API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Apr 07, 2026 Wind Spacecraft / (Earth) -8 https://wind.nasa.gov/ https://hpde.io/SMWG/Observatory/Wind https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/25-years-of-science-in-the-solar-wind BACKGROUND: The primary science objectives of the Wind mission are: - Provide plasma, energetic particle, and magnetic field data for magnetospheric and ionospheric studies - Investigate plasma processes occurring in the near-Earth solar wind - Provide baseline, 1 AU, ecliptic plane observations for inner and outer heliospheric missions Wind is a spin-stabilized spacecraft launched on a Delta II 7925-10 rocket 1994-Nov-1 @ 09:31 UTC from pad 17B at Cape Canaveral, FL. The spacecraft has visited many regions of the near-Earth space environment. For the first nine months of operation, Wind was placed in a double-lunar swingby orbit near the ecliptic plane, with apogee from 80 to 250 Earth radii and perigee of between 5 and 10 Earth radii. In this orbit, lunar gravity assists were used to keep its apogee over the day hemisphere of the Earth, and magnetospheric observations were made through several orbit passages. Wind was then temporarily inserted into a small amplitude "halo" orbit, about the sunward Sun-Earth gravitational equilibrium point (SEMB-L1), varying from 235 to 265 Earth radii (Re). In 2001 and 2002, Wind had a distant prograde orbit that took it +/- 300 Re leading and lagging Earth. This orbit provided a wide baseline to study solar wind structures and correlations. In 2003 (Nov 2003 to Feb 2004), Wind reached the L2 Lagrange point 240 Re anti-sunward from Earth providing a 500 Re spatial separation from ACE solar wind observations along with measurements of the distant Earth magnetotail. In late June of 2004, Wind used its last lunar gravity assist to insert into a L1 Lissajous orbit to observe the unperturbed solar wind prior to it impacting the magnetosphere of Earth, providing an approx. one-hour warning of changes in the solar wind. On June 26, 2020, Wind completed the first halo orbit insertion maneuver. A second was completed on August 31, 2020, a third on November 9, 2020. The maneuvers were necessary to prevent Wind from entering the solar exclusion zone around the solar disk, where solar radio emissions can interfere with spacecraft communications. The halo orbit is an ellipse tilted with respect to the ecliptic plane, while Lissajous has an out-of-plane (z) component oscillation decoupled from in-plane components. Wind currently has enough fuel to continue its mission at L1 into the 2070s. SPACECRAFT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Bus size : 2.4 x 1.8 m cylinder Power : 370 Watts (body mounted solar panels) Launch mass: 1250 kg Dry mass : 950 kg Extension : Long wire spin-plane antennas, inertial booms, and spin-plane appendages to support sensors. Experiment booms deployed along both Z axes. Spin rate : 20 rpm (~3 s period) w/axis < 1 degree from normal to ecliptic (spacecraft +Z spin axis aligned with south ecliptic pole) SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS 1. Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) 2. Solar Wind Experiment (SWE) Faraday Cup - Ion Data Electron Data 3. 3D Plasma Analyzer 4. SMS Suprathermal Particle Data 5. EPACT High Energy Particle Data 6. WAVES Radio and Plasma Waves Data 7. KONUS and TGRS Data (gamma ray) SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY: This trajectory is a concatenation of weekly prediction provided by GSFC. Based on tracking data through 2026-Apr-06, prediction thereafter. Trajectory name Start Stop ---------------------------- ----------- ----------- Wind_merged 1994-Nov-01 2026-Jun-30 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Thu Apr 16 14:38:40 2026 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Wind (spacecraft) (-8) {source: Wind_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: iTelescope Obs., Siding Spring ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2025-Jul-19 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2025-Aug-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 149.0644, -31.2733577, 1.16499 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 149.0644,5457.31536,-3292.4397 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.260415.p260711 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2026-APR-15. PREDICTS-> 2026-JUL-10 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-19 20:00 Ar 06 42 00.82 +25 20 55.2 60.313523 -0.493600 n.a. n.a. 1.005514931952 -0.0366669 0.01118213663687 -0.3655865 17.6936 /L 162.1127 47.9/ 29.4374 n.a. n.a. 1.0180873 14.794453 -69.37297 2025-Jul-19 20:10 Nm 06 42 00.96 +25 21 05.0 59.001997 1.353509 n.a. n.a. 1.005514784804 -0.0367100 0.01118067950323 -0.3609393 17.7001 /L 162.1061 47.8/ 29.3895 n.a. n.a. 0.9778485 8.0774947 -69.89003 2025-Jul-19 20:20 Nm 06 42 01.02 +25 21 14.6 57.653983 3.175271 n.a. n.a. 1.005514637483 -0.0367530 0.01117924231881 -0.3556399 17.7070 /L 162.0992 47.8/ 29.3421 n.a. n.a. 0.9498067 0.9996268 -70.15549 2025-Jul-19 20:30 Nm 06 42 00.98 +25 21 24.0 56.267146 4.969928 n.a. n.a. 1.005514489989 -0.0367961 0.01117782767918 -0.3496985 17.7142 /L 162.0920 47.7/ 29.2951 n.a. n.a. 0.9345278 353.71643 -70.14620 2025-Jul-19 20:40 Cm 06 42 00.86 +25 21 33.1 54.839114 6.735605 n.a. n.a. 1.005514342322 -0.0368391 0.01117643813744 -0.3431262 17.7217 /L 162.0844 47.6/ 