API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Jun 03, 2026 Wind Spacecraft / (Earth) -8 https://wind.nasa.gov/ https://hpde.io/SMWG/Observatory/Wind https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/25-years-of-science-in-the-solar-wind BACKGROUND: The primary science objectives of the Wind mission are: - Provide plasma, energetic particle, and magnetic field data for magnetospheric and ionospheric studies - Investigate plasma processes occurring in the near-Earth solar wind - Provide baseline, 1 AU, ecliptic plane observations for inner and outer heliospheric missions Wind is a spin-stabilized spacecraft launched on a Delta II 7925-10 rocket 1994-Nov-1 @ 09:31 UTC from pad 17B at Cape Canaveral, FL. The spacecraft has visited many regions of the near-Earth space environment. For the first nine months of operation, Wind was placed in a double-lunar swingby orbit near the ecliptic plane, with apogee from 80 to 250 Earth radii and perigee of between 5 and 10 Earth radii. In this orbit, lunar gravity assists were used to keep its apogee over the day hemisphere of the Earth, and magnetospheric observations were made through several orbit passages. Wind was then temporarily inserted into a small amplitude "halo" orbit, about the sunward Sun-Earth gravitational equilibrium point (SEMB-L1), varying from 235 to 265 Earth radii (Re). In 2001 and 2002, Wind had a distant prograde orbit that took it +/- 300 Re leading and lagging Earth. This orbit provided a wide baseline to study solar wind structures and correlations. In 2003 (Nov 2003 to Feb 2004), Wind reached the L2 Lagrange point 240 Re anti-sunward from Earth providing a 500 Re spatial separation from ACE solar wind observations along with measurements of the distant Earth magnetotail. In late June of 2004, Wind used its last lunar gravity assist to insert into a L1 Lissajous orbit to observe the unperturbed solar wind prior to it impacting the magnetosphere of Earth, providing an approx. one-hour warning of changes in the solar wind. On June 26, 2020, Wind completed the first halo orbit insertion maneuver. A second was completed on August 31, 2020, a third on November 9, 2020. The maneuvers were necessary to prevent Wind from entering the solar exclusion zone around the solar disk, where solar radio emissions can interfere with spacecraft communications. The halo orbit is an ellipse tilted with respect to the ecliptic plane, while Lissajous has an out-of-plane (z) component oscillation decoupled from in-plane components. Wind currently has enough fuel to continue its mission at L1 into the 2070s. SPACECRAFT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Bus size : 2.4 x 1.8 m cylinder Power : 370 Watts (body mounted solar panels) Launch mass: 1250 kg Dry mass : 950 kg Extension : Long wire spin-plane antennas, inertial booms, and spin-plane appendages to support sensors. Experiment booms deployed along both Z axes. Spin rate : 20 rpm (~3 s period) w/axis < 1 degree from normal to ecliptic (spacecraft +Z spin axis aligned with south ecliptic pole) SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS 1. Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) 2. Solar Wind Experiment (SWE) Faraday Cup - Ion Data Electron Data 3. 