API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: May 07, 2025 Wind Spacecraft / (Earth) -8 https://wind.nasa.gov/ https://hpde.io/SMWG/Observatory/Wind https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/25-years-of-science-in-the-solar-wind BACKGROUND: The primary science objectives of the Wind mission are: - Provide plasma, energetic particle, and magnetic field data for magnetospheric and ionospheric studies - Investigate plasma processes occurring in the near-Earth solar wind - Provide baseline, 1 AU, ecliptic plane observations for inner and outer heliospheric missions Wind is a spin-stabilized spacecraft launched on a Delta II 7925-10 rocket 1994-Nov-1 @ 09:31 UTC from pad 17B at Cape Canaveral, FL. The spacecraft has visited many regions of the near-Earth space environment. For the first nine months of operation, Wind was placed in a double-lunar swingby orbit near the ecliptic plane, with apogee from 80 to 250 Earth radii and perigee of between 5 and 10 Earth radii. In this orbit, lunar gravity assists were used to keep its apogee over the day hemisphere of the Earth, and magnetospheric observations were made through several orbit passages. Wind was then temporarily inserted into a small amplitude "halo" orbit, about the sunward Sun-Earth gravitational equilibrium point (SEMB-L1), varying from 235 to 265 Earth radii (Re). In 2001 and 2002, Wind had a distant prograde orbit that took it +/- 300 Re leading and lagging Earth. This orbit provided a wide baseline to study solar wind structures and correlations. In 2003 (Nov 2003 to Feb 2004), Wind reached the L2 Lagrange point 240 Re anti-sunward from Earth providing a 500 Re spatial separation from ACE solar wind observations along with measurements of the distant Earth magnetotail. In late June of 2004, Wind used its last lunar gravity assist to insert into a L1 Lissajous orbit to observe the unperturbed solar wind prior to it impacting the magnetosphere of Earth, providing an approx. one-hour warning of changes in the solar wind. On June 26, 2020, Wind completed the first halo orbit insertion maneuver. A second was completed on August 31, 2020, a third on November 9, 2020. The maneuvers were necessary to prevent Wind from entering the solar exclusion zone around the solar disk, where solar radio emissions can interfere with spacecraft communications. The halo orbit is an ellipse tilted with respect to the ecliptic plane, while Lissajous has an out-of-plane (z) component oscillation decoupled from in-plane components. Wind currently has enough fuel to continue its mission at L1 into the 2070s. SPACECRAFT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Bus size : 2.4 x 1.8 m cylinder Power : 370 Watts (body mounted solar panels) Launch mass: 1250 kg Dry mass : 950 kg Extension : Long wire spin-plane antennas, inertial booms, and spin-plane appendages to support sensors. Experiment booms deployed along both Z axes. Spin rate : 20 rpm (~3 s period) w/axis < 1 degree from normal to ecliptic (spacecraft +Z spin axis aligned with south ecliptic pole) SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS 1. Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) 2. Solar Wind Experiment (SWE) Faraday Cup - Ion Data Electron Data 3. 3D Plasma Analyzer 4. SMS Suprathermal Particle Data 5. EPACT High Energy Particle Data 6. WAVES Radio and Plasma Waves Data 7. KONUS and TGRS Data (gamma ray) SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY: This trajectory is a concatenation of weekly prediction provided by GSFC. Based on tracking data through 2025-May-5, prediction thereafter. Trajectory name Start Stop ---------------------------- ----------- ----------- Wind_merged 1994-Nov-01 2025-Jul-29 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Thu May 15 00:07:17 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Wind (spacecraft) (-8) {source: Wind_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: Swan Reach Imaging, Glenalta ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2025-Apr-19 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2025-May-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 139.5701, -34.5440227, .056888 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 139.5701,5259.32258,-3596.34777 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.250514.p250810 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-MAY-14. PREDICTS-> 2025-AUG-09 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-19 08:20 C 03 13 43.25 +16 36 43.4 299.214585 10.908591 n.a. n.a. 0.995683205364 0.4293445 0.00935029603369 0.4417802 21.3656 /T 158.4384 131.0/ 67.1424 n.a. n.a. 1.9418582 80.270068 63.580575 2025-Apr-19 08:30 C 03 13 44.63 +16 36 46.6 297.623951 9.096145 n.a. n.a. 0.995684927287 0.4293103 0.00935208186947 0.4486056 21.3644 /T 158.4396 130.9/ 67.0514 n.a. n.a. 2.0705322 81.395428 62.444933 2025-Apr-19 08:40 N 03 13 46.10 +16 36 49.6 296.072760 7.257836 n.a. n.a. 0.995686649073 0.4292760 0.00935389380624 0.4547932 21.3636 /T 158.4404 130.8/ 66.9607 n.a. n.a. 2.2026622 82.353702 61.293033 2025-Apr-19 08:50 N 03 13 47.67 +16 36 52.5 294.557803 5.395635 n.a. n.a. 0.995688370721 0.4292418 0.00935572926281 0.4603317 21.3631 /T 158.4409 130.7/ 66.8703 n.a. n.a. 2.3378118 83.167825 60.128459 2025-Apr-19 09:00 N 03 13 49.33 +16 36 55.3 293.075928 3.511385 n.a. n.a. 0.995690092233 0.4292075 0.00935758561445 0.4652108 21.3630 /T 158.4410 130.6/ 66.7801 n.a. n.a. 2.4755745 83.857377 58.954038 2025-Apr-19 09:10 A 03 13 51.09 +16 36 57.9 291.624038 1.606811 n.a. n.a. 0.995691813606 0.4291733 0.00935946019802 0.4694215 21.3632 /T 158.4407 130.5/ 66.6903 n.a. n.a. 2.6155674 84.439035 57.772006 2025-Apr-19 09:20 A 03 13 52.95 +16 37 00.5 290.199084 -0.316468 n.a. n.a. 0.995693534843 0.4291390 0.00936135031706 0.4729562 21.3639 /T 158.4400 130.3/ 66.6009 n.a. n.a. 2.7574276 