API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Jul 05, 2025 Wind Spacecraft / (Earth) -8 https://wind.nasa.gov/ https://hpde.io/SMWG/Observatory/Wind https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/25-years-of-science-in-the-solar-wind BACKGROUND: The primary science objectives of the Wind mission are: - Provide plasma, energetic particle, and magnetic field data for magnetospheric and ionospheric studies - Investigate plasma processes occurring in the near-Earth solar wind - Provide baseline, 1 AU, ecliptic plane observations for inner and outer heliospheric missions Wind is a spin-stabilized spacecraft launched on a Delta II 7925-10 rocket 1994-Nov-1 @ 09:31 UTC from pad 17B at Cape Canaveral, FL. The spacecraft has visited many regions of the near-Earth space environment. For the first nine months of operation, Wind was placed in a double-lunar swingby orbit near the ecliptic plane, with apogee from 80 to 250 Earth radii and perigee of between 5 and 10 Earth radii. In this orbit, lunar gravity assists were used to keep its apogee over the day hemisphere of the Earth, and magnetospheric observations were made through several orbit passages. Wind was then temporarily inserted into a small amplitude "halo" orbit, about the sunward Sun-Earth gravitational equilibrium point (SEMB-L1), varying from 235 to 265 Earth radii (Re). In 2001 and 2002, Wind had a distant prograde orbit that took it +/- 300 Re leading and lagging Earth. This orbit provided a wide baseline to study solar wind structures and correlations. In 2003 (Nov 2003 to Feb 2004), Wind reached the L2 Lagrange point 240 Re anti-sunward from Earth providing a 500 Re spatial separation from ACE solar wind observations along with measurements of the distant Earth magnetotail. In late June of 2004, Wind used its last lunar gravity assist to insert into a L1 Lissajous orbit to observe the unperturbed solar wind prior to it impacting the magnetosphere of Earth, providing an approx. one-hour warning of changes in the solar wind. On June 26, 2020, Wind completed the first halo orbit insertion maneuver. A second was completed on August 31, 2020, a third on November 9, 2020. The maneuvers were necessary to prevent Wind from entering the solar exclusion zone around the solar disk, where solar radio emissions can interfere with spacecraft communications. The halo orbit is an ellipse tilted with respect to the ecliptic plane, while Lissajous has an out-of-plane (z) component oscillation decoupled from in-plane components. Wind currently has enough fuel to continue its mission at L1 into the 2070s. SPACECRAFT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Bus size : 2.4 x 1.8 m cylinder Power : 370 Watts (body mounted solar panels) Launch mass: 1250 kg Dry mass : 950 kg Extension : Long wire spin-plane antennas, inertial booms, and spin-plane appendages to support sensors. Experiment booms deployed along both Z axes. Spin rate : 20 rpm (~3 s period) w/axis < 1 degree from normal to ecliptic (spacecraft +Z spin axis aligned with south ecliptic pole) SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS 1. Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) 2. Solar Wind Experiment (SWE) Faraday Cup - Ion Data Electron Data 3. 3D Plasma Analyzer 4. SMS Suprathermal Particle Data 5. EPACT High Energy Particle Data 6. WAVES Radio and Plasma Waves Data 7. KONUS and TGRS Data (gamma ray) SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY: This trajectory is a concatenation of weekly prediction provided by GSFC. Based on tracking data through 2025-Jun-30, prediction thereafter. Trajectory name Start Stop ---------------------------- ----------- ----------- Wind_merged 1994-Nov-01 2025-Sep-22 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Tue Jul 15 01:10:42 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Wind (spacecraft) (-8) {source: Wind_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: iTelescope Obs.,Beryl Junc. (Sato) ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2025-Jul-06 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2025-Jul-20 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 246.3025, 37.7377919, 1.56349 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 246.3025,5051.53114,3883.42609 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.250714.p251010 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-JUL-14. PREDICTS-> 2025-OCT-09 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Solar Elongation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-10 11:20 Nr 06 28 09.71 +25 42 27.5 56.369841 -0.414831 n.a. n.a. 1.005565260343 0.0164807 0.01124612168915 -0.3186119 12.0135 /L 167.8531 172.9/ 99.5813 n.a. n.a. 1.9201952 60.084767 -50.67461 2025-Jul-10 11:30 Nm 06 28 10.89 +25 42 37.3 57.891470 1.248777 n.a. n.a. 1.005565326372 0.0164451 0.01124483315110 -0.3238446 12.0164 /L 167.8502 172.9/ 99.5881 n.a. n.a. 1.8356519 57.866371 -52.38852 2025-Jul-10 11:40 Nm 06 28 12.00 +25 42 47.1 59.383385 2.940268 n.a. n.a. 1.005565392258 0.0164095 0.01124352481424 -0.3284834 12.0195 /L 167.8470 172.8/ 99.5949 n.a. n.a. 1.7514520 55.460656 -54.07205 2025-Jul-10 11:50 Nm 06 28 13.03 +25 42 57.2 60.847626 4.657988 n.a. n.a. 1.005565458001 0.0163738 0.01124219907931 -0.3325191 12.0230 /L 167.8435 172.8/ 99.6018 n.a. n.a. 1.6680952 52.842240 -55.71840 2025-Jul-10 12:00 C 06 28 13.96 +25 43 07.4 62.286266 6.400364 n.a. n.a. 1.005565523601 0.0163382 0.01124085838110 -0.3359439 12.0268 /L 167.8397 172.7/ 99.6086 n.a. n.a. 1.5861427 49.982694 -57.31937 2025-Jul-10 12:10 C 06 28 14.82 +25 43 17.6 63.701406 8.165898 n.a. n.a. 1.005565589058 0.0163025 0.01123950518386 -0.3387509 12.0309 /L 167.8356 172.6/ 99.6155 n.a. n.a. 1.5062266 46.850723 -58.86502 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-11 11:20 Nm 06 29 18.54 +25 39 24.8 56.836407 0.011605 n.a. n.a. 1.005573226008 0.0111739 0.01123915857363 -0.3189669 12.6850 /L 167.1743 160.8/ 99.5016 n.a. n.a. 1.9192774 60.197018 -50.73669 2025-Jul-11 11:30 Nm 06 29 19.73 +25 39 34.4 58.350159 1.683810 n.a. n.a. 1.005573270751 0.0111375 0.01123786893709 -0.3240377 12.6878 /L 167.1715 160.7/ 99.4965 n.a. n.a. 1.8338039 57.989793 -52.45007 2025-Jul-11 11:40 Nm 06 29 20.84 +25 39 44.3 59.834764 3.383408 n.a. n.a. 1.005573315348 0.0111012 0.01123656015685 -0.3285117 12.6910 /L 167.1683 160.7/ 99.4912 n.a. n.a. 1.7486894 55.595089 -54.13421 2025-Jul-11 11:50 Nm 06 29 21.86 +25 39 54.3 61.292276 5.108767 n.a. n.a. 1.005573359799 0.0110648 0.01123523464435 -0.3323802 12.6944 /L 167.1649 160.6/ 99.4857 n.a. n.a. 1.6644313 52.987229 -55.78239 2025-Jul-11 12:00 Cm 06 29 22.80 +25 40 04.4 62.724780 6.858336 n.a. n.a. 1.005573404104 0.0110284 0.01123389484384 -0.3356355 12.6982 /L 167.1611 160.5/ 99.4801 n.a. n.a. 1.5815884 50.137358 -57.38643 2025-Jul-11 12:10 Cm 06 29 23.65 +25 40 14.6 64.134389 8.630637 n.a. n.a. 1.005573448263 0.0109920 0.01123254322773 -0.3382713 12.7023 /L 167.1570 160.5/ 99.4743 n.a. n.a. 1.5007904 47.013583 -58.93644 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-12 11:20 Nm 06 30 30.92 +25 36 10.6 57.294293 0.428760 n.a. n.a. 1.005578156036 0.0058797 0.01123283249824 -0.3195898 13.3451 /L 166.5071 148.1/ 97.2332 n.a. n.a. 1.9227632 60.417528 -50.75632 2025-Jul-12 11:30 Nm 06 30 32.11 +25 36 20.2 58.800530 2.109285 n.a. n.a. 1.005578179543 0.0058426 0.01123154068138 -0.3245023 13.3479 /L 166.5044 148.0/ 97.2172 n.a. n.a. 1.8362508 58.232232 -52.46841 2025-Jul-12 11:40 Nm 06 30 33.22 +25 36 30.0 60.278179 3.816727 n.a. n.a. 1.005578202902 0.0058054 0.01123023036116 -0.3288154 13.3510 /L 166.5012 147.9/ 97.2008 n.a. n.a. 1.7500927 55.860660 -54.15285 2025-Jul-12 11:50 Nm 06 30 34.25 +25 36 40.0 61.729308 5.549476 n.a. n.a. 1.005578226111 0.0057682 0.01122890395920 -0.3325205 13.3544 /L 166.4978 147.9/ 97.1842 n.a. n.a. 1.6647804 53.277000 -55.80306 2025-Jul-12 12:00 Cm 06 30 35.19 +25 36 50.0 63.156017 7.306001 n.a. n.a. 1.005578249172 0.0057311 0.01122756392870 -0.3356104 13.3581 /L 166.4941 147.8/ 97.1672 n.a. n.a. 1.5808661 50.452126 -57.41103 2025-Jul-12 12:10 Cm 06 30 36.05 +25 37 00.1 64.560430 9.084844 n.a. n.a. 1.005578272083 0.0056939 0.01122621274971 -0.3380790 13.3621 /L 166.4900 147.7/ 97.1499 n.a. n.a. 1.4989725 47.353668 -58.96700 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-13 11:20 Nm 06 31 47.40 +25 32 44.3 57.742433 0.834710 n.a. n.a. 1.005579995799 0.0004720 0.01122696742379 -0.3204996 13.9912 /L 165.8541 135.0/ 92.7391 n.a. n.a. 1.9308825 60.752354 -50.73250 2025-Jul-13 11:30 Nm 06 31 48.60 +25 32 53.9 59.241537 2.523262 n.a. n.a. 1.005579997616 0.0004341 0.01122567226729 -0.3252581 13.9939 /L 165.8513 135.0/ 92.7133 n.a. n.a. 1.8432177 58.600158 -52.44245 2025-Jul-13 11:40 Nm 06 31 49.72 +25 33 03.6 60.712605 4.238272 n.a. n.a. 1.005579999281 0.0003961 0.01122435923041 -0.3294146 13.9970 /L 165.8483 134.9/ 92.6871 n.a. n.a. 1.7558818 56.264329 -54.12677 2025-Jul-13 11:50 Nm 06 31 50.75 +25 33 13.4 62.157720 5.978149 n.a. n.a. 1.005580000794 0.0003581 0.01122303074442 -0.3329609 14.0003 /L 165.8449 134.8/ 92.6606 n.a. n.a. 1.6693570 53.719109 -55.77912 2025-Jul-13 12:00 Cm 06 31 51.70 +25 33 23.4 63.578990 7.741382 n.a. n.a. 1.005580002154 0.0003202 0.01122168927094 -0.3358900 14.0040 /L 165.8412 134.8/ 92.6336 n.a. n.a. 1.5841843 50.935286 -57.39177 2025-Jul-13 12:10 Cm 06 31 52.57 +25 33 33.5 64.978557 9.526533 n.a. n.a. 1.005580003362 0.0002822 0.01122033729720 -0.3381962 14.0080 /L 165.8372 134.7/ 92.6063 