29.2486 n.a. n.a. 0.9320166 346.41430 -69.84855 2025-Jul-19 20:50 Cm 06 42 00.66 +25 21 42.1 53.367488 8.470297 n.a. n.a. 1.005514194483 -0.0368822 0.01117507619934 -0.3359355 17.7295 /L 162.0766 47.6/ 29.2024 n.a. n.a. 0.9416772 339.28153 -69.26022 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-20 20:00 Ar 06 43 57.43 +25 15 28.9 60.130313 -0.070126 n.a. n.a. 1.005491954702 -0.0429192 0.01116893148882 -0.3691661 18.1921 /L 161.6092 34.0/ 19.4012 n.a. n.a. 1.0066037 16.553615 -69.79013 2025-Jul-20 20:10 Nm 06 43 57.59 +25 15 38.5 58.810826 1.773401 n.a. n.a. 1.005491782476 -0.0429630 0.01116746026117 -0.3643889 18.1986 /L 161.6027 33.9/ 19.3572 n.a. n.a. 0.9624178 9.8356155 -70.37714 2025-Jul-20 20:20 Nm 06 43 57.67 +25 15 47.9 57.454394 3.591282 n.a. n.a. 1.005491610074 -0.0430068 0.01116600950089 -0.3589611 18.2054 /L 161.5958 33.8/ 19.3140 n.a. n.a. 0.9304076 2.6982593 -70.71798 2025-Jul-20 20:30 Nm 06 43 57.66 +25 15 57.0 56.058665 5.381735 n.a. n.a. 1.005491437496 -0.0430506 0.01116458179699 -0.3528931 18.2125 /L 161.5887 33.8/ 19.2714 n.a. n.a. 0.9113021 355.29319 -70.78615 2025-Jul-20 20:40 Cm 06 43 57.56 +25 16 06.0 54.621249 7.142859 n.a. n.a. 1.005491264743 -0.0430944 0.01116317969508 -0.3461961 18.2199 /L 161.5812 33.7/ 19.2294 n.a. n.a. 0.9052697 347.81313 -70.56434 2025-Jul-20 20:50 Cm 06 43 57.37 +25 16 14.7 53.139729 8.872622 n.a. n.a. 1.005491091814 -0.0431382 0.01116180569238 -0.3388829 18.2276 /L 161.5735 33.6/ 19.1879 n.a. n.a. 0.9118416 340.46212 -70.04689 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-21 20:00 Am 06 45 59.36 +25 09 42.8 59.961406 0.339765 n.a. n.a. 1.005465335436 -0.0492791 0.01115316249878 -0.3732318 18.6706 /L 161.1260 20.1/ 11.0716 n.a. n.a. 0.9952269 18.233056 -70.22699 2025-Jul-21 20:10 Nm 06 45 59.54 +25 09 52.2 58.634130 2.179972 n.a. n.a. 1.005465137700 -0.0493237 0.01115167521818 -0.3683292 18.6770 /L 161.1195 20.1/ 11.0345 n.a. n.a. 0.9473216 11.516753 -70.87879 2025-Jul-21 20:20 Nm 06 45 59.63 +25 10 01.4 57.269469 3.994246 n.a. n.a. 1.005464939785 -0.0493682 0.01115020890469 -0.3627776 18.6837 /L 161.1128 20.0/ 10.9981 n.a. n.a. 0.9115597 4.3234987 -71.29031 2025-Jul-21 20:30 Nm 06 45 59.64 +25 10 10.4 55.865050 5.780783 n.a. n.a. 1.005464741692 -0.0494128 0.01114876614116 -0.3565873 18.6907 /L 161.1057 19.9/ 10.9623 n.a. n.a. 0.8888306 356.79931 -71.43198 2025-Jul-21 20:40 Cm 06 45 59.56 +25 10 19.1 54.418467 7.537655 n.a. n.a. 1.005464543420 -0.0494573 0.01114734946598 -0.3497701 18.6980 /L 161.0983 19.9/ 10.9272 n.a. n.a. 0.8794683 349.14178 -71.28289 2025-Jul-21 20:50 Cm 06 45 59.39 +25 10 27.6 52.927284 9.262806 n.a. n.a. 1.005464344969 -0.0495019 0.01114596136826 -0.3423387 18.7056 /L 161.0906 19.8/ 10.8926 