3D Plasma Analyzer 4. SMS Suprathermal Particle Data 5. EPACT High Energy Particle Data 6. WAVES Radio and Plasma Waves Data 7. KONUS and TGRS Data (gamma ray) SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY: This trajectory is a concatenation of weekly prediction provided by GSFC. Based on tracking data through 2026-May-25, prediction thereafter. Trajectory name Start Stop ---------------------------- ----------- ----------- Wind_merged 1994-Nov-01 2026-Aug-18 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Sun Jun 7 22:53:39 2026 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Wind (spacecraft) (-8) {source: Wind_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: VdS Remote Observatory, Hakos ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2025-Aug-07 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2025-Aug-21 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 16.3613, -23.2365766, 1.8515 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 16.3613,5865.52307,-2501.54567 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.260605.p260901 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2026-JUN-05. PREDICTS-> 2026-AUG-31 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-07 04:00 m 07 28 17.60 +22 45 19.8 65.360524 -0.420697 n.a. n.a. 1.004457708441 -0.1689059 0.01059343924758 -0.4614988 24.3097 /L 155.4414 175.7/ 94.3646 n.a. n.a. 1.4569900 57.987498 -67.98852 2025-Aug-07 04:10 A 07 28 18.44 +22 45 27.5 64.360255 1.660787 n.a. n.a. 1.004457030888 -0.1689619 0.01059159475784 -0.4581883 24.3136 /L 155.4376 175.8/ 94.4028 n.a. n.a. 1.3320263 55.122103 -69.58506 2025-Aug-07 04:20 A 07 28 19.18 +22 45 35.1 63.322727 3.724904 n.a. n.a. 1.004456353111 -0.1690179 0.01058976502071 -0.4541431 24.3179 /L 155.4333 175.9/ 94.4414 n.a. n.a. 1.2105933 51.801514 -71.15944 2025-Aug-07 04:30 A 07 28 19.82 +22 45 42.5 62.245378 5.770286 n.a. n.a. 1.004455675109 -0.1690739 0.01058795296832 -0.4493706 24.3225 /L 155.4287 175.9/ 94.4805 n.a. n.a. 1.0936724 47.905395 -72.69902 2025-Aug-07 04:40 N 07 28 20.35 +22 45 49.8 61.125479 7.795445 n.a. n.a. 1.004454996882 -0.1691299 0.01058616150030 -0.4438796 24.3275 /L 155.4237 176.0/ 94.5199 n.a. n.a. 0.9825267 43.277356 -74.18555 2025-Aug-07 04:50 N 07 28 20.79 +22 45 56.9 59.960123 9.798760 n.a. n.a. 1.004454318430 -0.1691859 0.01058439347826 -0.4376804 24.3328 /L 155.4183 176.1/ 94.5597 n.a. n.a. 0.8788190 37.719195 -75.59265 2025-Aug-07 05:00 N 07 28 21.13 +22 46 03.7 58.746221 11.778464 n.a. n.a. 1.004453639754 -0.1692419 0.01058265172015 -0.4307844 24.3385 /L 155.4126 176.2/ 94.5999 n.a. n.a. 0.7847577 30.994744 -76.88235 2025-Aug-07 05:10 C 07 28 21.37 +22 46 10.3 57.480499 13.732631 n.a. n.a. 1.004452960853 -0.1692979 0.01058093899494 -0.4232045 24.3446 /L 155.4066 176.3/ 94.6405 n.a. n.a. 0.7032322 22.861029 -78.00147 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-08 04:00 r 07 31 28.58 +22 33 19.3 65.468450 -0.175471 n.a. n.a. 1.004357821903 -0.1770038 0.01055081155289 -0.4618846 24.5086 /L 155.2416 170.4/ 98.1831 n.a. n.a. 1.4828172 59.848949 -67.73447 2025-Aug-08 04:10 Am 07 31 29.45 +22 33 26.7 64.464165 1.907735 n.a. n.a. 1.004357111871 -0.1770602 0.01054896563785 -0.4585134 24.5124 /L 155.2379 170.3/ 98.2042 n.a. n.a. 1.3550845 57.204357 -69.35135 2025-Aug-08 04:20 Am 07 31 30.22 +22 33 34.0 63.422553 3.973573 n.a. n.a. 1.004356401611 -0.1771167 0.01054713471932 -0.4544072 24.5165 /L 155.2338 170.2/ 98.2255 n.a. n.a. 1.2304896 54.144100 -70.95386 2025-Aug-08 04:30 Am 07 31 30.89 +22 33 41.2 62.341020 6.020671 n.a. n.a. 1.004355691126 -0.1771732 