84.926999 56.584137 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-20 08:20 C 03 19 23.29 +17 05 08.0 299.853234 10.906837 n.a. n.a. 0.995929733288 0.4243333 0.00941670593827 0.4415683 21.8153 /T 157.9834 120.0/ 57.4448 n.a. n.a. 1.8571779 81.584098 64.416533 2025-Apr-20 08:30 C 03 19 24.61 +17 05 10.7 298.258734 9.105345 n.a. n.a. 0.995931435110 0.4242979 0.00941849110288 0.4484828 21.8139 /T 157.9848 119.9/ 57.3465 n.a. n.a. 1.9852638 82.684905 63.252326 2025-Apr-20 08:40 N 03 19 26.03 +17 05 13.1 296.704132 7.277369 n.a. n.a. 0.995933136790 0.4242626 0.00942030273349 0.4547633 21.8128 /T 157.9859 119.8/ 57.2483 n.a. n.a. 2.1167448 83.613140 62.074130 2025-Apr-20 08:50 N 03 19 27.55 +17 05 15.5 295.186265 5.424900 n.a. n.a. 0.995934838329 0.4242272 0.00942213826298 0.4603979 21.8121 /T 157.9866 119.7/ 57.1502 n.a. n.a. 2.2511909 84.393730 60.885339 2025-Apr-20 09:00 N 03 19 29.16 +17 05 17.6 293.702022 3.549798 n.a. n.a. 0.995936539725 0.4241918 0.00942399507989 0.4653764 21.8117 /T 157.9869 119.6/ 57.0523 n.a. n.a. 2.3882032 85.047696 59.688590 2025-Apr-20 09:10 A 03 19 30.87 +17 05 19.7 292.248344 1.653809 n.a. n.a. 0.995938240980 0.4241564 0.00942587053357 0.4696896 21.8117 /T 157.9869 119.5/ 56.9545 n.a. n.a. 2.5274070 85.592748 58.485938 2025-Apr-20 09:20 A 03 19 32.67 +17 05 21.6 290.822220 -0.261435 n.a. n.a. 0.995939942092 0.4241210 0.00942776193919 0.4733295 21.8121 /T 157.9865 119.4/ 56.8570 n.a. n.a. 2.6684475 86.043820 57.278987 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-21 08:20 C 03 24 57.80 +17 32 32.6 300.463556 10.896356 n.a. n.a. 0.996173320427 0.4191626 0.00948402302340 0.4408495 22.2366 /T 157.5571 108.7/ 47.1667 n.a. n.a. 1.7779387 82.970066 65.185780 2025-Apr-21 08:30 C 03 24 59.08 +17 32 34.7 298.865541 9.105547 n.a. n.a. 0.996175001508 0.4191261 0.00948580547001 0.4478463 22.2349 /T 157.5587 108.6/ 47.0656 n.a. n.a. 1.9054554 84.036859 63.993232 2025-Apr-21 08:40 N 03 25 00.45 +17 32 36.6 297.307831 7.287663 n.a. n.a. 0.996176682444 0.4190897 0.00948761471940 0.4542124 22.2336 /T 157.5600 108.5/ 46.9644 n.a. n.a. 2.0362939 84.926721 62.789095 2025-Apr-21 08:50 N 03 25 01.91 +17 32 38.4 295.787310 5.444712 n.a. n.a. 0.996178363233 0.4190532 0.00948944821814 0.4599361 22.2326 /T 157.5609 108.4/ 46.8631 n.a. n.a. 2.1700333 85.666501 61.576533 2025-Apr-21 09:00 N 03 25 03.47 +17 32 40.0 294.300910 3.578576 n.a. n.a. 0.996180043876 0.4190167 0.00949130336775 0.4650068 22.2320 /T 157.5615 108.2/ 46.7618 n.a. n.a. 2.3062841 86.278556 60.357962 2025-Apr-21 09:10 A 03 25 05.13 +17 32 41.5 292.845611 1.691012 n.a. n.a. 0.996181724373 0.4189803 0.00949317752977 0.4694150 22.2318 /T 157.5617 108.1/ 46.6606 n.a. n.a. 2.4446812 86.781525 59.135234 2025-Apr-21 09:20 A 03 25 06.89 +17 32 42.8 291.418438 -0.216327 n.a. n.a. 0.996183404723 0.4189438 0.00949506803082 0.4731528 22.2319 /T 157.5615 108.0/ 46.5594 n.a. n.a. 2.5848792 87.190968 57.909763 