******************************************************************************* Revised: April 12, 2021 Earth 399 GEOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES (revised May 9, 2022): Vol. Mean Radius (km) = 6371.01+-0.02 Mass x10^24 (kg)= 5.97219+-0.0006 Equ. radius, km = 6378.137 Mass layers: Polar axis, km = 6356.752 Atmos = 5.1 x 10^18 kg Flattening = 1/298.257223563 oceans = 1.4 x 10^21 kg Density, g/cm^3 = 5.51 crust = 2.6 x 10^22 kg J2 (IERS 2010) = 0.00108262545 mantle = 4.043 x 10^24 kg g_p, m/s^2 (polar) = 9.8321863685 outer core = 1.835 x 10^24 kg g_e, m/s^2 (equatorial) = 9.7803267715 inner core = 9.675 x 10^22 kg g_o, m/s^2 = 9.82022 Fluid core rad = 3480 km GM, km^3/s^2 = 398600.435436 Inner core rad = 1215 km GM 1-sigma, km^3/s^2 = 0.0014 Escape velocity = 11.186 km/s Rot. Rate (rad/s) = 0.00007292115 Surface area: Mean sidereal day, hr = 23.9344695944 land = 1.48 x 10^8 km Mean solar day 2000.0, s = 86400.002 sea = 3.62 x 10^8 km Mean solar day 1820.0, s = 86400.0 Love no., k2 = 0.299 Moment of inertia = 0.3308 Atm. pressure = 1.0 bar Mean surface temp (Ts), K= 287.6 Volume, km^3 = 1.08321 x 10^12 Mean effect. temp (Te), K= 255 Magnetic moment = 0.61 gauss Rp^3 Geometric albedo = 0.367 Vis. mag. V(1,0)= -3.86 Solar Constant (W/m^2) = 1367.6 (mean), 1414 (perihelion), 1322 (aphelion) HELIOCENTRIC ORBIT CHARACTERISTICS: Obliquity to orbit, deg = 23.4392911 Sidereal orb period = 1.0000174 y Orbital speed, km/s = 29.79 Sidereal orb period = 365.25636 d Mean daily motion, deg/d = 0.9856474 Hill's sphere radius = 234.9 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / WWW_USER Wed Apr 24 04:52:27 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center body name: Sun (10) {source: DE441} Center-site name: BODYCENTRIC ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2022-Jan-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2022-Jan-10 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 60 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : ITRF93 (high precision) {East-longitude positive} Target radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Center geodetic : 0.0, 0.0, -695700.0 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : IAU_SUN {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 695700.0, 695700.0, 695700.0 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Sun Vis. interferer : None Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian EOP file : eop.240423.p240717 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-APR-23. PREDICTS-> 2024-JUL-16 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation (-90.0deg=NO ),Airmass n.a. , Daylight (NO ) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 0.0,180.0=NO ),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) ******************************************************************************* Date__(UT)__HR:MN delta deldot *************************************************** $$SOE 2022-Jan-01 00:00 0.98335573289426 -0.0201241 2022-Jan-01 01:00 0.98335525176441 -0.0198627 2022-Jan-01 02:00 0.98335477691765 -0.0196019 2022-Jan-01 03:00 0.98335430834130 -0.0193416 2022-Jan-01 04:00 0.98335384602300 -0.0190818 2022-Jan-01 05:00 0.98335338995068 -0.0188225 2022-Jan-01 06:00 0.98335294011259 -0.0185636 