0.01054532173089 -0.4495734 24.5210 /L 155.2293 170.1/ 98.2470 n.a. n.a. 1.1098979 50.554616 -72.53172 2025-Aug-08 04:40 Nm 07 31 31.45 +22 33 48.2 61.216800 8.047536 n.a. n.a. 1.004354980414 -0.1772297 0.01054352957320 -0.4440210 24.5258 /L 155.2244 170.0/ 98.2687 n.a. n.a. 0.9944219 46.284513 -74.06981 2025-Aug-08 04:50 Nm 07 31 31.92 +22 33 55.0 60.046950 10.052539 n.a. n.a. 1.004354269475 -0.1772862 0.01054176110838 -0.4377601 24.5311 /L 155.2192 169.9/ 98.2905 n.a. n.a. 0.8855365 41.134021 -75.54569 2025-Aug-08 05:00 N 07 31 32.29 +22 34 01.5 58.828341 12.033906 n.a. n.a. 1.004353558310 -0.1773426 0.01054001915451 -0.4308026 24.5366 /L 155.2136 169.8/ 98.3125 n.a. n.a. 0.7852397 34.848586 -76.92617 2025-Aug-08 05:10 C 07 31 32.57 +22 34 07.9 57.557656 13.989698 n.a. n.a. 1.004352846918 -0.1773991 0.01053830648014 -0.4231613 24.5426 /L 155.2077 169.7/ 98.3347 n.a. n.a. 0.6962464 27.131491 -78.16262 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-09 04:00 r 07 34 45.79 +22 20 47.1 65.594210 0.052197 n.a. n.a. 1.004253239282 -0.1851673 0.01050816190994 -0.4623260 24.6815 /L 155.0681 158.1/ 99.8988 n.a. n.a. 1.5150144 61.844641 -67.40155 2025-Aug-09 04:10 Am 07 34 46.69 +22 20 54.2 64.586262 2.137408 n.a. n.a. 1.004252496507 -0.1852242 0.01050631432978 -0.4589025 24.6851 /L 155.0645 158.0/ 99.9030 n.a. n.a. 1.3845077 59.440031 -69.03592 2025-Aug-09 04:20 Am 07 34 47.50 +22 21 01.2 63.540950 4.205271 n.a. n.a. 1.004251753503 -0.1852811 0.01050448195724 -0.4547434 24.6891 /L 155.0605 157.9/ 99.9072 n.a. n.a. 1.2567451 56.665590 -70.66357 2025-Aug-09 04:30 Am 07 34 48.21 +22 21 08.1 62.455644 6.254409 n.a. n.a. 1.004251010271 -0.1853380 0.01050266772774 -0.4498563 24.6934 /L 155.0562 157.8/ 99.9113 n.a. n.a. 1.1324707 53.417893 -72.27664 2025-Aug-09 04:40 Nm 07 34 48.81 +22 21 14.7 61.327547 8.283325 n.a. n.a. 1.004250266811 -0.1853950 0.01050087454338 -0.4442503 24.6981 /L 155.0515 157.7/ 99.9153 n.a. n.a. 1.0126332 49.556109 -73.86332 2025-Aug-09 04:50 Nm 07 34 49.32 +22 21 21.2 60.153677 10.290386 n.a. n.a. 1.004249523123 -0.1854519 0.01049910526730 -0.4379356 24.7032 /L 155.0464 157.6/ 99.9192 n.a. n.a. 0.8984896 44.887997 -75.40569 2025-Aug-09 05:00 Nm 07 34 49.72 +22 21 27.5 58.930867 12.273808 n.a. n.a. 1.004248779206 -0.1855088 0.01049736271822 -0.4309241 24.7086 /L 155.0410 157.5/ 99.9230 n.a. n.a. 0.7917644 39.154459 -76.87639 2025-Aug-09 05:10 Cm 07 34 50.03 +22 21 33.5 57.655758 14.231648 n.a. n.a. 1.004248035061 -0.1855657 0.01049564966489 -0.4232290 24.7144 /L 155.0352 157.4/ 99.9267 n.a. n.a. 0.6948744 32.022024 -78.23362 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-10 04:00 m 07 38 09.76 +22 07 40.2 65.739526 0.260757 n.a. n.a. 1.004143923974 -0.1933918 0.01046545180115 -0.4629458 24.8261 /L 154.9231 145.3/ 99.2458 n.a. n.a. 1.5540372 63.954325 -66.99179 2025-Aug-10 04:10 Am 07 38 10.71 +22 07 47.0 64.728303 2.348283 n.a. n.a. 1.004143148211 -0.1934491 0.01046360182259 -0.4594789 24.8295 /L 154.9197 145.2/ 99.2346 n.a. n.a. 1.4208074 61.803644 -68.63952 2025-Aug-10 04:20 Am 07 38 11.56 +22 07 53.7 63.679708 4.418500 n.a. n.a. 1.004142372219 -0.1935065 0.01046176722712 -0.4552757 24.8333 /L 154.9159 145.1/ 99.2232 n.a. n.a. 1.2899448 59.333716 -70.28768 2025-Aug-10 04:30 Am 07 38 12.31 +22 08 00.2 62.591083 6.470031 n.a. n.a. 1.004141595996 -0.1935638 0.01045995095240 -0.4503441 24.8375 /L 154.9118 145.0/ 99.2113 n.a. n.a. 1.1620744 