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-22 08:20 C 03 30 26.98 +17 58 58.4 301.046382 10.877928 n.a. n.a. 0.996413878043 0.4138434 0.00955189751456 0.4395536 22.6304 /T 157.1583 97.0/ 36.6827 n.a. n.a. 1.7036519 84.433315 65.889912 2025-Apr-22 08:30 C 03 30 28.22 +17 58 59.9 299.445186 9.097514 n.a. n.a. 0.996415537789 0.4138060 0.00955367491462 0.4466259 22.6285 /T 157.1602 96.8/ 36.5841 n.a. n.a. 1.8306151 85.455675 64.669030 2025-Apr-22 08:40 N 03 30 29.54 +17 59 01.3 297.884660 7.289464 n.a. n.a. 0.996417197385 0.4137685 0.00955547942731 0.4530709 22.6270 /T 157.1617 96.7/ 36.4853 n.a. n.a. 1.9608157 86.298113 63.439101 2025-Apr-22 08:50 N 03 30 30.96 +17 59 02.6 296.361735 5.455804 n.a. n.a. 0.996418856830 0.4137311 0.00955730851247 0.4588768 22.6258 /T 157.1629 96.6/ 36.3863 n.a. n.a. 2.0938440 86.989264 62.203014 2025-Apr-22 09:00 N 03 30 32.47 +17 59 03.6 294.873386 3.598430 n.a. n.a. 0.996420516125 0.4136936 0.00955915958429 0.4640327 22.6250 /T 157.1637 96.5/ 36.2870 n.a. n.a. 2.2293220 87.552683 60.962934 2025-Apr-22 09:10 A 03 30 34.08 +17 59 04.6 293.416631 1.719118 n.a. n.a. 0.996422175270 0.4136562 0.00956103001621 0.4685290 22.6245 /T 157.1641 96.4/ 36.1876 n.a. n.a. 2.3668956 88.007788 59.720482 2025-Apr-22 09:20 A 03 30 35.79 +17 59 05.4 291.988531 -0.180468 n.a. n.a. 0.996423834265 0.4136187 0.00956291714607 0.4723577 22.6244 /T 157.1642 96.2/ 36.0881 n.a. n.a. 2.5062296 88.370637 58.476869 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-23 08:10 C 03 35 49.91 +18 24 24.9 303.250438 12.592232 n.a. n.a. 0.996649685451 0.4084268 0.00961819759850 0.4298574 23.0000 /T 156.7840 84.9/ 26.5548 n.a. n.a. 1.5107758 84.796492 67.773426 2025-Apr-23 08:20 C 03 35 51.01 +18 24 26.2 301.602328 10.852257 n.a. n.a. 0.996651323471 0.4083885 0.00961993746645 0.4376094 22.9976 /T 156.7864 84.7/ 26.4652 n.a. n.a. 1.6336186 85.981584 66.533748 2025-Apr-23 08:30 C 03 35 52.20 +18 24 27.2 299.998272 9.081934 n.a. n.a. 0.996652961336 0.4083501 0.00962170720728 0.4447509 22.9955 /T 156.7885 84.6/ 26.3752 n.a. n.a. 1.7600410 86.948039 65.284198 2025-Apr-23 08:40 N 03 35 53.48 +18 24 28.1 298.435212 7.283444 n.a. n.a. 0.996654599048 0.4083118 0.00962350434495 0.4512685 22.9938 /T 156.7902 84.5/ 26.2848 n.a. n.a. 1.8896059 87.733189 64.028299 2025-Apr-23 08:50 N 03 35 54.85 +18 24 28.8 296.910126 5.458827 n.a. n.a. 0.996656236606 0.4082735 0.00962532635223 0.4571499 22.9924 /T 156.7916 84.4/ 26.1940 n.a. n.a. 2.0219175 88.367268 62.768623 2025-Apr-23 09:00 N 03 35 56.32 +18 24 29.4 295.420030 3.609996 n.a. n.a. 0.996657874011 0.4082351 0.00962717065554 0.4623844 22.9913 /T 156.7926 84.3/ 26.1029 n.a. n.a. 2.1566110 88.874830 61.507047 2025-Apr-23 09:10 A 03 35 57.88 +18 24 29.8 293.961981 1.738740 n.a. n.a. 0.996659511261 0.4081968 0.00962903463998 0.4669622 22.9906 /T 156.7932 84.2/ 26.0114 n.a. n.a. 2.2933447 89.275895 60.244934 2025-Apr-23 09:20 A 03 35 59.54 +18 24 30.0 