2022-Jan-01 07:00 0.98335249649728 -0.0183053 2022-Jan-01 08:00 0.98335205909364 -0.0180474 2022-Jan-01 09:00 0.98335162789086 -0.0177899 2022-Jan-01 10:00 0.98335120287845 -0.0175329 2022-Jan-01 11:00 0.98335078404626 -0.0172763 2022-Jan-01 12:00 0.98335037138445 -0.0170201 2022-Jan-01 13:00 0.98334996488353 -0.0167643 2022-Jan-01 14:00 0.98334956453431 -0.0165088 2022-Jan-01 15:00 0.98334917032797 -0.0162537 2022-Jan-01 16:00 0.98334878225601 -0.0159990 2022-Jan-01 17:00 0.98334840031027 -0.0157446 2022-Jan-01 18:00 0.98334802448292 -0.0154905 2022-Jan-01 19:00 0.98334765476649 -0.0152367 2022-Jan-01 20:00 0.98334729115385 -0.0149832 2022-Jan-01 21:00 0.98334693363822 -0.0147300 2022-Jan-01 22:00 0.98334658221316 -0.0144770 2022-Jan-01 23:00 0.98334623687257 -0.0142243 2022-Jan-02 00:00 0.98334589761073 -0.0139718 2022-Jan-02 01:00 0.98334556442225 -0.0137195 2022-Jan-02 02:00 0.98334523730209 -0.0134674 2022-Jan-02 03:00 0.98334491624559 -0.0132156 2022-Jan-02 04:00 0.98334460124842 -0.0129639 2022-Jan-02 05:00 0.98334429230661 -0.0127123 2022-Jan-02 06:00 0.98334398941656 -0.0124609 2022-Jan-02 07:00 0.98334369257503 -0.0122096 2022-Jan-02 08:00 0.98334340177910 -0.0119584 2022-Jan-02 09:00 0.98334311702626 -0.0117074 2022-Jan-02 10:00 0.98334283831433 -0.0114564 2022-Jan-02 11:00 0.98334256564150 -0.0112055 2022-Jan-02 12:00 0.98334229900629 -0.0109546 2022-Jan-02 13:00 0.98334203840763 -0.0107038 2022-Jan-02 14:00 0.98334178384476 -0.0104529 2022-Jan-02 15:00 0.98334153531732 -0.0102021 2022-Jan-02 16:00 0.98334129282526 -0.0099513 2022-Jan-02 17:00 0.98334105636893 -0.0097005 2022-Jan-02 18:00 0.98334082594903 -0.0094497 2022-Jan-02 19:00 0.98334060156658 -0.0091987 2022-Jan-02 20:00 0.98334038322300 -0.0089478 2022-Jan-02 21:00 0.98334017092005 -0.0086967 2022-Jan-02 22:00 0.98333996465982 -0.0084456 2022-Jan-02 23:00 0.98333976444478 -0.0081943 2022-Jan-03 00:00 0.98333957027774 -0.0079429 2022-Jan-03 01:00 0.98333938216186 -0.0076914 2022-Jan-03 02:00 0.98333920010064 -0.0074397 2022-Jan-03 03:00 0.98333902409794 -0.0071878 2022-Jan-03 04:00 0.98333885415795 -0.0069358 2022-Jan-03 05:00 0.98333869028520 -0.0066836 2022-Jan-03 06:00 0.98333853248459 -0.0064312 2022-Jan-03 07:00 0.98333838076131 -0.0061785 2022-Jan-03 08:00 0.98333823512092 -0.0059256 2022-Jan-03 09:00 0.98333809556931 -0.0056725 2022-Jan-03 10:00 0.98333796211270 -0.0054191 2022-Jan-03 11:00 0.98333783475762 -0.0051654 2022-Jan-03 12:00 0.98333771351094 -0.0049114 2022-Jan-03 13:00 0.98333759837987 -0.0046571 2022-Jan-03 14:00 0.98333748937192 -0.0044025 2022-Jan-03 15:00 0.98333738649492 -0.0041476 2022-Jan-03 16:00 0.98333728975701 -0.0038923 2022-Jan-03 17:00 0.98333719916666 -0.0036366 2022-Jan-03 18:00 0.98333711473264 -0.0033806 2022-Jan-03 19:00 0.98333703646403 -0.0031242 2022-Jan-03 20:00 0.98333696437019 -0.0028674 2022-Jan-03 21:00 0.98333689846082 -0.0026102 2022-Jan-03 22:00 0.98333683874589 -0.0023526 2022-Jan-03 23:00 0.98333678523565 -0.0020946 2022-Jan-04 00:00 0.98333673794068 -0.0018361 2022-Jan-04 01:00 0.98333669687181 -0.0015771 2022-Jan-04 02:00 0.98333666204016 -0.0013177 2022-Jan-04 03:00 0.98333663345715 -0.0010578 2022-Jan-04 04:00 0.98333661113445 -0.0007974 2022-Jan-04 05:00 0.98333659508401 -0.0005365 2022-Jan-04 06:00 0.98333658531804 -0.0002751 2022-Jan-04 07:00 0.98333658184904 -0.0000131 2022-Jan-04 08:00 0.98333658468973 0.0002493 2022-Jan-04 09:00 0.98333659385313 0.0005123 2022-Jan-04 10:00 0.98333660935247 0.0007759 2022-Jan-04 11:00 0.98333663120125 0.0010400 2022-Jan-04 12:00 0.98333665941321 0.0013048 2022-Jan-04 13:00 0.98333669400234 0.0015700 2022-Jan-04 14:00 0.98333673498285 0.0018359 2022-Jan-04 15:00 0.98333678236919 0.0021024 2022-Jan-04 16:00 0.98333683617603 0.0023695 2022-Jan-04 17:00 0.98333689641827 0.0026373 2022-Jan-04 18:00 0.98333696311103 0.0029057 2022-Jan-04 19:00 0.98333703626964 0.0031747 2022-Jan-04 20:00 0.98333711590964 0.0034443 2022-Jan-04 21:00 0.98333720204679 0.0037146 2022-Jan-04 22:00 0.98333729469704 0.0039856 2022-Jan-04 23:00 0.98333739387653 0.0042573 2022-Jan-05 00:00 0.98333749960160 0.0045296 2022-Jan-05 01:00 0.98333761188880 0.0048027 2022-Jan-05 02:00 0.98333773075484 0.0050764 2022-Jan-05 03:00 0.98333785621662 0.0053508 2022-Jan-05 04:00 0.98333798829120 0.0056260 2022-Jan-05 05:00 0.98333812699585 0.0059019 2022-Jan-05 06:00 0.98333827234798 0.0061785 2022-Jan-05 07:00 0.98333842436517 0.0064558 2022-Jan-05 08:00 0.98333858306515 0.0067339 2022-Jan-05 09:00 0.98333874846582 0.0070127 2022-Jan-05 10:00 0.98333892058523 0.0072923 2022-Jan-05 11:00 0.98333909944158 0.0075726 2022-Jan-05 12:00 0.98333928505319 0.0078537 2022-Jan-05 13:00 0.98333947743855 0.0081356 2022-Jan-05 14:00 0.98333967661626 0.0084182 2022-Jan-05 15:00 0.98333988260506 0.0087016 2022-Jan-05 16:00 0.98334009542383 0.0089858 2022-Jan-05 17:00 0.98334031509155 0.0092709 2022-Jan-05 18:00 0.98334054162732 0.0095567 2022-Jan-05 19:00 0.98334077505038 0.0098433 2022-Jan-05 20:00 0.98334101538005 0.0101307 2022-Jan-05 21:00 0.98334126263577 0.0104189 2022-Jan-05 22:00 0.98334151683709 0.0107079 2022-Jan-05 23:00 0.98334177800365 0.0109978 2022-Jan-06 00:00 0.98334204615517 0.0112884 2022-Jan-06 01:00 0.98334232131149 0.0115799 2022-Jan-06 02:00 0.98334260349253 0.0118723 2022-Jan-06 03:00 0.98334289271827 0.0121654 2022-Jan-06 04:00 0.98334318900880 0.0124594 2022-Jan-06 05:00 0.98334349238428 0.0127542 2022-Jan-06 06:00 0.98334380286492 0.0130499 2022-Jan-06 07:00 0.98334412047103 0.0133464 2022-Jan-06 08:00 0.98334444522297 0.0136438 2022-Jan-06 09:00 0.98334477714115 0.0139420 2022-Jan-06 10:00 0.98334511624607 0.0142411 2022-Jan-06 11:00 0.98334546255826 0.0145410 2022-Jan-06 12:00 0.98334581609832 0.0148418 2022-Jan-06 13:00 0.98334617688687 0.0151434 2022-Jan-06 14:00 0.98334654494461 0.0154459 2022-Jan-06 15:00 0.98334692029227 0.0157493 2022-Jan-06 16:00 0.98334730295060 0.0160535 2022-Jan-06 17:00 0.98334769294041 0.0163586 2022-Jan-06 18:00 0.98334809028254 0.0166646 2022-Jan-06 19:00 0.98334849499785 0.0169714 2022-Jan-06 20:00 0.98334890710724 0.0172791 2022-Jan-06 21:00 0.98334932663162 0.0175877 2022-Jan-06 22:00 0.98334975359192 0.0178971 2022-Jan-06 23:00 0.98335018800911 0.0182074 2022-Jan-07 00:00 0.98335062990416 0.0185186 2022-Jan-07 01:00 0.98335107929805 0.0188306 2022-Jan-07 02:00 0.98335153621177 0.0191436 2022-Jan-07 03:00 0.98335200066634 0.0194574 2022-Jan-07 04:00 0.98335247268275 0.0197720 2022-Jan-07 05:00 0.98335295228203 0.0200876 2022-Jan-07 06:00 0.98335343948517 0.0204040 2022-Jan-07 07:00 0.98335393431320 