******************************************************************************* JPL/HORIZONS PANSTARRS (C/2017 K2) 2026-Sep-09 20:36:38 Rec #:90004448 (+COV) Soln.date: 2026-Jul-28_14:12:17 # obs: 3121 (2013-2026) IAU76/J2000 helio. ecliptic osc. elements (au, days, deg., period=Julian yrs): EPOCH= 2459466.5 ! 2021-Sep-09.0000000 (TDB) RMSW= n.a. EC= 1.000615779872155 QR= 1.797284209775159 TP= 2459933.2273696717 OM= 88.2411364015085 W= 236.1923247868861 IN= 87.55484194277042 A= -2918.712174668874 MA= -.002917295612067402ADIST= 9.999999E99 PER= 9.999999E99 N= 6.251E-6 ANGMOM= .032619077 DAN= 8.11206 DDN= 2.30973 L= 271.8865764 B= -56.1145002 MOID= 1.09027004 TP= 2022-Dec-19.7273696717 Comet physical (GM= km^3/s^2; RAD= km): GM= n.a. RAD= n.a. M1= 8.5 M2= n.a. k1= 4.5 k2= n.a. PHCOF= n.a. Comet non-gravitational force model (AMRAT=m^2/kg;A1-A3=au/d^2;DT=days;R0=au): AMRAT= 0. DT= -64.77874 A1= 2.287971496582E-8 A2= 5.432947278023E-9 A3= -1.11644411087E-8 Non-standard or simulated/proxy model: ALN= .1112620426 NK= 4.6142 NM= 2.15 NN= 5.093 R0= 2.808 COMET comments 1: soln ref.= JPL#192, data arc: 2013-05-12 to 2026-04-21 2: k1=4.5; ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / WWW_USER Wed Sep 9 20:36:39 2026 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: PANSTARRS (C/2017 K2) {source: JPL#192} Center body name: Sun (10) {source: DE441} Center-site name: BODY CENTER ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2023-Nov-01 00:00:00.0000 TDB Stop time : A.D. 2024-Jan-15 00:00:00.0000 TDB Step-size : 7200 minutes ******************************************************************************* Center geodetic : 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center radii : 695700.0, 695700.0, 695700.0 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Keplerian GM : 2.9591220828411951E-04 au^3/d^2 Small perturbers: Yes {source: SB441-N16} Output units : AU-D, deg, Julian Day Number (Tp) Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian Output type : GEOMETRIC osculating elements Output format : 10 Reference frame : Ecliptic of J2000.0 ******************************************************************************* Initial IAU76/J2000 heliocentric ecliptic osculating elements (au, days, deg.): EPOCH= 2459466.5 ! 2021-Sep-09.0000000 (TDB) RMSW= n.a. EC= 1.000615779872155 QR= 1.797284209775159 TP= 2459933.2273696717 OM= 88.2411364015085 W= 236.1923247868861 IN= 87.55484194277042 Equivalent ICRF heliocentric cartesian coordinates (au, au/d): X=-2.832632140963802E-01 Y=-4.670184671381353E+00 Z= 2.680394301470089E+00 VX= 4.551845847057409E-04 VY= 4.401856956673635E-03 VZ=-9.501280733094745E-03 Comet physical (GM= km^3/s^2; RAD= km): GM= n.a. RAD= n.a. M1= 8.5 M2= n.a. k1= 4.5 k2= n.a. PHCOF= n.a. Comet non-gravitational force model (AMRAT=m^2/kg;A1-A3=au/d^2;DT=days;R0=au): AMRAT= 0. DT= -64.77874 A1= 2.287971496582E-8 A2= 5.432947278023E-9 A3= -1.11644411087E-8 Non-standard or simulated/proxy model: ALN= .1112620426 NK= 4.6142 NM= 2.15 NN= 5.093 R0= 2.808 ******************************************************************************* JDTDB EC QR IN OM W Tp N MA TA A AD PR ******************************************************************************* $$SOE 2460249.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Nov-01 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000646530876767E+00 QR= 1.797249603341507E+00 IN= 8.756669911575226E+01 OM= 8.823446546892690E+01 W = 2.362008826257369E+02 Tp= 2459933.166794601362 N = 6.724738255348649E-06 MA= 2.127258007780103E-03 TA= 9.666783214791570E+01 A =-2.779835686009078E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460254.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Nov-06 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000640202740422E+00 QR= 1.797259530518118E+00 IN= 8.756691105953520E+01 OM= 8.823435809172346E+01 W = 2.362009626955458E+02 Tp= 2459933.165387011133 N = 6.626194417264098E-06 MA= 2.129225618659903E-03 TA= 9.722615191019554E+01 A =-2.807328705485975E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460259.