n.a. n.a. 1.5009745 47.880175 -58.95525 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-14 11:10 Ar 06 33 07.23 +25 28 55.5 56.657966 -0.441022 n.a. n.a. 1.005578699022 -0.0050134 0.01122260097056 -0.3166189 14.6188 /L 165.2198 121.8/ 86.1429 n.a. n.a. 2.0321061 63.145233 -48.95703 2025-Jul-14 11:20 Nm 06 33 08.53 +25 29 04.8 58.179903 1.227591 n.a. n.a. 1.005578678837 -0.0050521 0.01122132048728 -0.3218236 14.6211 /L 165.2174 121.8/ 86.1086 n.a. n.a. 1.9433243 61.193711 -50.68203 2025-Jul-14 11:30 Nm 06 33 09.74 +25 29 14.3 59.672279 2.923869 n.a. n.a. 1.005578658496 -0.0050909 0.01122002032040 -0.3264329 14.6238 /L 165.2148 121.7/ 86.0741 n.a. n.a. 1.8544069 59.084754 -52.38864 2025-Jul-14 11:40 Nm 06 33 10.88 +25 29 23.9 61.137159 4.646161 n.a. n.a. 1.005578638000 -0.0051297 0.01121870287657 -0.3304378 14.6268 /L 165.2118 121.6/ 86.0392 n.a. n.a. 1.7657751 56.796150 -54.07198 2025-Jul-14 11:50 Nm 06 33 11.92 +25 29 33.7 62.576640 6.392897 n.a. n.a. 1.005578617348 -0.0051685 0.01121737059617 -0.3338303 14.6300 /L 165.2085 121.6/ 86.0041 n.a. n.a. 1.6778982 54.302383 -55.72606 2025-Jul-14 12:00 Cm 06 33 12.88 +25 29 43.6 63.992845 8.162583 n.a. n.a. 1.005578596541 -0.0052073 0.01121602594871 -0.3366038 14.6336 /L 165.2049 121.5/ 85.9686 n.a. n.a. 1.5913027 51.574355 -57.34350 2025-Jul-14 12:10 Cm 06 33 13.76 +25 29 53.6 65.387928 9.953799 n.a. n.a. 1.005578575578 -0.0052461 0.01121467142816 -0.3387529 14.6376 /L 165.2009 121.4/ 85.9328 n.a. n.a. 1.5065826 48.579262 -58.91525 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-15 11:10 Am 06 34 33.46 +25 25 01.9 57.090877 -0.070773 n.a. n.a. 1.005574180128 -0.0106549 0.01121686713137 -0.3186112 15.2305 /L 164.6015 108.3/ 77.6118 n.a. n.a. 2.0496446 63.632702 -48.90568 2025-Jul-15 11:20 Nm 06 34 34.78 +25 25 11.1 58.605991 1.605708 n.a. n.a. 1.005574137315 -0.0106945 0.01121557894140 -0.3236746 15.2328 /L 164.5992 108.3/ 77.5695 n.a. n.a. 1.9595750 61.728253 -50.62359 2025-Jul-15 11:30 Nm 06 34 36.01 +25 25 20.5 60.092058 3.309407 n.a. n.a. 1.005574094342 -0.0107341 0.01121427164031 -0.3281399 15.2354 /L 164.5967 108.2/ 77.5272 n.a. n.a. 1.8693249 59.671042 -52.32535 2025-Jul-15 11:40 Nm 06 34 37.16 +25 25 30.1 61.551159 5.038693 n.a. n.a. 1.005574051211 -0.0107737 0.01121294764446 -0.3319984 15.2383 /L 164.5938 108.2/ 77.4848 n.a. n.a. 1.7793027 57.439325 -54.00645 2025-Jul-15 11:50 Nm 06 34 38.22 +25 25 39.7 62.985402 6.792013 n.a. n.a. 1.005574007920 -0.0108133 0.01121160940283 -0.3352427 15.2415 /L 164.5905 108.1/ 77.4422 n.a. n.a. 1.6899625 55.008013 -55.66128 2025-Jul-15 12:00 Cm 06 34 39.20 +25 25 49.5 64.396924 8.567894 n.a. n.a. 1.005573964471 -0.0108529 0.01121025939238 -0.3378663 15.2450 /L 164.5870 108.0/ 77.3995 n.a. n.a. 1.6018130 52.348328 -57.28295 2025-Jul-15 12:10 Cm 06 34 40.09 +25 25 59.4 65.787894 10.364931 n.a. n.a. 1.005573920863 -0.0108926 0.01120890011334 -0.3398639 15.2488 /L 164.5831 108.0/ 77.3566 n.a. n.a. 1.5154277 49.427563 -58.86293 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-16 11:10 Am 06 36 05.18 +25 20 52.9 57.511514 0.283598 n.a. n.a. 1.005566368724 -0.0164150 0.01121067041432 -0.3212137 15.8224 /L 