n.a. n.a. 0.8831385 341.57036 -70.83399 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-22 20:00 Am 06 48 06.22 +25 03 36.6 59.806182 0.737435 n.a. n.a. 1.005435009931 -0.0557497 0.01113461744752 -0.3776107 19.1302 /L 160.6618 6.925/ 4.9237 n.a. n.a. 0.9837293 19.791708 -70.67769 2025-Jul-22 20:10 Nm 06 48 06.42 +25 03 45.8 58.471276 2.574576 n.a. n.a. 1.005434786241 -0.0557951 0.01113311284950 -0.3725869 19.1366 /L 160.6554 6.860/ 4.8967 n.a. n.a. 0.9324083 13.075241 -71.38767 2025-Jul-22 20:20 Nm 06 48 06.53 +25 03 54.8 57.098557 4.385510 n.a. n.a. 1.005434562370 -0.0558404 0.01113162970260 -0.3669152 19.1432 /L 160.6487 6.796/ 4.8702 n.a. n.a. 0.8932005 5.8259964 -71.86329 2025-Jul-22 20:30 Nm 06 48 06.55 +25 04 03.6 55.685633 6.168410 n.a. n.a. 1.005434338316 -0.0558858 0.01113017058376 -0.3606065 19.1502 /L 160.6417 6.732/ 4.8442 n.a. n.a. 0.8671485 358.18324 -72.07215 2025-Jul-22 20:40 Cm 06 48 06.48 +25 04 12.1 54.230079 7.921325 n.a. n.a. 1.005434114081 -0.0559311 0.01112873802456 -0.3536727 19.1574 /L 160.6344 6.670/ 4.8188 n.a. n.a. 0.8547499 350.34834 -71.98994 2025-Jul-22 20:50 Cm 06 48 06.33 +25 04 20.4 52.729441 9.642172 n.a. n.a. 1.005433889664 -0.0559765 0.01112733450637 -0.3461268 19.1650 /L 160.6268 6.609/ 4.7938 n.a. n.a. 0.8558053 342.55585 -71.60436 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-23 20:00 A 06 50 17.61 +24 57 10.4 59.663913 1.124199 n.a. n.a. 1.005400915219 -0.0623373 0.01111317820914 -0.3821142 19.5725 /L 160.2153 8.257/ 1.2539 n.a. n.a. 0.9719509 21.210927 -71.13513 2025-Jul-23 20:10 N 06 50 17.83 +24 57 19.4 58.321520 2.958519 n.a. n.a. 1.005400665106 -0.0623835 0.01111165578715 -0.3769725 19.5788 /L 160.2090 8.341/ 1.2402 n.a. n.a. 0.9175453 14.488809 -71.89632 2025-Jul-23 20:20 N 06 50 17.95 +24 57 28.2 56.940899 4.766369 n.a. n.a. 1.005400414809 -0.0624297 0.01111015528656 -0.3711843 19.5854 /L 160.2024 8.425/ 1.2267 n.a. n.a. 0.8752349 7.1800418 -72.42870 2025-Jul-23 20:30 Nm 06 50 17.98 +24 57 36.7 55.519637 6.545901 n.a. n.a. 1.005400164326 -0.0624759 0.01110867927872 -0.3647605 19.5923 /L 160.1954 8.507/ 1.2136 n.a. n.a. 0.8462078 359.41658 -72.69730 2025-Jul-23 20:40 Cm 06 50 17.93 +24 57 45.1 54.055289 8.295139 n.a. n.a. 1.005399913658 -0.0625221 0.01110723028873 -0.3577132 19.5995 /L 160.1882 8.589/ 1.2008 n.a. n.a. 0.8311199 351.40296 -72.67464 2025-Jul-23 20:50 Cm 06 50 17.80 +24 57 53.2 52.545384 10.011975 n.a. n.a. 1.005399662804 -0.0625683 0.01110581079059 -0.3500559 19.6069 /L 160.1807 8.669/ 1.1883 n.a. n.a. 0.8299037 343.38878 -72.34535 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-24 19:50 Ar 06 52 32.81 +24 50 15.1 60.847298 -0.355268 n.a. n.a. 1.005363257370 -0.0690011 0.01109040630626 -0.3911586 