292.533075 -0.153263 n.a. n.a. 0.996661148358 0.4081584 0.00963091565431 0.4708749 22.9903 /T 156.7935 84.0/ 25.9197 n.a. n.a. 2.4317947 89.586864 58.983275 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-24 08:10 C 03 41 08.90 +18 48 55.9 303.782688 12.549542 n.a. n.a. 0.996883966947 0.4028512 0.00968598195541 0.4271449 23.3414 /T 156.4381 72.2/ 17.1661 n.a. n.a. 1.4444672 86.507789 68.398914 2025-Apr-24 08:20 C 03 41 09.96 +18 48 56.7 302.131791 10.819851 n.a. n.a. 0.996885582603 0.4028121 0.00968771106372 0.4349568 23.3388 /T 156.4407 72.1/ 17.0911 n.a. n.a. 1.5668998 87.625991 67.126450 2025-Apr-24 08:30 C 03 41 11.11 +18 48 57.2 300.525185 9.059295 n.a. n.a. 0.996887198101 0.4027730 0.00968947029193 0.4421615 23.3365 /T 156.4429 71.9/ 17.0155 n.a. n.a. 1.6927905 88.523798 65.847414 2025-Apr-24 08:40 N 03 41 12.34 +18 48 57.6 298.959866 7.270070 n.a. n.a. 0.996888813443 0.4027338 0.00969125717702 0.4487455 23.3346 /T 156.4449 71.8/ 16.9395 n.a. n.a. 1.8217195 89.240786 64.564917 2025-Apr-24 08:50 N 03 41 13.67 +18 48 57.8 297.432855 5.454230 n.a. n.a. 0.996890428628 0.4026947 0.00969306920427 0.4546965 23.3330 /T 156.4465 71.7/ 16.8631 n.a. n.a. 1.9533075 89.808526 63.281157 2025-Apr-24 09:00 N 03 41 15.09 +18 48 57.8 295.941211 3.613701 n.a. n.a. 0.996892043656 0.4026556 0.00969490381194 0.4600033 23.3317 /T 156.4477 71.6/ 16.7862 n.a. n.a. 2.0872045 90.252333 61.997683 2025-Apr-24 09:10 A 03 41 16.61 +18 48 57.7 294.482028 1.750285 n.a. n.a. 0.996893658527 0.4026164 0.00969675839642 0.4646561 23.3308 /T 156.4486 71.5/ 16.7089 n.a. n.a. 2.2230823 90.592618 60.715577 2025-Apr-24 09:20 A 03 41 18.23 +18 48 57.5 293.052440 -0.134326 n.a. n.a. 0.996895273240 0.4025773 0.00969863031712 0.4686465 23.3303 /T 156.4491 71.4/ 16.6313 n.a. n.a. 2.3606295 90.845937 59.435588 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-25 08:10 C 03 46 22.80 +19 12 29.7 304.288159 12.500771 n.a. n.a. 0.997114996986 0.3971700 0.00975304195039 0.4236981 23.6570 /T 156.1182 59.0/ 9.2711 n.a. n.a. 1.3803036 88.348184 68.989210 2025-Apr-25 08:20 C 03 46 23.82 +19 12 30.0 302.634814 10.780986 n.a. n.a. 0.997116589854 0.3971303 0.00975475734277 0.4315645 23.6542 /T 156.1210 58.9/ 9.2155 n.a. n.a. 1.5023434 89.382490 67.682249 2025-Apr-25 08:30 C 03 46 24.92 +19 12 30.1 301.025964 9.029851 n.a. n.a. 0.997118182563 0.3970905 0.00975650308003 0.4388269 23.6517 /T 156.1235 58.8/ 9.1594 n.a. n.a. 1.6277080 90.197160 66.372319 2025-Apr-25 08:40 N 03 46 26.12 +19 12 30.0 299.458656 7.249572 n.a. n.a. 0.997119775113 0.3970507 0.00975827671168 0.4454716 23.6495 /T 156.1256 58.7/ 9.1029 n.a. n.a. 1.7559983 90.833672 65.062034 2025-Apr-25 08:50 N 03 46 27.40 +19 12 29.7 297.929955 5.442217 n.a. n.a. 0.997121367502 0.3970109 0.00976007573495 0.4514862 23.6477 /T 156.1274 58.6/ 9.0459 n.a. n.a. 1.8868539 91.324610 63.753161 2025-Apr-25 09:00 N 03 46 28.78 +19 12 29.2 296.436962 3.609724 n.a. n.a. 0.997122959732 