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Nov-11 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000633786391808E+00 QR= 1.797269748398689E+00 IN= 8.756714133865837E+01 OM= 8.823424420168087E+01 W = 2.362010435761277E+02 Tp= 2459933.163920349441 N = 6.526773515080131E-06 MA= 2.129921681678339E-03 TA= 9.777237924974889E+01 A =-2.835765758983679E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460264.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Nov-16 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000627298365850E+00 QR= 1.797280273316842E+00 IN= 8.756739047041289E+01 OM= 8.823412389898871E+01 W = 2.362011261527798E+02 Tp= 2459933.162396491040 N = 6.426752819939760E-06 MA= 2.129424877702853E-03 TA= 9.830691641174337E+01 A =-2.865112315227311E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460269.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Nov-21 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000620753428625E+00 QR= 1.797291122146389E+00 IN= 8.756765870450147E+01 OM= 8.823399741236275E+01 W = 2.362012112674558E+02 Tp= 2459933.160817073192 N = 6.326377757723091E-06 MA= 2.127808725920037E-03 TA= 9.883014851475673E+01 A =-2.895338212033312E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460274.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Nov-26 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000614161692773E+00 QR= 1.797302310270396E+00 IN= 8.756794601321576E+01 OM= 8.823386509179952E+01 W = 2.362012995645864E+02 Tp= 2459933.159182880539 N = 6.225818591073951E-06 MA= 2.125126005114641E-03 TA= 9.934244454787923E+01 A =-2.926431803579744E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460279.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000607524439272E+00 QR= 1.797313848088859E+00 IN= 8.756825214891198E+01 OM= 8.823372737144065E+01 W = 2.362013912531817E+02 Tp= 2459933.157492924482 N = 6.125109019578393E-06 MA= 2.121385613950292E-03 TA= 9.984415840852053E+01 A =-2.958422298599600E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460284.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Dec-06 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000600828512476E+00 QR= 1.797325734941005E+00 IN= 8.756857690985353E+01 OM= 8.823358464480006E+01 W = 2.362014857528238E+02 Tp= 2459933.155743142124 N = 6.024065506402050E-06 MA= 2.116520818608719E-03 TA= 1.003356300174318E+02 A =-2.991412187702935E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460289.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Dec-11 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000594043253399E+00 QR= 1.797337951318276E+00 IN= 8.756892089662232E+01 OM= 8.823343694354152E+01 W = 2.362015813889514E+02 Tp= 2459933.153925674502 N = 5.922247575151653E-06 MA= 2.110369674590010E-03 TA= 1.008171863519512E+02 A =-3.025601151152581E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460294.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Dec-16 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000587135990324E+00 QR= 1.797350460755285E+00 IN= 8.756928682558933E+01 OM= 8.823328341905574E+01 W = 2.362016759994755E+02 Tp= 2459933.152032228652 N = 5.819195888060202E-06 MA= 2.102754608214548E-03 TA= 1.012891415389759E+02 A =-3.061216635286249E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460299.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Dec-21 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000580124717096E+00 QR= 1.797363247525689E+00 IN= 8.756967971818179E+01 OM= 8.823312234319367E+01 W = 2.362017697736487E+02 Tp= 2459933.150065856986 N = 5.715211975255204E-06 MA= 2.093767530749176E-03 TA= 1.017517946643958E+02 A =-3.098235938854877E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460304.