19.9929 /L 159.7909 21.1/ 0.1521 n.a. n.a. 1.0274953 28.544071 -70.60070 2025-Jul-24 20:00 A 06 52 33.13 +24 50 24.1 59.533792 1.501434 n.a. n.a. 1.005362980529 -0.0690482 0.01108884652560 -0.3865572 19.9988 /L 159.7850 21.1/ 0.1542 n.a. n.a. 0.9598035 22.491818 -71.59190 2025-Jul-24 20:10 N 06 52 33.35 +24 50 32.9 58.184041 3.333165 n.a. n.a. 1.005362703499 -0.0690952 0.01108730651624 -0.3813006 20.0050 /L 159.7788 21.2/ 0.1563 n.a. n.a. 0.9026314 15.756330 -72.39784 2025-Jul-24 20:20 N 06 52 33.48 +24 50 41.5 56.795654 5.138174 n.a. n.a. 1.005362426281 -0.0691423 0.01108578888632 -0.3753988 20.0116 /L 159.7722 21.3/ 0.1585 n.a. n.a. 0.8575552 8.3819156 -72.97989 2025-Jul-24 20:30 N 06 52 33.53 +24 50 49.8 55.366200 6.914591 n.a. n.a. 1.005362148874 -0.0691893 0.01108429620186 -0.3688629 20.0184 /L 159.7653 21.4/ 0.1608 n.a. n.a. 0.8259020 0.4930338 -73.30075 2025-Jul-24 20:40 C 06 52 33.49 +24 50 58.0 53.893214 8.660418 n.a. n.a. 1.005361871278 -0.0692364 0.01108283098180 -0.3617052 20.0255 /L 159.7582 21.5/ 0.1631 n.a. n.a. 0.8084801 352.29729 -73.32994 2025-Jul-24 20:50 C 06 52 33.37 +24 51 05.9 52.374205 10.373520 n.a. n.a. 1.005361593493 -0.0692835 0.01108139569312 -0.3539392 20.0330 /L 159.7507 21.6/ 0.1655 n.a. n.a. 0.8053484 344.05962 -73.04923 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-25 19:50 Ar 06 54 52.07 +24 43 09.1 60.735452 0.015778 n.a. n.a. 1.005321437701 -0.0758380 0.01106329664211 -0.3954958 20.4046 /L 159.3756 33.9/ 1.5020 n.a. n.a. 1.0174281 29.690083 -71.01552 2025-Jul-25 20:00 A 06 54 52.39 +24 43 17.9 59.415076 1.870332 n.a. n.a. 1.005321133438 -0.0758859 0.01106171969399 -0.3907816 20.4104 /L 159.3697 34.0/ 1.5218 n.a. n.a. 0.9473140 23.655232 -72.04062 2025-Jul-25 20:10 N 06 54 52.62 +24 43 26.5 58.058078 3.699691 n.a. n.a. 1.005320828981 -0.0759338 0.01106016296786 -0.3854132 20.4166 /L 159.3635 34.1/ 1.5413 n.a. n.a. 0.8876424 16.898541 -72.88604 2025-Jul-25 20:20 N 06 54 52.76 +24 43 34.9 56.662047 5.502087 n.a. n.a. 1.005320524333 -0.0759818 0.01105862906762 -0.3794007 20.4231 /L 159.3570 34.2/ 1.5607 n.a. n.a. 0.8400871 9.4514657 -73.51183 2025-Jul-25 20:30 C 06 54 52.82 +24 43 43.0 55.224532 7.275628 n.a. n.a. 1.005320219493 -0.0760297 0.01105712055424 -0.3727554 20.4299 /L 159.3502 34.3/ 1.5799 n.a. n.a. 0.8061100 1.4308802 -73.87844 2025-Jul-25 20:40 C 06 54 52.79 +24 43 51.0 53.743044 9.018294 n.a. n.a. 1.005319914460 -0.0760777 0.01105563994079 -0.3654898 20.4369 /L 159.3430 34.4/ 1.5989 n.a. n.a. 0.7866677 353.04758 -73.95258 2025-Jul-25 20:50 C 06 54 52.68 +24 43 58.7 52.215077 10.727924 n.a. n.a. 1.005319609235 -0.0761256 0.01105418968753 -0.3576178 20.4443 /L 159.3356 34.5/ 1.6177 n.a. n.a. 0.7819412 344.58263 -73.71325 