062724 368.668626346598 23.9173833641012 -14.8238716231318 641061.782358622 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2067-Oct-26 08:08 00:09 Mars 0.0670967403234024 0.0670630058574515 0.0671304748906609 10.3056020684989 10.3051880305712 2476314.838837842 9.06562797332694 1687.23075329395 75.5993843884487 -4.4226823115221 11996.4440099699 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2067-Nov-12 18:51 00:03 Earth 0.441716027011712 0.441679355854311 0.441752700567742 4.96142233016073 4.96020637873986 2476332.285138952 3.1076334646791 2446.6928189778 93.9280573881371 -41.6652839239679 339291.344610089 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2078-Jun-15 16:53 00:04 Jupiter 0.331847330994008 0.331843856377239 0.331850805635301 5.75740044971053 5.29554220302333 2480200.203173707 4.15632276615259 315.35407751535 148.368812779583 -69.4357473305933 394271.263305873 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2080-Nov-01 22:04 00:04 Earth 0.496046733045419 0.496012261961396 0.496081205078526 3.04108910558041 3.03932230801067 2481070.419414842 3.91745053986476 2034.02042843348 167.755148004755 -32.2897132354984 177536.137741038 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2089-May-11 05:04 00:04 Jupiter 1.79906912950844 1.79906385510817 1.79907440395759 11.0305831358652 10.9878178558402 2484182.710950366 4.12055442726997 624.666760358883 147.564046155131 69.1792366614668 1256584.77863807 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2114-Nov-07 23:34 00:05 Earth 0.444515648998596 0.444472524422459 0.444558776312952 2.7368343225883 2.73464328074324 2493493.481869848 4.78655251379947 2770.70857309667 188.064803307348 -39.1152231966977 209184.202415254 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2125-Oct-13 17:35 00:09 Jupiter 0.402186275326579 0.402180125036182 0.402192425829612 5.53384388055458 5.13919619327578 2497486.232334676 9.48523627941789 581.256687851812 77.8418645135667 -58.2616855159153 897769.976475886 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2161-Jul-25 18:39 00:08 Jupiter 0.541235604562745 0.54117860187222 0.541292607502226 7.482933819906 7.27078675088655 2510555.277081455 8.22552044368988 2902.0540443598 163.620135444296 14.7296546006759 105328.517244857 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 2172-Mar-01 12:19 00:18 Jupiter 0.638292223997298 0.638280501174718 0.638303948259176 7.01554044036024 6.82376584566372 2514427.013404773 17.7674631867857 2841.13591873948 484.767726856314 84.2128048774956 178996.592432946 T K215/4 CATAB v2.0g-lin.ifort 2021-Jul-27 09:02:01 2021-Jul-27 09:02 Alternate Designations  Perihelion  Year (est.)  New-Style  Desig Roman  Numeral  Year/  Letter   1989.8       1989 VI   1988i   1983.4       1982 VIII   1982f   1976.9   67P/1975 P1   1976 VII   1975i   1970.5   67P/1969 R1   1969 IV   1969h  [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Mission Design | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] 2021-Jul-29 10:41 UT (server date/time)   Site Manager:   Ryan S. 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