0.3969711 0.00976189759962 0.4568594 23.6463 /T 156.1288 58.5/ 8.9886 n.a. n.a. 2.0199414 91.695754 62.446882 2025-Apr-25 09:10 A 03 46 30.25 +19 12 28.6 294.976808 1.753908 n.a. n.a. 0.997124551803 0.3969313 0.00976373971293 0.4615814 23.6451 /T 156.1299 58.3/ 8.9309 n.a. n.a. 2.1549475 91.967650 61.143966 2025-Apr-25 09:20 A 03 46 31.82 +19 12 27.8 293.546663 -0.123527 n.a. n.a. 0.997126143714 0.3968915 0.00976559944460 0.4656433 23.6444 /T 156.1306 58.2/ 8.8729 n.a. n.a. 2.2915736 92.156800 59.844896 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-26 08:10 C 03 51 31.48 +19 35 06.4 304.766498 12.445923 n.a. n.a. 0.997342719536 0.3914005 0.00981890931797 0.4195350 23.9463 /T 155.8248 45.5/ 3.5347 n.a. n.a. 1.3170378 90.342512 69.564022 2025-Apr-26 08:20 C 03 51 32.45 +19 35 06.2 303.111042 10.735634 n.a. n.a. 0.997344289264 0.3913602 0.00982060811146 0.4274509 23.9433 /T 155.8278 45.4/ 3.5014 n.a. n.a. 1.4386962 91.272748 68.220176 2025-Apr-26 08:30 C 03 51 33.52 +19 35 05.8 301.500254 8.993540 n.a. n.a. 0.997345858829 0.3913198 0.00982233745445 0.4347658 23.9407 /T 155.8304 45.3/ 3.4677 n.a. n.a. 1.5635352 91.987209 66.877312 2025-Apr-26 08:40 N 03 51 34.67 +19 35 05.2 299.931229 7.221857 n.a. n.a. 0.997347428233 0.3912795 0.00982409490843 0.4414659 23.9383 /T 155.8328 45.2/ 3.4338 n.a. n.a. 1.6911801 92.528809 65.537455 2025-Apr-26 08:50 N 03 51 35.91 +19 35 04.4 298.401079 5.422665 n.a. n.a. 0.997348997475 0.3912392 0.00982587798213 0.4475388 23.9363 /T 155.8348 45.1/ 3.3997 n.a. n.a. 1.8212915 92.930709 64.201880 2025-Apr-26 09:00 N 03 51 37.24 +19 35 03.4 296.906941 3.597912 n.a. n.a. 0.997350566555 0.3911988 0.00982768413629 0.4529730 23.9346 /T 155.8364 45.0/ 3.3653 n.a. n.a. 1.9535546 93.218781 62.871352 2025-Apr-26 09:10 A 03 51 38.67 +19 35 02.3 295.445985 1.749426 n.a. n.a. 0.997352135473 0.3911585 0.00982951078861 0.4577584 23.9333 /T 155.8377 44.9/ 3.3307 n.a. n.a. 2.0876720 93.413398 61.546295 2025-Apr-26 09:20 A 03 51 40.19 +19 35 01.0 294.015415 -0.121079 n.a. n.a. 0.997353704229 0.3911181 0.00983135531873 0.4618862 23.9323 /T 155.8386 44.8/ 3.2958 n.a. n.a. 2.2233585 93.530750 60.226901 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-27 08:10 C 03 56 34.66 +19 56 45.4 305.216935 12.384655 n.a. n.a. 0.997567088474 0.3855594 0.00988314145120 0.4147404 24.2087 /T 155.5586 31.8/ 0.5153 n.a. n.a. 1.2535329 92.522994 70.145792 2025-Apr-27 08:20 C 03 56 35.59 +19 56 44.8 303.559716 10.683415 n.a. n.a. 0.997568634773 0.3855186 0.00988482110353 0.4227011 24.2055 /T 155.5618 31.7/ 0.5044 n.a. n.a. 1.3748111 93.324217 68.762130 2025-Apr-27 08:30 C 03 56 36.61 +19 56 43.9 301.947307 8.949944 n.a. n.a. 0.997570180909 0.3854778 0.00988653149119 0.4300638 24.2026 /T 155.5646 31.6/ 0.4936 n.a. n.a. 1.4991162 93.917586 67.383782 2025-Apr-27 08:40 N 03 56 37.71 +19 56 42.8 300.376850 7.186470 n.a. n.a. 0.997571726881 0.3854371 0.00988827018698 0.4368145 24.2001 /T 