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-26 19:50 A 06 57 14.77 +24 35 43.4 60.634303 0.379252 n.a. n.a. 1.005275632830 -0.0828011 0.01103356701811 -0.3994945 20.8025 /L 158.9741 46.5/ 5.0638 n.a. n.a. 1.0069722 30.760245 -71.41862 2025-Jul-26 20:00 N 06 57 15.10 +24 35 52.0 59.307150 2.231854 n.a. n.a. 1.005275300637 -0.0828499 0.01103197425476 -0.3946703 20.8083 /L 158.9683 46.6/ 5.1013 n.a. n.a. 0.9346086 24.736804 -72.47460 2025-Jul-26 20:10 N 06 57 15.34 +24 36 00.4 57.943008 4.059050 n.a. n.a. 1.005274968248 -0.0828987 0.01103040215240 -0.3891929 20.8144 /L 158.9621 46.7/ 5.1384 n.a. n.a. 0.8726269 17.953046 -73.35586 2025-Jul-26 20:20 N 06 57 15.49 +24 36 08.6 56.539444 5.859050 n.a. n.a. 1.005274635664 -0.0829475 0.01102885331095 -0.3830725 20.8209 /L 158.9556 46.8/ 5.1752 n.a. n.a. 0.8227969 10.427273 -74.02119 2025-Jul-26 20:30 C 06 57 15.55 +24 36 16.6 55.093983 7.629942 n.a. n.a. 1.005274302884 -0.0829963 0.01102733028655 -0.3763206 20.8277 /L 158.9489 46.9/ 5.2115 n.a. n.a. 0.7867144 2.2684174 -74.42882 2025-Jul-26 20:40 C 06 57 15.53 +24 36 24.3 53.604119 9.369683 n.a. n.a. 1.005273969908 -0.0830451 0.01102583558664 -0.3689499 20.8347 /L 158.9418 47.0/ 5.2475 n.a. n.a. 0.7654843 353.69057 -74.54265 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-27 19:50 A 06 59 40.71 +24 27 58.1 60.543426 0.735859 n.a. n.a. 1.005225770918 -0.0898862 0.01100144801061 -0.4030817 21.1875 /L 158.5858 58.8/ 10.4892 n.a. n.a. 0.9964085 31.795341 -71.80283 2025-Jul-27 20:00 N 06 59 41.04 +24 28 06.5 59.209587 2.586700 n.a. n.a. 1.005225410307 -0.0899358 0.01099984107600 -0.3981506 21.1933 /L 158.5800 58.9/ 10.5432 n.a. n.a. 0.9218868 25.781550 -72.88819 2025-Jul-27 20:10 N 06 59 41.29 +24 28 14.8 57.838398 4.411931 n.a. n.a. 1.005225049497 -0.0899855 0.01099825522951 -0.3925672 21.1994 /L 158.5739 59.0/ 10.5967 n.a. n.a. 0.8576922 18.968628 -73.80349 2025-Jul-27 20:20 N 06 59 41.45 +24 28 22.8 56.427405 6.209743 n.a. n.a. 1.005224688487 -0.0900351 0.01099669306724 -0.3863417 21.2058 /L 158.5675 59.1/ 10.6498 n.a. n.a. 0.8056900 11.360868 -74.50618 2025-Jul-27 20:30 C 06 59 41.52 +24 28 30.6 54.974110 7.978204 n.a. n.a. 1.005224327279 -0.0900847 0.01099515714075 -0.3794860 21.2125 /L 158.5607 59.2/ 10.7024 n.a. n.a. 0.7676125 3.0582763 -74.95229 2025-Jul-27 20:40 C 06 59 41.51 +24 28 38.1 53.475984 9.715248 n.a. n.a. 1.005223965872 -0.0901343 0.01099364995211 -0.3720131 21.2195 /L 158.5536 59.3/ 10.7545 n.a. n.a. 0.7447180 354.27791 -75.10278 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-28 19:50 A 07 02 09.75 +24 19 53.4 60.462609 1.086028 n.a. n.a. 1.005171783255 -0.0970871 0.01096720051336 -0.4062239 21.5599 /L 158.2103 70.7/ 17.3937 n.a. n.a. 0.9860641 32.839161 -72.16211 2025-Jul-28 20:00 N 07 02 10.10 +24 20 01.6 59.122173 2.935295 n.a. n.a. 1.005171393761 -0.0971375 0.01096558118579 -0.4011891 21.5656 /L 158.2046 70.8/ 17.4619 n.a. n.a. 0.9093932 26.838630 -73.27686 2025-Jul-28 20:10 N 07 02 10.35 +24 20 09.7 57.744035 4.758755 n.a. n.a. 1.005171004065 -0.0971879 0.01096398336116 -0.3955026 21.5717 /L 158.1985 70.9/ 17.5297 n.a. n.a. 0.8429858 19.999642 -74.22615 2025-Jul-28 20:20 N 07 02 10.52 +24 20 17.5 56.325716 6.554584 n.a. n.a. 1.005170614167 -0.0972383 0.01096240963200 -0.3891751 21.5781 /L 158.1921 71.0/ 17.5970 n.a. n.a. 0.7888037 12.310881 -74.96615 2025-Jul-28 20:30 C 07 02 10.60 +24 20 25.1 54.864696 8.320828 n.a. n.a. 1.005170224066 -0.0972887 0.01096086254547 -0.3822186 21.5848 /L 158.1853 71.1/ 17.6637 n.a. n.a. 0.7487210 3.8614899 -75.45054 2025-Jul-28 20:40 C 07 02 10.59 +24 20 32.4 53.358423 10.055399 n.a. n.a. 1.005169833764 -0.0973391 0.01095934459853 -0.3746461 21.5918 /L 158.1783 71.2/ 17.7300 n.a. n.a. 0.7241609 354.87035 -75.63720 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-29 19:40 Ar 07 04 41.43 +24 11 21.1 61.703173 -0.442200 n.a. n.a. 1.005114025739 -0.1043454 0.01093274511863 -0.4133922 21.9144 /L 157.8529 82.2/ 25.3197 n.a. n.a. 1.0634790 39.119915 -71.22363 2025-Jul-29 19:50 A 07 04 41.87 +24 11 29.3 60.391829 1.429944 n.a. n.a. 1.005113607133 -0.1043965 0.01093109591744 -0.4089172 21.9198 /L 157.8475 82.3/ 25.3996 n.a. n.a. 0.9762843 33.934467 -72.49147 2025-Jul-29 20:00 N 07 04 42.22 +24 11 37.3 59.044893 3.277821 n.a. n.a. 1.005113188321 -0.1044477 0.01092946599116 -0.4037817 21.9255 /L 157.8418 82.4/ 25.4791 n.a. n.a. 0.8973963 27.956890 -73.63686 2025-Jul-29 20:10 N 07 04 42.48 +24 11 45.2 57.659907 5.099707 n.a. n.a. 1.005112769304 -0.1044988 0.01092785796995 -0.3979954 21.9315 /L 157.8357 82.5/ 25.5583 n.a. n.a. 0.8286842 21.101193 -74.62174 2025-Jul-29 20:20 N 07 04 42.66 +24 11 52.8 56.234370 6.893757 n.a. n.a. 1.005112350082 -0.1045499 0.01092627444287 -0.3915690 21.9379 /L 157.8294 82.6/ 25.6370 n.a. n.a. 0.7722058 13.338030 -75.40099 2025-Jul-29 20:30 C 07 04 42.74 +24 12 00.2 54.765738 8.657997 n.a. n.a. 1.005111930655 -0.1046011 0.01092471795298 -0.3845146 21.9445 /L 157.8227 82.7/ 25.7153 n.a. n.a. 0.7299850 4.7424910 -75.92582 2025-Jul-29 20:40 C 07 04 42.74 +24 12 07.3 53.251438 10.390319 n.a. n.a. 1.005111511023 -0.1046522 0.01092319099234 -0.3768457 21.9515 /L 157.8157 82.8/ 25.7931 n.a. n.a. 0.7036274 355.53281 -76.15073 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-30 19:40 Ar 07 07 16.66 +24 02 37.5 61.648772 -0.103581 n.a. n.a. 1.005051625712 -0.1117570 0.01089506175106 -0.4157494 22.2616 /L 157.5031 93.5/ 34.0732 n.a. n.a. 1.0568056 40.246434 -71.49147 2025-Jul-30 