56.454168 -71.93076 2025-Aug-10 04:40 Nm 07 38 12.96 +22 08 06.6 61.459594 8.501374 n.a. n.a. 1.004140819544 -0.1936211 0.01045815590244 -0.4446930 24.8420 /L 154.9072 144.9/ 99.1992 n.a. n.a. 1.0379790 53.039956 -73.56027 2025-Aug-10 04:50 Nm 07 38 13.50 +22 08 12.7 60.282226 10.510894 n.a. n.a. 1.004140042861 -0.1936784 0.01045638494198 -0.4383330 24.8469 /L 154.9023 144.8/ 99.1867 n.a. n.a. 0.9186853 48.915816 -75.16297 2025-Aug-10 05:00 Nm 07 38 13.95 +22 08 18.7 59.055773 12.496803 n.a. n.a. 1.004139265949 -0.1937358 0.01045464089096 -0.4312759 24.8522 /L 154.8971 144.8/ 99.1738 n.a. n.a. 0.8056031 43.834842 -76.71801 2025-Aug-10 05:10 Cm 07 38 14.30 +22 08 24.4 57.776834 14.457149 n.a. n.a. 1.004138488807 -0.1937931 0.01045292651907 -0.4235349 24.8578 /L 154.8915 144.7/ 99.1606 n.a. n.a. 0.7007471 37.453861 -78.19223 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-11 04:00 m 07 41 41.02 +21 53 55.5 65.906171 0.448741 n.a. n.a. 1.004029842306 -0.2016718 0.01042257347804 -0.4638708 24.9401 /L 154.8090 132.2/ 96.0881 n.a. n.a. 1.6001005 66.149133 -66.51165 2025-Aug-11 04:10 Am 07 41 42.02 +21 54 01.9 64.892087 2.538915 n.a. n.a. 1.004029033334 -0.2017294 0.01042071985792 -0.4603700 24.9433 /L 154.8058 132.1/ 96.0641 n.a. n.a. 1.4642559 64.259526 -68.16745 2025-Aug-11 04:20 Am 07 41 42.92 +21 54 08.3 63.840661 4.611843 n.a. n.a. 1.004028224130 -0.2017871 0.01041888175820 -0.4561322 24.9469 /L 154.8022 132.0/ 96.0396 n.a. n.a. 1.3304356 62.103817 -69.82996 2025-Aug-11 04:30 Am 07 41 43.71 +21 54 14.4 62.749205 6.666147 n.a. n.a. 1.004027414695 -0.2018448 0.01041706211931 -0.4511653 24.9509 /L 154.7983 132.0/ 96.0146 n.a. n.a. 1.1991556 59.606709 -71.49585 2025-Aug-11 04:40 Nm 07 41 44.40 +21 54 20.4 61.614852 8.700326 n.a. n.a. 1.004026605029 -0.2019025 0.01041526384774 -0.4454784 24.9553 /L 154.7939 131.9/ 95.9890 n.a. n.a. 1.0710438 56.662929 -73.15970 2025-Aug-11 04:50 Nm 07 41 44.99 +21 54 26.2 60.434553 10.712740 n.a. n.a. 1.004025795131 -0.2019602 0.01041348981041 -0.4390821 24.9600 /L 154.7892 131.8/ 95.9629 n.a. n.a. 0.9469045 53.122204 -74.81273 2025-Aug-11 05:00 Cm 07 41 45.49 +21 54 31.8 59.205064 12.701600 n.a. n.a. 1.004024985002 -0.2020179 0.01041174282918 -0.4319882 24.9650 /L 154.7841 131.7/ 95.9362 n.a. n.a. 0.8278260 48.766004 -76.44058 2025-Aug-11 05:10 Cm 07 41 45.89 +21 54 37.2 57.922944 14.664951 n.a. n.a. 1.004024174642 -0.2020756 0.01041002567538 -0.4242100 24.9705 /L 154.7787 131.6/ 95.9090 n.a. n.a. 0.7153673 43.273117 -78.01957 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-12 04:00 m 07 45 20.02 +21 39 29.5 66.095872 0.614861 n.a. n.a. 1.003910964780 -0.2100003 0.01037935132892 -0.4652179 25.0215 /L 154.7279 118.9/ 90.4645 n.a. n.a. 1.6531144 68.393961 -65.97214 2025-Aug-12 04:10 Am 07 45 21.07 +21 39 35.6 65.079366 2.708041 n.a. n.a. 1.003910122403 -0.2100583 0.01037749235380 -0.4616932 25.0245 /L 154.7249 118.9/ 90.4308 n.a. n.a. 1.5148138 66.764992 -67.62986 2025-Aug-12 04:20 Am 07 45 22.02 +21 39 41.5 64.025590 4.784062 n.a. n.a. 1.003909279794 -0.2101163 0.01037564899649 -0.4574308 25.0279 /L 154.7215 118.8/ 90.3965 n.a. n.a. 1.3782431 64.923123 -69.29947 2025-Aug-12 04:30 Am 07 45 22.86 +21 39 47.3 62.931823 6.841548 n.a. n.a. 1.003908436952 -0.2101743 0.01037382420069 -0.4524384 25.0316 /L 154.7178 118.7/ 90.3617 n.a. n.a. 1.2438257 62.808956 -70.97946 2025-Aug-12 04:40 Nm 07 45 23.61 +21 39 52.9 61.795169 8.878997 