155.5672 31.5/ 0.4827 n.a. n.a. 1.6261016 94.346745 66.012087 2025-Apr-27 08:50 N 03 56 38.91 +19 56 41.5 298.845500 5.395082 n.a. n.a. 0.997573272689 0.3853963 0.00989003471053 0.4429405 24.1979 /T 155.5694 31.4/ 0.4717 n.a. n.a. 1.7554515 94.644830 64.647753 2025-Apr-27 09:00 A 03 56 40.20 +19 56 40.1 297.350434 3.577739 n.a. n.a. 0.997574818334 0.3853555 0.00989182253304 0.4484304 24.1960 /T 155.5712 31.3/ 0.4608 n.a. n.a. 1.8868711 94.837307 63.291081 2025-Apr-27 09:10 A 03 56 41.58 +19 56 38.4 295.888859 1.736278 n.a. n.a. 0.997576363816 0.3853147 0.00989363108220 0.4532740 24.1945 /T 155.5727 31.2/ 0.4498 n.a. n.a. 2.0200796 94.943974 61.942114 2025-Apr-27 09:20 A 03 56 43.05 +19 56 36.7 294.458011 -0.127578 n.a. n.a. 0.997577909133 0.3852739 0.00989545774708 0.4574622 24.1933 /T 155.5739 31.1/ 0.4389 n.a. n.a. 2.1548061 94.980382 60.600726 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-28 08:10 C 04 01 31.96 +20 17 26.6 305.638368 12.316293 n.a. n.a. 0.997788066661 0.3796605 0.00994536070596 0.4094687 24.4429 /T 155.3209 18.2/ 0.5367 n.a. n.a. 1.1890208 94.928876 70.755852 2025-Apr-28 08:20 C 04 01 32.84 +20 17 25.5 303.979752 10.623609 n.a. n.a. 0.997789589301 0.3796194 0.00994701929502 0.4174700 24.4395 /T 155.3243 18.1/ 0.5458 n.a. n.a. 1.3099011 95.569163 69.329278 2025-Apr-28 08:30 N 04 01 33.81 +20 17 24.1 302.366058 8.898301 n.a. n.a. 0.997791111775 0.3795782 0.00994870878720 0.4248758 24.4364 /T 155.3274 18.0/ 0.5551 n.a. n.a. 1.4336479 96.015142 67.912726 2025-Apr-28 08:40 N 04 01 34.87 +20 17 22.5 300.794473 7.142607 n.a. n.a. 0.997792634085 0.3795371 0.00995042676597 0.4316723 24.4336 /T 155.3301 17.9/ 0.5647 n.a. n.a. 1.5599463 96.310065 66.506738 2025-Apr-28 08:50 N 04 01 36.02 +20 17 20.8 299.262194 5.358624 n.a. n.a. 0.997794156229 0.3794959 0.00995217076118 0.4378466 24.4312 /T 155.3325 17.9/ 0.5745 n.a. n.a. 1.6885064 96.486141 65.111387 2025-Apr-28 09:00 A 04 01 37.25 +20 17 18.8 297.766437 3.548319 n.a. n.a. 0.997795678209 0.3794548 0.00995393825389 0.4433872 24.4291 /T 155.3346 17.8/ 0.5846 n.a. n.a. 1.8190545 96.567728 63.726461 2025-Apr-28 09:10 A 04 01 38.59 +20 17 16.7 296.304443 1.713539 n.a. n.a. 0.997797200023 0.3794136 0.00995572668118 0.4482838 24.4273 /T 155.3363 17.7/ 0.5949 n.a. n.a. 1.9513271 96.573491 62.351588 2025-Apr-28 09:20 A 04 01 40.01 +20 17 14.4 294.873483 -0.143984 n.a. n.a. 0.997798721672 0.3793725 0.00995753344112 0.4525272 24.4259 /T 155.3377 17.6/ 0.6055 n.a. n.a. 2.0850681 96.517912 60.986302 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-29 08:10 Cm 04 06 22.89 +20 37 09.8 306.029534 12.239871 n.a. n.a. 0.998005623885 0.3737120 0.01000529004538 0.4039272 24.6472 /T 155.1133 6.701/ 3.6012 n.a. n.a. 1.1233061 97.605013 71.409853 2025-Apr-29 08:20 Cm 04 06 23.72 +20 37 08.2 304.369914 10.555202 n.a. n.a. 0.998007122667 0.3736705 0.01000692647986 0.4119645 24.6436 /T 155.1169 6.654/ 3.6257 n.a. n.a. 1.2437370 98.042786 