******************************************************************************* Revised: June 21, 2016 Mars 499 / 4 PHYSICAL DATA (updated 2019-Oct-29): Vol. mean radius (km) = 3389.92+-0.04 Density (g/cm^3) = 3.933(5+-4) Mass x10^23 (kg) = 6.4171 Flattening, f = 1/169.779 Volume (x10^10 km^3) = 16.318 Equatorial radius (km)= 3396.19 Sidereal rot. period = 24.622962 hr Sid. rot. rate, rad/s = 0.0000708822 Mean solar day (sol) = 88775.24415 s Polar gravity m/s^2 = 3.758 Core radius (km) = ~1700 Equ. gravity m/s^2 = 3.71 Geometric Albedo = 0.150 GM (km^3/s^2) = 42828.375214 Mass ratio (Sun/Mars) = 3098703.59 GM 1-sigma (km^3/s^2) = +- 0.00028 Mass of atmosphere, kg= ~ 2.5 x 10^16 Mean temperature (K) = 210 Atmos. pressure (bar) = 0.0056 Obliquity to orbit = 25.19 deg Max. angular diam. = 17.9" Mean sidereal orb per = 1.88081578 y Visual mag. V(1,0) = -1.52 Mean sidereal orb per = 686.98 d Orbital speed, km/s = 24.13 Hill's sphere rad. Rp = 319.8 Escape speed, km/s = 5.027 Perihelion Aphelion Mean Solar Constant (W/m^2) 717 493 589 Maximum Planetary IR (W/m^2) 470 315 390 Minimum Planetary IR (W/m^2) 30 30 30 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / WWW_USER Thu Apr 18 10:01:52 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Mars (499) {source: mar097} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: Kushiro ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2019-Nov-11 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2019-Nov-11 01:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 60 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : IAU_MARS {West-longitude positive} Target radii : 3396.19, 3396.19, 3376.2 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Center geodetic : 144.59, 43.0781806, .132201 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 144.59, 4666.12214, 4333.94007 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Sun Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian EOP file : eop.240416.p240711 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-APR-16. PREDICTS-> 2024-JUL-10 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation (-90.0deg=NO ),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (NO ) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 0.0,180.0=NO ),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) Table format : Comma Separated Values (spreadsheet) ******************************************************************************* Date__(UT)__HR:MN, , , SunSub-LON, SunSub-LAT, *********************************************** $$SOE 2019-Nov-11 00:00,*, , 196.976204, 24.516302, 2019-Nov-11 01:00,*, , 211.576609, 24.513986, $$EOE ******************************************************************************* Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence symbol: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence symbol is immediately followed by a lunar-presence symbol: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric ephemeris 'SunSub-LON, SunSub-LAT,' = Apparent sub-solar longitude and latitude of the Sun on the target. The apparent planetodetic longitude and latitude of the center of the target disc as seen from the Sun, as seen by the observer at print-time. This is NOT exactly the same as the "sub-solar" (nearest) point for a non-spherical target shape (since the center of the disc seen from the Sun might not be the closest point to the Sun), but is very close if not a highly irregular body shape. Light travel-time from Sun to target and from target to observer is taken into account. Latitude is the angle between the equatorial plane and the line perpendicular to the reference ellipsoid of the body. The reference ellipsoid is an oblate spheroid with a single flatness coefficient in which the y-axis body radius is taken to be the same value as the x-axis radius. Positive longitude is to the WEST for this target. Cartographic system is given in the header. Units: DEGREES DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ******************************************************************************* !$$SOF COMMAND = '499' CENTER = '399' OBJ_DATA = 'yes' MAKE_EPHEM = 'yes' TABLE_TYPE = 'OBSERVER' REF_PLANE = 'ECLIPTIC' COORD_TYPE = 'GEODETIC' SITE_COORD = '' START_TIME = '2019/11/11 00:00' STOP_TIME = '2019/11/11 01:00' STEP_SIZE = '1h' TLIST = QUANTITIES = '15' FIXED_QUANTITIES = 'Custom' REF_SYSTEM = 'J2000' OUT_UNITS = 'KM-S' VECT_TABLE = '3' VECT_CORR = 'NONE' CAL_FORMAT = 'CAL' ANG_FORMAT = 'HMS' APPARENT = 'AIRLESS' TIME_TYPE = 'UTC' TIME_DIGITS = 'MINUTES' TIME_ZONE = '' RANGE_UNITS = 'AU' SUPPRESS_RANGE_RATE = 'no' ELEV_CUT = '' SKIP_DAYLT = 'no' SOLAR_ELONG = '' AIRMASS = '' EXTRA_PREC = 'yes' CSV_FORMAT = 'yes' VEC_LABELS = 'yes' ELM_LABELS = 'yes' TP_TYPE = 'ABSOLUTE' R_T_S_ONLY = 'NO' CA_TABLE_TYPE = 'STANDARD' TCA3SG_LIMIT = '' EMAIL_ADDR = '' CALIM_SB = ''