n.a. n.a. 1.003907593877 -0.2102323 0.01037202087598 -0.4467253 25.0358 /L 154.7136 118.6/ 90.3261 n.a. n.a. 1.1120567 60.339074 -72.66701 2025-Aug-12 04:50 Nm 07 45 24.25 +21 39 58.4 60.612545 10.894772 n.a. n.a. 1.003906750570 -0.2102903 0.01037024189218 -0.4403020 25.0403 /L 154.7091 118.6/ 90.2900 n.a. n.a. 0.9835454 57.393206 -74.35721 2025-Aug-12 05:00 Cm 07 45 24.79 +21 40 03.6 59.380672 12.887081 n.a. n.a. 1.003905907030 -0.2103483 0.01036849007381 -0.4331805 25.0452 /L 154.7043 118.5/ 90.2531 n.a. n.a. 0.8590884 53.793040 -76.04157 2025-Aug-12 05:10 Cm 07 45 25.24 +21 40 08.5 58.096066 14.853970 n.a. n.a. 1.003905063258 -0.2104063 0.01036676819463 -0.4253742 25.0504 /L 154.6991 118.4/ 90.2155 n.a. n.a. 0.7398027 49.266867 -77.70535 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-13 04:00 m 07 49 07.15 +21 24 18.8 66.310253 0.758095 n.a. n.a. 1.003787264434 -0.2183691 0.01033555140673 -0.4670800 25.0684 /L 154.6816 105.5/ 82.6079 n.a. n.a. 1.7126608 70.651463 -65.38812 2025-Aug-13 04:10 Am 07 49 08.25 +21 24 24.4 65.291782 2.854659 n.a. n.a. 1.003786388492 -0.2184274 0.01033368499075 -0.4635417 25.0712 /L 154.6788 105.5/ 82.5676 n.a. n.a. 1.5720998 69.275368 -67.04127 2025-Aug-13 04:20 Am 07 49 09.25 +21 24 30.0 64.236155 4.934177 n.a. n.a. 1.003785512315 -0.2184856 0.01033183424902 -0.4592647 25.0743 /L 154.6757 105.4/ 82.5268 n.a. n.a. 1.4330316 67.737229 -68.71020 2025-Aug-13 04:30 Am 07 49 10.15 +21 24 35.3 63.140623 6.995275 n.a. n.a. 1.003784635906 -0.2185438 0.01033000212913 -0.4542568 25.0779 /L 154.6721 105.4/ 82.4854 n.a. n.a. 1.2958073 65.993154 -70.39480 2025-Aug-13 04:40 Nm 07 49 10.95 +21 24 40.6 62.002260 9.036456 n.a. n.a. 1.003783759262 -0.2186021 0.01032819154437 -0.4485272 25.0818 /L 154.6682 105.3/ 82.4434 n.a. n.a. 1.1608182 63.981564 -72.09429 2025-Aug-13 04:50 Nm 07 49 11.64 +21 24 45.6 60.817950 11.056084 n.a. n.a. 1.003782882386 -0.2186603 0.01032640536818 -0.4420866 25.0861 /L 154.6640 105.2/ 82.4008 n.a. n.a. 1.0285197 61.613493 -73.80677 2025-Aug-13 05:00 Cm 07 49 12.24 +21 24 50.4 59.584378 13.052370 n.a. n.a. 1.003782005275 -0.2187186 0.01032464642859 -0.4349470 25.0907 /L 154.6593 105.1/ 82.3575 n.a. n.a. 0.8994739 58.756020 -75.52840 2025-Aug-13 05:10 Cm 07 49 12.74 +21 24 54.9 58.298023 15.023362 n.a. n.a. 1.003781127931 -0.2187768 0.01032291750270 -0.4271217 25.0957 /L 154.6543 105.1/ 82.3136 n.a. n.a. 0.7744287 55.202936 -77.25185 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-14 04:00 m 07 53 02.66 +21 08 19.9 66.550703 0.877781 n.a. n.a. 1.003658721436 -0.2267682 0.01029089860122 -0.4695135 25.0794 /L 154.6715 92.1/ 72.9326 n.a. n.a. 1.7780316 72.886061 -64.77667 2025-Aug-14 04:10 Am 07 53 03.82 +21 08 25.1 65.530734 2.978122 n.a. n.a. 1.003657811807 -0.2268266 0.01028902243155 -0.4659720 25.0820 /L 154.6690 92.1/ 72.8882 n.a. n.a. 1.6354248 71.748936 -66.41897 2025-Aug-14 04:20 Am 07 53 04.88 +21 08 30.2 64.473768 5.061555 n.a. n.a. 1.003656901943 -0.2268850 0.01028716195131 -0.4616907 25.0849 /L 154.6660 92.0/ 72.8435 n.a. n.a. 1.4941333 70.496376 -68.07962 2025-Aug-14 04:30 Am 07 53 05.84 +21 08 35.1 63.377031 7.126714 n.a. n.a. 1.003655991845 -0.2269434 0.01028532011257 -0.4566773 25.0882 /L 154.6628 92.0/ 72.7984 n.a. n.a. 1.3544574 69.098593 -69.75946 2025-Aug-14 04:40 Nm 07 53 06.69 +21 08 39.9 62.237568 9.172106 n.a. n.a. 1.003655081512 -0.2270018 0.01028349983313 -0.4509411 25.0919 /L 154.6591 91.9/ 