69.937764 2025-Apr-29 08:30 Nm 04 06 24.64 +20 37 06.4 302.755298 8.837553 n.a. n.a. 0.998008621281 0.3736291 0.01000859396696 0.4194088 24.6403 /T 155.1202 6.607/ 3.6507 n.a. n.a. 1.3668728 98.307858 68.480675 2025-Apr-29 08:40 Nm 04 06 25.65 +20 37 04.4 301.182916 7.089166 n.a. n.a. 0.998010119730 0.3735876 0.01001029010001 0.4262462 24.6373 /T 155.1232 6.560/ 3.6762 n.a. n.a. 1.4924335 98.441248 67.038240 2025-Apr-29 08:50 N 04 06 26.75 +20 37 02.1 299.650005 5.312146 n.a. n.a. 0.998011618011 0.3735461 0.01001201241840 0.4324638 24.6346 /T 155.1258 6.512/ 3.7021 n.a. n.a. 1.6201564 98.472861 65.609838 2025-Apr-29 09:00 A 04 06 27.94 +20 36 59.7 298.153821 3.508468 n.a. n.a. 0.998013116127 0.3735046 0.01001375841232 0.4380499 24.6323 /T 155.1281 6.464/ 3.7285 n.a. n.a. 1.7497896 98.424904 64.194710 2025-Apr-29 09:10 A 04 06 29.22 +20 36 57.1 296.691636 1.679985 n.a. n.a. 0.998014614076 0.3734631 0.01001552552767 0.4429941 24.6303 /T 155.1301 6.417/ 3.7554 n.a. n.a. 1.8810873 98.314130 62.792044 2025-Apr-29 09:20 A 04 06 30.59 +20 36 54.3 295.260754 -0.171561 n.a. n.a. 0.998016111859 0.3734216 0.01001731117090 0.4472872 24.6287 /T 155.1317 6.369/ 3.7828 n.a. n.a. 2.0138074 98.153353 61.401022 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Apr-30 08:10 Cm 04 11 06.96 +20 55 55.1 306.389106 12.154332 n.a. n.a. 0.998219731314 0.3677157 0.01006277399514 0.3983421 24.8200 /T 154.9376 12.0/ 9.3878 n.a. n.a. 1.0568354 100.60092 72.113933 2025-Apr-30 08:20 Cm 04 11 07.74 +20 55 53.1 304.728908 10.477093 n.a. n.a. 0.998221206045 0.3676739 0.01006438809022 0.4064105 24.8162 /T 154.9414 12.0/ 9.4227 n.a. n.a. 1.1767096 100.78195 70.595090 2025-Apr-30 08:30 Nm 04 11 08.61 +20 55 50.8 303.113762 8.766552 n.a. n.a. 0.998222680609 0.3676321 0.01006603336760 0.4138883 24.8127 /T 154.9449 12.1/ 9.4581 n.a. n.a. 1.2991368 100.82351 69.096249 2025-Apr-30 08:40 Nm 04 11 09.56 +20 55 48.3 301.540944 7.024956 n.a. n.a. 0.998224155004 0.3675903 0.01006770742964 0.4207614 24.8095 /T 154.9481 12.2/ 9.4942 n.a. n.a. 1.4238725 100.76140 67.616129 2025-Apr-30 08:50 Nm 04 11 10.60 +20 55 45.6 300.007731 5.254416 n.a. n.a. 0.998225629232 0.3675485 0.01006940782443 0.4270168 24.8066 /T 154.9510 12.2/ 9.5309 n.a. n.a. 1.5506813 100.62109 66.153395 2025-Apr-30 09:00 Am 04 11 11.74 +20 55 42.6 298.511410 3.456913 n.a. n.a. 0.998227103291 0.3675067 0.01007113205061 0.4326428 24.8041 /T 154.9535 12.3/ 9.5681 n.a. n.a. 1.6793324 100.42112 64.706735 2025-Apr-30 09:10 Am 04 11 12.96 +20 55 39.6 297.049292 1.634306 n.a. n.a. 0.998228577184 0.3674648 0.01007287756212 0.4376289 24.8019 /T 154.9557 12.3/ 9.6061 n.a. n.a. 1.8095966 100.17523 63.274901 2025-Apr-30 09:20 Am 04 11 14.28 +20 55 36.3 295.618707 -0.211656 n.a. n.a. 0.998230050908 0.3674230 0.01007464177319 0.4419657 24.8000 /T 154.9575 12.4/ 9.6447 n.a. n.a. 1.9412451 99.893739 61.856730 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************