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Dec-26 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000573115399981E+00 QR= 1.797376372966372E+00 IN= 8.757010299473821E+01 OM= 8.823295275292789E+01 W = 2.362018679925180E+02 Tp= 2459933.148049529176 N = 5.611883526811650E-06 MA= 2.083983893497079E-03 TA= 1.022054275895177E+02 A =-3.136150892167907E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460309.500000000 = A.D. 2023-Dec-31 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000566226412681E+00 QR= 1.797389949601002E+00 IN= 8.757055437725347E+01 OM= 8.823277599434674E+01 W = 2.362019776447711E+02 Tp= 2459933.146009239834 N = 5.510941443521726E-06 MA= 2.074064805115940E-03 TA= 1.026503088633464E+02 A =-3.174330814224483E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460314.500000000 = A.D. 2024-Jan-05 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000559497280539E+00 QR= 1.797404054491146E+00 IN= 8.757102850600928E+01 OM= 8.823259452007939E+01 W = 2.362021019755238E+02 Tp= 2459933.143953233957 N = 5.412930716479562E-06 MA= 2.064253859455163E-03 TA= 1.030866997675205E+02 A =-3.212534031908672E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460319.500000000 = A.D. 2024-Jan-10 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000552903598080E+00 QR= 1.797418709142949E+00 IN= 8.757152120460530E+01 OM= 8.823241018876962E+01 W = 2.362022405333818E+02 Tp= 2459933.141875156667 N = 5.317460975034739E-06 MA= 2.054444251241087E-03 TA= 1.035148548449376E+02 A =-3.250871789197239E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 2460324.500000000 = A.D. 2024-Jan-15 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 1.000546405027253E+00 QR= 1.797433909288764E+00 IN= 8.757203027331092E+01 OM= 8.823222401997437E+01 W = 2.362023916481005E+02 Tp= 2459933.139764814638 N = 5.223922288790038E-06 MA= 2.044435455530242E-03 TA= 1.039350199161006E+02 A =-3.289563272002036E+03 AD= 9.999999999999998E+99 PR= 9.999999999999998E+99 $$EOE ******************************************************************************* TIME Barycentric Dynamical Time ("TDB" or T_eph) output was requested. This continuous coordinate time is equivalent to the relativistic proper time of a clock at rest in a reference frame co-moving with the solar system barycenter but outside the system's gravity well. It is the independent variable in the solar system relativistic equations of motion. TDB runs at a uniform rate of one SI second per second and is independent of irregularities in Earth's rotation. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. REFERENCE FRAME AND COORDINATES Ecliptic at the standard reference epoch Reference epoch: J2000.0 X-Y plane: adopted Earth orbital plane at the reference epoch Note: IAU76 obliquity of 84381.448 arcseconds wrt ICRF X-Y plane X-axis : ICRF Z-axis : perpendicular to the X-Y plane in the directional (+ or -) sense of Earth's north pole at the reference epoch. Symbol meaning [1 au= 149597870.700 km, 1 day= 86400.0 s]: JDTDB Julian Day Number, Barycentric Dynamical Time EC Eccentricity, e QR Periapsis distance, q (au) IN Inclination w.r.t X-Y plane, i (degrees) OM Longitude of Ascending Node, OMEGA, (degrees) W Argument of Perifocus, w (degrees) Tp Time of periapsis (Julian Day Number) N Mean motion, n (degrees/day) MA Mean anomaly, M (degrees) TA True anomaly, nu (degrees) A Semi-major axis, a (au) AD Apoapsis distance (au) PR Sidereal orbit period (day) ABERRATIONS AND CORRECTIONS Geometric osculating elements have NO corrections or aberrations applied. Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Inquiries : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ******************************************************************************* !$$SOF COMMAND = '2017 K2' TABLE_TYPE = 'ELEMENTS' START_TIME = '2023-11-01' STOP_TIME = '2024-01-15' STEP_SIZE = '5 day' CENTER = '@sun' OUT_UNITS = 'AU-D' utm_source = badastronomy.beehiiv.com utm_medium = referral utm_campaign = i-m-leaving-substack-an-incredible-photo-of-a-comet-and-the-horsehead