72.7529 n.a. n.a. 1.2167153 67.514065 -71.45913 2025-Aug-14 04:50 Nm 07 53 07.44 +21 08 44.5 61.052231 11.196099 n.a. n.a. 1.003654170946 -0.2270602 0.01028170399082 -0.4444929 25.0959 /L 154.6550 91.8/ 72.7069 n.a. n.a. 1.0812541 65.683109 -73.17885 2025-Aug-14 05:00 Cm 07 53 08.10 +21 08 48.8 59.817671 13.196911 n.a. n.a. 1.003653260145 -0.2271187 0.01027993541801 -0.4373445 25.1004 /L 154.6506 91.8/ 72.6604 n.a. n.a. 0.9484704 63.516779 -74.91804 2025-Aug-14 05:10 Cm 07 53 08.66 +21 08 53.0 58.530331 15.172591 n.a. n.a. 1.003652349110 -0.2271771 0.01027819689607 -0.4295094 25.1051 /L 154.6459 91.7/ 72.6133 n.a. n.a. 0.8188472 60.876735 -76.67457 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-15 04:00 m 07 57 06.71 +20 51 29.6 66.818343 0.973637 n.a. n.a. 1.003525321585 -0.2351859 0.01024509877222 -0.4725328 25.0537 /L 154.6985 78.8/ 61.9929 n.a. n.a. 1.8483041 75.067534 -64.15519 2025-Aug-15 04:10 Am 07 57 07.93 +20 51 34.3 65.797340 3.078156 n.a. n.a. 1.003524378194 -0.2352444 0.01024321047872 -0.4689984 25.0560 /L 154.6962 78.7/ 61.9462 n.a. n.a. 1.7038668 74.151150 -65.78106 2025-Aug-15 04:20 Am 07 57 09.05 +20 51 38.9 64.739550 5.165935 n.a. n.a. 1.003523434568 -0.2353029 0.01024133784894 -0.4647228 25.0587 /L 154.6936 78.6/ 61.8995 n.a. n.a. 1.5606238 73.160483 -67.42660 2025-Aug-15 04:30 Am 07 57 10.06 +20 51 43.4 63.642173 7.235613 n.a. n.a. 1.003522490708 -0.2353614 0.01023948384016 -0.4597139 25.0617 /L 154.6905 78.6/ 61.8526 n.a. n.a. 1.4188441 72.077838 -69.09323 2025-Aug-15 04:40 Nm 07 57 10.97 +20 51 47.7 62.502226 9.285705 n.a. n.a. 1.003521546613 -0.2354199 0.01023765137535 -0.4539809 25.0652 /L 154.6871 78.5/ 61.8057 n.a. n.a. 1.2788009 70.878846 -70.78244 2025-Aug-15 04:50 Nm 07 57 11.78 +20 51 51.8 61.316532 11.314588 n.a. n.a. 1.003520602283 -0.2354784 0.01023584333757 -0.4475345 25.0690 /L 154.6833 78.5/ 61.7585 n.a. n.a. 1.1407757 69.528899 -72.49569 2025-Aug-15 05:00 Cm 07 57 12.50 +20 51 55.7 60.081709 13.320486 n.a. n.a. 1.003519657719 -0.2355368 0.01023406256443 -0.4403867 25.0731 /L 154.6792 78.4/ 61.7111 n.a. n.a. 1.0050645 67.977010 -74.23435 2025-Aug-15 05:10 Cm 07 57 13.11 +20 51 59.4 58.794163 15.301456 n.a. n.a. 1.003518712921 -0.2355953 0.01023231184258 -0.4325509 25.0777 /L 154.6747 78.4/ 61.6634 n.a. n.a. 0.8719910 66.144682 -75.99942 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-16 04:00 m 08 01 19.29 +20 33 45.0 67.113975 1.045775 n.a. n.a. 1.003387057874 -0.2436090 0.01019786266742 -0.4761096 24.9908 /L 154.7631 65.5/ 50.4279 n.a. n.a. 1.9224451 77.172968 -63.53941 2025-Aug-16 04:10 Am 08 01 20.58 +20 33 49.2 66.092395 3.154875 n.a. n.a. 1.003386080700 -0.2436675 0.01019595999387 -0.4725923 24.9928 /L 154.7611 65.4/ 50.3801 n.a. n.a. 1.7763784 76.456718 -65.14435 2025-Aug-16 04:20 Am 08 01 21.75 +20 33 53.4 65.034288 5.247429 n.a. n.a. 1.003385103291 -0.2437260 0.01019407291840 -0.4683324 24.9952 /L 154.7587 65.4/ 50.3326 n.a. n.a. 1.6314341 75.701407 -66.76919 2025-Aug-16 04:30 Nm 08 01 22.83 +20 33 57.3 63.936830 7.322086 n.a. n.a. 1.003384125648 -0.2437845 0.01019220440411 -0.4633376 24.9980 /L 154.7559 65.3/ 50.2853 n.a. n.a. 1.4878661 74.899184 -68.41563 2025-Aug-16 04:40 Nm 08 01 23.80 +20 34 01.2 62.797012 9.377370 n.a. n.a. 1.003383147770 -0.2438429 0.01019035737993 -0.4576173 25.0012 /L 154.7528 65.2/ 50.2382 n.a. n.a. 1.3459259 74.039498 -70.08554 2025-Aug-16 04:50 Nm 08 01 24.67 +20 34 04.8 61.611628 