******************************************************************************* JPL/HORIZONS Great comet (C/1861 J1) 2024-May-07 12:16:08 Rec #:90001694 Soln.date: - # obs: 1156 (1861-1862) IAU76/J2000 helio. ecliptic osc. elements (au, days, deg., period=Julian yrs): EPOCH= 2400920.5 ! 1861-May-25.0000000 (TDB) RMSW= n.a. EC= .98507 QR= .822384 TP= 2400938.5068000001 OM= 280.9099 W= 330.0841 IN= 85.44240000000001 A= 55.0826523777629 MA= 359.9565871449668 ADIST= 109.3429207555258 PER= 408.8184328332 N= .002410914 ANGMOM= .021978937 DAN= .88061 DDN= 11.16749 L= 278.2920683 B= -29.8117091 TP= 1861-Jun-12.0068000001 Comet physical (GM= km^3/s^2; RAD= km): GM= n.a. RAD= n.a. M1= n.a. M2= n.a. k1= n.a. k2= n.a. PHCOF= n.a. COMET comments 1: soln ref.= SAO_2008, data arc: 1861-05-27 to 1862-05-01 2: epoch may be 2400921.0 (hour ambiguous: 12h/0h); time units are UT, but set to E ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / WWW_USER Tue May 7 12:16:08 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Great comet (C/1861 J1) {source: DASTCOM} Center body name: Solar System Barycenter (0) {source: DE441} Center-site name: BODY CENTER ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 1900-Jan-01 00:00:00.0000 TDB Stop time : A.D. 2000-Jan-01 00:00:00.0000 TDB Step-size : 400 calendar years ******************************************************************************* Center geodetic : 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center radii : (undefined) Keplerian GM : 2.9630927493968080E-04 au^3/d^2 Small perturbers: Yes {source: SB441-N16} Output units : AU-D, deg, Julian Day Number (Tp) Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian Output type : GEOMETRIC osculating elements Output format : 10 Reference frame : Ecliptic of J2000.0 ******************************************************************************* Initial IAU76/J2000 heliocentric ecliptic osculating elements (au, days, deg.): EPOCH= 2400920.5 ! 1861-May-25.0000000 (TDB) RMSW= n.a. EC= .98507 QR= .822384 TP= 2400938.5068000001 OM= 280.9099 W= 330.0841 IN= 85.44240000000001 Equivalent ICRF heliocentric cartesian coordinates (au, au/d): X= 1.858982303452826E-02 Y=-7.962556672707560E-02 Z=-8.848687004691421E-01 VX= 4.890562708690100E-03 VY=-2.348137356412693E-02 VZ= 9.237174540013132E-03 Comet physical (GM= km^3/s^2; RAD= km): GM= n.a. RAD= n.a. M1= n.a. M2= n.a. k1= n.a. k2= n.a. PHCOF= n.a. ******************************************************************************* JDTDB EC QR IN OM W Tp N MA TA A AD PR ******************************************************************************* $$SOE 2415020.500000000 = A.D. 1900-Jan-01 00:00:00.0000 TDB EC= 9.849288999646175E-01 QR= 8.262046394709195E-01 IN= 8.535952126996118E+01 OM= 2.809750955052342E+02 W = 3.301573768302165E+02 Tp= 2400938.763281572610 N = 2.429859933885838E-03 MA= 3.421664785163576E+01 TA= 1.701510550383604E+02 A = 5.482046018746163E+01 AD= 1.088147157354523E+02 PR= 1.481566879553782E+05 $$EOE ******************************************************************************* TIME Barycentric Dynamical Time ("TDB" or T_eph) output was requested. This continuous coordinate time is equivalent to the relativistic proper time of a clock at rest in a reference frame co-moving with the solar system barycenter but outside the system's gravity well. It is the independent variable in the solar system relativistic equations of motion. TDB runs at a uniform rate of one SI second per second and is independent of irregularities in Earth's rotation. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. REFERENCE FRAME AND COORDINATES Ecliptic at the standard reference epoch Reference epoch: J2000.0 X-Y plane: adopted Earth orbital plane at the reference epoch Note: IAU76 obliquity of 84381.448 arcseconds wrt ICRF X-Y plane X-axis : ICRF Z-axis : perpendicular to the X-Y plane in the directional (+ or -) sense of Earth's north pole at the reference epoch. Symbol meaning [1 au= 149597870.700 km, 1 day= 86400.0 s]: JDTDB Julian Day Number, Barycentric Dynamical Time EC Eccentricity, e QR Periapsis distance, q (au) IN Inclination w.r.t X-Y plane, i (degrees) OM Longitude of Ascending Node, OMEGA, (degrees) W Argument of Perifocus, w (degrees) Tp Time of periapsis (Julian Day Number) N Mean motion, n (degrees/day) MA Mean anomaly, M (degrees) TA True anomaly, nu (degrees) A Semi-major axis, a (au) AD Apoapsis distance (au) PR Sidereal orbit period (day) ABERRATIONS AND CORRECTIONS Geometric osculating elements have NO corrections or aberrations applied. Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ******************************************************************************* !$$SOF COMMAND = '1861 J1' TABLE_TYPE = 'ELEMENTS' START_TIME = '1900-01-01' STOP_TIME = '2000-01-01' STEP_SIZE = '400 years' CENTER = '@0' OUT_UNITS = 'AU-D'