164.0033 94.7/ 67.5364 n.a. n.a. 2.0703378 64.189954 -48.86714 2025-Jul-16 11:20 Nm 06 36 06.51 +25 21 02.1 59.020248 1.967624 n.a. n.a. 1.005566302806 -0.0164554 0.01120937206030 -0.3261409 15.8246 /L 164.0012 94.6/ 67.4869 n.a. n.a. 1.9789331 62.338240 -50.57622 2025-Jul-16 11:30 Nm 06 36 07.76 +25 21 11.4 60.500437 3.678439 n.a. n.a. 1.005566236726 -0.0164958 0.01120805514593 -0.3304677 15.8271 /L 163.9987 94.6/ 67.4377 n.a. n.a. 1.8872946 60.339202 -52.27148 2025-Jul-16 11:40 Nm 06 36 08.93 +25 21 20.9 61.954175 5.414430 n.a. n.a. 1.005566170485 -0.0165362 0.01120672209678 -0.3341856 15.8299 /L 163.9959 94.5/ 67.3887 n.a. n.a. 1.7958164 58.171701 -53.94878 2025-Jul-16 11:50 Nm 06 36 10.01 +25 21 30.4 63.383583 7.174064 n.a. n.a. 1.005566104081 -0.0165767 0.01120537536992 -0.3372873 15.8330 /L 163.9927 94.4/ 67.3398 n.a. n.a. 1.7049356 55.811240 -55.60297 2025-Jul-16 12:00 Cm 06 36 11.00 +25 21 40.1 64.790812 8.955883 n.a. n.a. 1.005566037514 -0.0166171 0.01120401744932 -0.3397667 15.8365 /L 163.9893 94.4/ 67.2910 n.a. n.a. 1.6151410 53.229549 -57.22770 2025-Jul-16 12:10 Cm 06 36 11.91 +25 21 49.8 66.178044 10.758499 n.a. n.a. 1.005565970786 -0.0166576 0.01120265084106 -0.3416189 15.8402 /L 163.9855 94.3/ 67.2422 n.a. n.a. 1.5269830 50.394244 -58.81504 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-17 11:10 Am 06 37 42.63 +25 16 27.6 57.919713 0.620978 n.a. n.a. 1.005555196624 -0.0222924 0.01120359956036 -0.3244817 16.3933 /L 163.4264 80.9/ 56.4054 n.a. n.a. 2.0933065 64.798520 -48.85921 2025-Jul-17 11:20 Nm 06 37 43.98 +25 16 36.7 59.422518 2.312232 n.a. n.a. 1.005555107132 -0.0223336 0.01120228836181 -0.3292783 16.3954 /L 163.4244 80.8/ 56.3499 n.a. n.a. 2.0005416 63.003142 -50.55784 2025-Jul-17 11:30 Nm 06 37 45.25 +25 16 45.9 60.897264 4.029864 n.a. n.a. 1.005555017475 -0.0223749 0.01120095913164 -0.3334721 16.3978 /L 163.4220 80.8/ 56.2949 n.a. n.a. 1.9074848 61.066380 -52.24493 2025-Jul-17 11:40 Nm 06 37 46.44 +25 16 55.2 62.346058 5.772280 n.a. n.a. 1.005554927652 -0.0224161 0.01119961430413 -0.3370550 16.4005 /L 163.4193 80.7/ 56.2404 n.a. n.a. 1.8145153 58.967801 -53.91676 2025-Jul-17 11:50 Nm 06 37 47.54 +25 17 04.6 63.771037 7.537963 n.a. n.a. 1.005554837664 -0.0224573 0.01119825634402 -0.3400199 16.4035 /L 163.4162 80.6/ 56.1863 n.a. n.a. 1.7220525 56.683631 -55.56866 2025-Jul-17 12:00 Cm 06 37 48.55 +25 17 14.2 65.174363 9.325471 n.a. n.a. 1.005554747510 -0.0224986 0.01119688774184 -0.3423611 16.4069 /L 163.4129 80.6/ 56.1326 n.a. n.a. 1.6305643 54.186270 -57.19483 2025-Jul-17 12:10 Cm 06 37 49.48 +25 17 23.8 66.558236 11.133431 n.a. n.a. 1.005554657191 -0.0225398 0.01119551100916 -0.3440737 16.4105 /L 163.4092 80.5/ 56.0793 n.a. n.a. 1.5405764 51.443863 -58.78802 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-18 11:10 Am 06 39 25.93 +25 11 44.8 58.315628 0.940634 n.a. n.a. 1.005540596703 -0.0282847 0.01119522393177 -0.3284318 16.9426 /L 162.8715 67.0/ 44.8079 n.a. n.a. 2.1175650 65.438914 -48.89684 2025-Jul-18 11:20 Nm 06 39 27.30 +25 11 53.7 59.812952 2.638813 n.a. n.a. 1.005540483175 -0.0283268 0.01119389714274 -0.3331030 16.9446 /L 162.8695 66.9/ 44.7480 n.a. n.a. 2.0234357 