0.0207213 2022-Jan-07 08:00 0.98335443678711 0.0210394 2022-Jan-07 09:00 0.98335494692790 0.0213585 2022-Jan-07 10:00 0.98335546475656 0.0216784 2022-Jan-07 11:00 0.98335599029406 0.0219992 2022-Jan-07 12:00 0.98335652356138 0.0223208 2022-Jan-07 13:00 0.98335706457945 0.0226433 2022-Jan-07 14:00 0.98335761336920 0.0229667 2022-Jan-07 15:00 0.98335816995155 0.0232910 2022-Jan-07 16:00 0.98335873434739 0.0236161 2022-Jan-07 17:00 0.98335930657757 0.0239421 2022-Jan-07 18:00 0.98335988666293 0.0242689 2022-Jan-07 19:00 0.98336047462429 0.0245966 2022-Jan-07 20:00 0.98336107048243 0.0249252 2022-Jan-07 21:00 0.98336167425810 0.0252547 2022-Jan-07 22:00 0.98336228597201 0.0255850 2022-Jan-07 23:00 0.98336290564485 0.0259161 2022-Jan-08 00:00 0.98336353329726 0.0262482 2022-Jan-08 01:00 0.98336416894985 0.0265810 2022-Jan-08 02:00 0.98336481262320 0.0269148 2022-Jan-08 03:00 0.98336546433783 0.0272493 2022-Jan-08 04:00 0.98336612411423 0.0275848 2022-Jan-08 05:00 0.98336679197283 0.0279211 2022-Jan-08 06:00 0.98336746793405 0.0282582 2022-Jan-08 07:00 0.98336815201823 0.0285962 2022-Jan-08 08:00 0.98336884424567 0.0289350 2022-Jan-08 09:00 0.98336954463663 0.0292746 2022-Jan-08 10:00 0.98337025321131 0.0296151 2022-Jan-08 11:00 0.98337096998986 0.0299564 2022-Jan-08 12:00 0.98337169499240 0.0302986 2022-Jan-08 13:00 0.98337242823895 0.0306416 2022-Jan-08 14:00 0.98337316974953 0.0309854 2022-Jan-08 15:00 0.98337391954405 0.0313301 2022-Jan-08 16:00 0.98337467764240 0.0316756 2022-Jan-08 17:00 0.98337544406441 0.0320219 2022-Jan-08 18:00 0.98337621882983 0.0323690 2022-Jan-08 19:00 0.98337700195838 0.0327169 2022-Jan-08 20:00 0.98337779346968 0.0330657 2022-Jan-08 21:00 0.98337859338332 0.0334152 2022-Jan-08 22:00 0.98337940171883 0.0337656 2022-Jan-08 23:00 0.98338021849565 0.0341168 2022-Jan-09 00:00 0.98338104373318 0.0344688 2022-Jan-09 01:00 0.98338187745075 0.0348216 2022-Jan-09 02:00 0.98338271966761 0.0351752 2022-Jan-09 03:00 0.98338357040297 0.0355295 2022-Jan-09 04:00 0.98338442967596 0.0358847 2022-Jan-09 05:00 0.98338529750564 0.0362407 2022-Jan-09 06:00 0.98338617391099 0.0365974 2022-Jan-09 07:00 0.98338705891096 0.0369550 2022-Jan-09 08:00 0.98338795252439 0.0373133 2022-Jan-09 09:00 0.98338885477008 0.0376724 2022-Jan-09 10:00 0.98338976566674 0.0380323 2022-Jan-09 11:00 0.98339068523302 0.0383929 2022-Jan-09 12:00 0.98339161348749 0.0387544 2022-Jan-09 13:00 0.98339255044867 0.0391166 2022-Jan-09 14:00 0.98339349613499 0.0394795 2022-Jan-09 15:00 0.98339445056480 0.0398432 2022-Jan-09 16:00 0.98339541375640 0.0402077 2022-Jan-09 17:00 0.98339638572800 0.0405729 2022-Jan-09 18:00 0.98339736649774 0.0409389 2022-Jan-09 19:00 0.98339835608370 0.0413056 2022-Jan-09 20:00 0.98339935450387 0.0416731 2022-Jan-09 21:00 0.98340036177617 0.0420413 2022-Jan-09 22:00 0.98340137791844 0.0424103 2022-Jan-09 23:00 0.98340240294847 0.0427800 2022-Jan-10 00:00 0.98340343688394 0.0431504 $$EOE ******************************************************************************* Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ******************************************************************************* !$$SOF COMMAND = '399' START_TIME = '2022-01-01' STOP_TIME = '2022-01-10' STEP_SIZE = '1 hour' QUANTITIES = '20' CENTER = '@Sun'