******************************************************************************* Revised: Apr 03, 2024 134340 Pluto 999 Pre-computed solution PLU060/DE440. Fit to post New Horizons encounter and Gaia data through 2023. For discussion, see ... M. Brozovic, R. A. Jacobson (2024) "Post-New Horizons orbits and masses for the satellites of Pluto". AJ (in press) PHYSICAL DATA (updated 2021-Jun-07; Mc= Charon mass, radius is IAU 2015): Mass x10^22 (kg) = 1.307+-0.018 Volume, 10^10 km^3 = 0.697 GM (planet) km^3/s^2 = 869.326 Density (R=1195 km) = 1.86 g/cm^3 GM 1-sigma, km^3/s^2 = 0.4 Surface gravity = 0.611 m/s^2 Vol. mean radius (km) = 1188.3+-1.6 Mass ratio (Mc/Mp) = 0.122 Sidereal rot. period = 153.29335198 h Sid. rot. rat, rad/s = 0.0000113856 Mean solar day, h = 153.2820 Mean orbit velocity = 4.67 km/s Sidereal orbit period = 249.58932 yr Escape speed, km/s = 1.21 Perihelion Aphelion Mean Solar Constant (W/m^2) 1.56 0.56 0.88 Maximum Planetary IR (W/m^2) 0.8 0.3 0.5 Minimum Planetary IR (W/m^2) 0.8 0.3 0.5 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / WWW_USER Fri Dec 12 17:48:06 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Pluto (999) {source: plu060_merged} Center body name: Uranus (799) {source: ura184_merged} Center-site name: BODYCENTRIC ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 1960-Jan-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 1980-Apr-25 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 1 calendar year ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : IAU_PLUTO {East-longitude positive} Target radii : 1188.3, 1188.3, 1188.3 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Center geodetic : 0.0, 0.0, -25559.0 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : IAU_URANUS {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 25559.0, 25559.0, 24973.0 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Sun Vis. interferer : ARIEL (R_eq= 581.100) km {source: ura184_merged} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: plu060_merged} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian EOP file : eop.251212.p260310 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-DEC-12. PREDICTS-> 2026-MAR-09 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation (-90.0deg=NO ),Airmass n.a. , Daylight (NO ) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 0.0,180.0=NO ),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) ******************************************************************************* Date__(UT)__HR:MN delta deldot *************************************************** $$SOE 1960-Jan-01 00:00 17.6329225871026 -2.8606964 1961-Jan-01 00:00 17.0591883745982 -2.5537780 1962-Jan-01 00:00 16.5598547835181 -2.2110075 1963-Jan-01 00:00 16.1365976166130 -1.8396817 1964-Jan-01 00:00 15.7917267622720 -1.4480967 1965-Jan-01 00:00 15.5257114224996 -1.0494178 1966-Jan-01 00:00 15.3396749543145 -0.6890853 1967-Jan-01 00:00 15.2310580241893 -0.3460831 1968-Jan-01 00:00 15.1967782435589 -0.0133377 1969-Jan-01 00:00 15.2327462182885 0.3310114 1970-Jan-01 00:00 15.3335332909869 0.6403665 1971-Jan-01 00:00 15.4931936332589 0.9070756 1972-Jan-01 00:00 15.7054051594110 1.1283303 1973-Jan-01 00:00 15.9645266409294 1.3049128 1974-Jan-01 00:00 16.2629321371750 1.4877534 1975-Jan-01 00:00 16.5954229358405 1.6540548 1976-Jan-01 00:00 16.9566408655275 1.7925661 1977-Jan-01 00:00 17.3428804609184 1.8791273 1978-Jan-01 00:00 17.7478052546995 1.9466684 1979-Jan-01 00:00 18.1688767044731 2.0109755 1980-Jan-01 00:00 18.6031112421035 2.0786357 $$EOE ******************************************************************************* Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ******************************************************************************* !$$SOF CENTER = "500@799" COMMAND = 999 QUANTITIES = 20 START_TIME = "1960-1-1" STEP_SIZE = "1 year" STOP_TIME = "1980-4-25"