11.411669 n.a. n.a. 1.003382169658 -0.2439014 0.01018853473502 -0.4511821 25.0048 /L 154.7493 65.2/ 50.1912 n.a. n.a. 1.2058635 73.107715 -71.78095 2025-Aug-16 05:00 Cm 08 01 25.44 +20 34 08.2 60.377266 13.423216 n.a. n.a. 1.003381191311 -0.2439599 0.01018673931310 -0.4440439 25.0087 /L 154.7453 65.1/ 50.1443 n.a. n.a. 1.0679273 72.082773 -73.50412 2025-Aug-16 05:10 Cm 08 01 26.12 +20 34 11.4 59.090295 15.410079 n.a. n.a. 1.003380212730 -0.2440184 0.01018497390707 -0.4362161 25.0129 /L 154.7411 65.1/ 50.0973 n.a. n.a. 0.9323662 70.933014 -75.25745 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-17 04:00 m 08 05 40.31 +20 15 03.6 67.438074 1.094663 n.a. n.a. 1.003243931222 -0.2520234 0.01014892862213 -0.4801771 24.8907 /L 154.8653 52.3/ 38.9035 n.a. n.a. 1.9994179 79.187202 -62.94192 2025-Aug-17 04:10 Am 08 05 41.65 +20 15 07.4 66.416355 3.208740 n.a. n.a. 1.003242920300 -0.2520818 0.01014700958124 -0.4766866 24.8924 /L 154.8636 52.3/ 38.8556 n.a. n.a. 1.8518986 78.649848 -64.52262 2025-Aug-17 04:20 Am 08 05 42.89 +20 15 11.0 65.358422 5.306492 n.a. n.a. 1.003241909144 -0.2521402 0.01014510603410 -0.4724518 24.8946 /L 154.8614 52.2/ 38.8083 n.a. n.a. 1.7054699 78.102821 -66.12263 2025-Aug-17 04:30 Nm 08 05 44.02 +20 15 14.5 64.261427 7.386581 n.a. n.a. 1.003240897753 -0.2521986 0.01014322095035 -0.4674806 24.8971 /L 154.8589 52.1/ 38.7615 n.a. n.a. 1.5603827 77.545956 -67.74366 2025-Aug-17 04:40 Nm 08 05 45.06 +20 15 17.8 63.122336 9.447543 n.a. n.a. 1.003239886129 -0.2522569 0.01014135726566 -0.4617822 24.9001 /L 154.8560 52.1/ 38.7152 n.a. n.a. 1.4168840 76.979284 -69.38760 2025-Aug-17 04:50 Nm 08 05 45.99 +20 15 20.9 61.937918 11.487776 n.a. n.a. 1.003238874270 -0.2523153 0.01013951787604 -0.4553670 24.9034 /L 154.8527 52.0/ 38.6694 n.a. n.a. 1.2752169 76.403149 -71.05658 2025-Aug-17 05:00 Cm 08 05 46.82 +20 15 23.8 60.704730 13.505529 n.a. n.a. 1.003237862177 -0.2523737 0.01013770563232 -0.4482472 24.9070 /L 154.8491 52.0/ 38.6239 n.a. n.a. 1.1356194 75.818414 -72.75298 2025-Aug-17 05:10 Cm 08 05 47.55 +20 15 26.5 59.419108 15.498880 n.a. n.a. 1.003236849851 -0.2524320 0.01013592333458 -0.4404359 24.9110 /L 154.8451 51.9/ 38.5787 n.a. n.a. 0.9983240 75.226811 -74.47949 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-18 04:00 m 08 10 09.54 +19 55 23.6 67.790802 1.121069 n.a. n.a. 1.003095950706 -0.2604153 0.01009808218719 -0.4846360 24.7538 /L 155.0046 39.3/ 28.0611 n.a. n.a. 2.0782797 81.102184 -62.37115 2025-Aug-18 04:10 Am 08 10 10.94 +19 55 26.8 66.769358 3.240504 n.a. n.a. 1.003094906127 -0.2604735 0.01009614519007 -0.4811816 24.7553 /L 155.0031 39.3/ 28.0145 n.a. n.a. 1.9294556 80.723170 -63.92553 2025-Aug-18 04:20 Am 08 10 12.24 +19 55 29.9 65.712065 5.343864 n.a. n.a. 1.003093861314 -0.2605316 0.01009422354533 -0.4769812 24.7572 /L 155.0012 39.2/ 27.9687 n.a. n.a. 1.7817208 80.358531 -65.49801 2025-Aug-18 04:30 Nm 08 10 13.43 +19 55 32.8 64.616054 7.429823 n.a. n.a. 1.003092816268 -0.2605898 0.01009232022978 -0.4720426 24.7595 /L 154.9990 39.2/ 27.9237 n.a. n.a. 1.6353317 80.013883 -67.09012 2025-Aug-18 04:40 Nm 08 10 14.52 +19 55 35.6 63.478268 9.496931 n.a. n.a. 1.003091770988 -0.2606480 0.01009043818656 -0.4663748 24.7622 /L 154.9963 39.1/ 27.8793 n.a. n.a. 1.4905425 79.697016 -68.70359 2025-Aug-18 04:50 Nm 08 10 15.51 +19 55 38.2 62.295449 11.543602 n.a. n.a. 1.003090725476 -0.2607061 0.01008858031938 -0.4599883 24.7652 /L 154.9933 39.1/ 