63.701391 -50.58367 2025-Jul-18 11:30 Nm 06 39 28.60 +25 12 02.8 61.282687 4.362977 n.a. n.a. 1.005540369479 -0.0283688 0.01119255282915 -0.3371694 16.9468 /L 162.8672 66.9/ 44.6889 n.a. n.a. 1.9289554 61.828652 -52.26113 2025-Jul-18 11:40 Nm 06 39 29.81 +25 12 12.0 62.726956 6.111549 n.a. n.a. 1.005540255615 -0.0284108 0.01119119343353 -0.3406228 16.9495 /L 162.8646 66.8/ 44.6305 n.a. n.a. 1.8344886 59.801036 -53.92589 2025-Jul-18 11:50 Nm 06 39 30.93 +25 12 21.3 64.147907 7.883027 n.a. n.a. 1.005540141582 -0.0284528 0.01118982142786 -0.3434567 16.9524 /L 162.8617 66.7/ 44.5729 n.a. n.a. 1.7404369 57.595572 -55.57377 2025-Jul-18 12:00 Cm 06 39 31.97 +25 12 30.8 65.547719 9.675986 n.a. n.a. 1.005540027380 -0.0284948 0.01118843930889 -0.3456653 16.9556 /L 162.8584 66.7/ 44.5159 n.a. n.a. 1.6472471 55.185455 -57.19954 2025-Jul-18 12:10 Cm 06 39 32.92 +25 12 40.2 66.928604 11.489065 n.a. n.a. 1.005539913010 -0.0285369 0.01118704959336 -0.3472442 16.9592 /L 162.8548 66.6/ 44.4596 n.a. n.a. 1.5554200 52.539522 -58.79665 2025-Jul-18 12:20 Cm 06 39 33.78 +25 12 49.7 68.292814 13.320968 n.a. n.a. 1.005539798471 -0.0285789 0.01118565481328 -0.3481904 16.9631 /L 162.8509 66.5/ 44.4038 n.a. n.a. 1.4655220 49.621811 -60.35689 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-19 11:00 Ar 06 41 13.59 +25 06 34.9 57.178200 -0.435315 n.a. n.a. 1.005522641350 -0.0343460 0.01118644378492 -0.3278870 17.4685 /L 162.3401 53.1/ 33.4616 n.a. n.a. 2.2368376 67.659290 -47.31168 2025-Jul-19 11:10 Am 06 41 15.07 +25 06 43.6 58.699722 1.242249 n.a. n.a. 1.005522503511 -0.0343887 0.01118511822587 -0.3330363 17.4700 /L 162.3386 53.0/ 33.3990 n.a. n.a. 2.1420878 66.092170 -48.99080 2025-Jul-19 11:20 Am 06 41 16.47 +25 06 52.4 60.192005 2.947067 n.a. n.a. 1.005522365500 -0.0344315 0.01118377321139 -0.3375873 17.4719 /L 162.3367 53.0/ 33.3375 n.a. n.a. 2.0466085 64.412095 -50.66487 2025-Jul-19 11:30 Nm 06 41 17.78 +25 07 01.3 61.657154 4.677495 n.a. n.a. 1.005522227318 -0.0344743 0.01118241115877 -0.3415314 17.4741 /L 162.3345 52.9/ 33.2769 n.a. n.a. 1.9507212 62.602944 -52.33155 2025-Jul-19 11:40 Nm 06 41 19.01 +25 07 10.4 63.097307 6.431970 n.a. n.a. 1.005522088964 -0.0345171 0.01118103451839 -0.3448607 17.4766 /L 162.3320 52.8/ 33.2172 n.a. n.a. 1.8547763 60.645847 -53.98789 2025-Jul-19 11:50 Nm 06 41 20.16 +25 07 19.6 64.514624 8.209008 n.a. n.a. 1.005521950439 -0.0345599 0.01117964576911 -0.3475688 17.4795 /L 162.3291 52.7/ 33.1584 n.a. n.a. 1.7591586 58.518680 -55.63018 2025-Jul-19 12:00 Cm 06 41 21.22 +25 07 28.9 65.911299 10.007194 n.a. n.a. 1.005521811742 -0.0346027 0.01117824741357 -0.3496503 17.4826 /L 162.3260 52.7/ 33.1005 n.a. n.a. 1.6642943 56.195497 -57.25375 2025-Jul-19 12:10 Cm 06 41 22.19 +25 07 38.2 67.289561 11.825183 n.a. n.a. 1.005521672873 -0.0346455 0.01117684197342 -0.3511011 17.4861 /L 162.3225 52.6/ 33.0434 n.a. n.a. 1.5706601 53.645938 -58.85270 2025-Jul-19 12:20 Cm 06 41 23.08 +25 07 47.5 68.651678 13.661689 n.a. n.a. 1.005521533833 -0.0346883 0.01117543198454 -0.3519182 17.4899 /L 162.3187 52.5/ 32.9872 n.a. n.a. 1.4787943 50.834657 -60.41962 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************