API VERSION: 1.2
API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API

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 Revised: Apr 27, 2024           Wind Spacecraft  / (Earth)                  -8
                                  https://wind.nasa.gov/
                          https://hpde.io/SMWG/Observatory/Wind
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/25-years-of-science-in-the-solar-wind

 BACKGROUND:

  The primary science objectives of the Wind mission are:
   - Provide plasma, energetic particle, and magnetic field data for 
      magnetospheric and ionospheric studies
   - Investigate plasma processes occurring in the near-Earth solar wind
   - Provide baseline, 1 AU, ecliptic plane observations for inner and outer 
      heliospheric missions

  Wind is a spin-stabilized spacecraft launched on a Delta II 7925-10 rocket
  1994-Nov-1 @ 09:31 UTC from pad 17B at Cape Canaveral, FL.

  The spacecraft has visited many regions of the near-Earth space environment.

  For the first nine months of operation, Wind was placed in a double-lunar 
  swingby orbit near the ecliptic plane, with apogee from 80 to 250 Earth radii 
  and perigee of between 5 and 10 Earth radii. In this orbit, lunar gravity 
  assists were used to keep its apogee over the day hemisphere of the Earth, 
  and magnetospheric observations were made through several orbit passages. 

  Wind was then temporarily inserted into a small amplitude "halo" orbit, 
  about the sunward Sun-Earth gravitational equilibrium point (SEMB-L1), 
  varying from 235 to 265 Earth radii (Re).  

  In 2001 and 2002, Wind had a distant prograde orbit that took it +/- 300 Re 
  leading and lagging Earth. This orbit provided a wide baseline to study solar
  wind structures and correlations. 

  In 2003 (Nov 2003 to Feb 2004), Wind reached the L2 Lagrange point 240 Re 
  anti-sunward from Earth providing a 500 Re spatial separation from ACE solar 
  wind observations along with measurements of the distant Earth magnetotail. 

  In late June of 2004, Wind used its last lunar gravity assist to insert into
  a L1 Lissajous orbit to observe the unperturbed solar wind prior to it 
  impacting the magnetosphere of Earth, providing an approx. one-hour warning 
  of changes in the solar wind.
 
  On June 26, 2020, Wind completed the first halo orbit insertion maneuver. 
  A second was completed on August 31, 2020, a third on November 9, 2020. The 
  maneuvers were necessary to prevent Wind from entering the solar exclusion 
  zone around the solar disk, where solar radio emissions can interfere with 
  spacecraft communications. The halo orbit is an ellipse tilted with respect
  to the ecliptic plane, while Lissajous has an out-of-plane (z) component
  oscillation decoupled from in-plane components. 

  Wind currently has enough fuel to continue its mission at L1 into the 2070s.
 
 SPACECRAFT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
  Bus size   : 2.4 x 1.8 m cylinder
  Power      : 370 Watts (body mounted solar panels)
  Launch mass: 1250 kg
  Dry mass   : 950 kg
  Extension  : Long wire spin-plane antennas, inertial booms, and spin-plane 
               appendages to support sensors. Experiment booms deployed along 
               both Z axes. 
  Spin rate  : 20 rpm (~3 s period) w/axis < 1 degree from normal to ecliptic
               (spacecraft +Z spin axis aligned with south ecliptic pole)
 
 SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS
   1. Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI)
   2. Solar Wind Experiment (SWE) 
       Faraday Cup - Ion Data
       Electron Data
   3. 3D Plasma Analyzer
   4. SMS Suprathermal Particle Data
   5. EPACT High Energy Particle Data
   6. WAVES Radio and Plasma Waves Data
   7. KONUS and TGRS Data (gamma ray)

 SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY: 
  This trajectory is a concatenation of weekly predictions provided by GSFC.
  Based on tracking data up to 2024-Apr-22, prediction thereafter.

  Trajectory currently starts in 2019, but will eventually be extended to
  earlier dates.

  Trajectory name               Start        Stop
  ----------------------------  -----------  -----------
  Wind_merged                   2019-Oct-08  2024-Jul-16
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