19:50 A 07 07 17.11 +24 02 45.5 60.331347 1.767523 n.a. n.a. 1.005051177377 -0.1118088 0.01089340329326 -0.4111766 22.2669 /L 157.4977 93.6/ 34.1609 n.a. n.a. 0.9674252 35.122240 -72.78649 2025-Jul-30 20:00 N 07 07 17.47 +24 02 53.3 58.978013 3.614201 n.a. n.a. 1.005050728835 -0.1118607 0.01089176450162 -0.4059439 22.2726 /L 157.4920 93.8/ 34.2484 n.a. n.a. 0.8861835 29.183998 -73.96487 2025-Jul-30 20:10 N 07 07 17.74 +24 03 01.0 57.586292 5.434712 n.a. n.a. 1.005050280085 -0.1119125 0.01089014800379 -0.4000609 22.2786 /L 157.4860 93.9/ 34.3356 n.a. n.a. 0.8149893 22.328240 -74.98835 2025-Jul-30 20:20 N 07 07 17.92 +24 03 08.4 56.153655 7.227192 n.a. n.a. 1.005049831128 -0.1119643 0.01088855638563 -0.3935389 22.2849 /L 157.4797 94.0/ 34.4226 n.a. n.a. 0.7559936 14.504330 -75.81063 2025-Jul-30 20:30 C 07 07 18.02 +24 03 15.6 54.677537 8.989649 n.a. n.a. 1.005049381962 -0.1120161 0.01088699218630 -0.3863899 22.2915 /L 157.4731 94.1/ 34.5092 n.a. n.a. 0.7113787 5.7685483 -76.38037 2025-Jul-30 20:40 C 07 07 18.02 +24 03 22.5 53.155338 10.719953 n.a. n.a. 1.005048932589 -0.1120680 0.01088545789322 -0.3786276 22.2984 /L 157.4661 94.2/ 34.5955 n.a. n.a. 0.6829568 356.33412 -76.64824 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-31 19:40 Ar 07 09 55.13 +23 53 33.8 61.604941 0.228275 n.a. n.a. 1.004984916911 -0.1192654 0.01085604625576 -0.4176949 22.5954 /L 157.1667 104.7/ 43.2774 n.a. n.a. 1.0515629 41.481370 -71.71844 2025-Jul-31 19:50 A 07 09 55.59 +23 53 41.7 60.281543 2.098527 n.a. n.a. 1.004984438461 -0.1193179 0.01085438018546 -0.4130279 22.6007 /L 157.1614 104.8/ 43.3694 n.a. n.a. 0.9598518 36.438630 -73.04297 2025-Jul-31 20:00 N 07 09 55.95 +23 53 49.3 58.921929 3.944203 n.a. n.a. 1.004983959801 -0.1193704 0.01085273415839 -0.4077013 22.6063 /L 157.1558 104.9/ 43.4613 n.a. n.a. 0.8760652 30.563072 -74.25745 2025-Jul-31 20:10 N 07 09 56.23 +23 53 56.8 57.523597 5.763547 n.a. n.a. 1.004983480930 -0.1194229 0.01085111079989 -0.4017253 22.6123 /L 157.1498 105.0/ 43.5531 n.a. n.a. 0.8021396 23.732069 -75.32369 2025-Jul-31 20:20 N 07 09 56.42 +23 54 04.0 56.083993 7.554676 n.a. n.a. 1.004983001849 -0.1194753 0.01084951269286 -0.3951110 22.6185 /L 157.1435 105.2/ 43.6449 n.a. n.a. 0.7403123 15.869680 -76.19439 2025-Jul-31 20:30 C 07 09 56.53 +23 54 11.0 54.600528 9.315580 n.a. n.a. 1.004982522557 -0.1195278 0.01084794237278 -0.3878707 22.6251 /L 157.1369 105.3/ 43.7365 n.a. n.a. 0.6929315 7.0068476 -76.81559 2025-Jul-31 20:40 C 07 09 56.54 +23 54 17.7 53.070576 11.044106 n.a. n.a. 1.004982043054 -0.1195803 0.01084640232271 -0.3800183 22.6320 /L 157.1300 105.4/ 43.8278 n.a. n.a. 0.6620444 357.34484 -77.13369 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************