27.8356 n.a. n.a. 1.3476056 79.418948 -70.34030 2025-Aug-18 05:00 Cm 08 10 16.40 +19 55 40.6 61.064127 13.568099 n.a. n.a. 1.003089679730 -0.2607643 0.01008674948702 -0.4528951 24.7686 /L 154.9899 39.0/ 27.7924 n.a. n.a. 1.2067715 79.195614 -72.00232 2025-Aug-18 05:10 Cm 08 10 17.19 +19 55 42.8 59.780607 15.568517 n.a. n.a. 1.003088633750 -0.2608224 0.01008494849776 -0.4451085 24.7724 /L 154.9862 38.9/ 27.7498 n.a. n.a. 1.0682909 79.050745 -73.69188 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-19 04:00 m 08 14 46.68 +19 34 43.3 68.172054 1.125965 n.a. n.a. 1.002943131697 -0.2687726 0.01004517194367 -0.4893620 24.5811 /L 155.1801 26.6/ 18.4746 n.a. n.a. 2.1582595 82.915739 -61.83090 2025-Aug-19 04:10 Am 08 14 48.14 +19 34 46.0 67.151268 3.251120 n.a. n.a. 1.002942053599 -0.2688305 0.01004321590121 -0.4859526 24.5823 /L 155.1789 26.6/ 18.4313 n.a. n.a. 2.0082488 82.676049 -63.35797 2025-Aug-19 04:20 Am 08 14 49.50 +19 34 48.5 66.095053 5.360476 n.a. n.a. 1.002940975269 -0.2688884 0.01004127503440 -0.4817953 24.5839 /L 155.1773 26.5/ 18.3890 n.a. n.a. 1.8593481 82.470128 -64.90149 2025-Aug-19 04:30 Nm 08 14 50.75 +19 34 50.9 65.000517 7.452721 n.a. n.a. 1.002939896706 -0.2689463 0.01003935232789 -0.4768978 24.5860 /L 155.1753 26.4/ 18.3474 n.a. n.a. 1.7118247 82.307797 -66.46278 2025-Aug-19 04:40 Nm 08 14 51.90 +19 34 53.2 63.864583 9.526422 n.a. n.a. 1.002938817912 -0.2690042 0.01003745073297 -0.4712690 24.5884 /L 155.1729 26.4/ 18.3066 n.a. n.a. 1.5659471 82.202319 -68.04319 2025-Aug-19 04:50 Nm 08 14 52.94 +19 34 55.2 62.683969 11.580010 n.a. n.a. 1.002937738885 -0.2690621 0.01003557316187 -0.4649194 24.5912 /L 155.1702 26.3/ 18.2665 n.a. n.a. 1.4219863 82.171952 -69.64421 2025-Aug-19 05:00 Cm 08 14 53.89 +19 34 57.1 61.455179 13.611765 n.a. n.a. 1.002936659626 -0.2691199 0.01003372248217 -0.4578609 24.5943 /L 155.1670 26.3/ 18.2271 n.a. n.a. 1.2802181 82.242388 -71.26734 2025-Aug-19 05:10 Cm 08 14 54.74 +19 34 58.7 60.174484 15.619802 n.a. n.a. 1.002935580135 -0.2691778 0.01003190151124 -0.4501066 24.5978 /L 155.1635 26.2/ 18.1884 n.a. n.a. 1.1409285 82.450755 -72.91404 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Aug-20 04:00 m 08 19 31.37 +19 13 01.8 68.581483 1.110506 n.a. n.a. 1.002785499170 -0.2770876 0.00999012129837 -0.4942125 24.3734 /L 155.3909 14.3/ 10.6142 n.a. n.a. 2.2388142 84.630110 -61.32041 2025-Aug-20 04:10 Am 08 19 32.89 +19 13 03.9 67.561705 3.241717 n.a. n.a. 1.002784387723 -0.2771452 0.00998814569401 -0.4908566 24.3744 /L 155.3900 14.3/ 10.5771 n.a. n.a. 2.0877079 84.512713 -62.82005 2025-Aug-20 04:20 Am 08 19 34.30 +19 13 05.9 66.506971 5.357429 n.a. n.a. 1.002783276045 -0.2772028 0.00998618505507 -0.4867507 24.3758 /L 155.3886 14.2/ 10.5407 n.a. n.a. 1.9377470 84.444560 -64.33426 2025-Aug-20 04:30 Nm 08 19 35.61 +19 13 07.7 65.414369 7.456347 n.a. n.a. 1.002782164136 -0.2772604 0.00998424237461 -0.4819024 24.3776 /L 155.3869 14.2/ 10.5051 n.a. n.a. 1.7892131 84.438432 -65.86404 2025-Aug-20 04:40 Nm 08 19 36.82 +19 13 09.4 64.280800 9.537058 n.a. n.a. 1.002781051996 -0.2773179 0.00998232061277 -0.4763206 24.3797 /L 155.3848 14.1/ 10.4702 n.a. n.a. 1.6423927 84.511297 -67.41036 2025-Aug-20 04:50 Nm 08 19 37.92 +19 13 10.9 63.102962 11.598010 n.a. n.a. 1.002779939625 -0.2773755 0.00998042269103 -0.4700157 24.3823 /L 155.3823 14.0/ 10.4360 n.a. n.a. 1.4975800 84.686074 -68.97420 2025-Aug-20 05:00 Cm 08 19 38.92 +19 13 12.2 61.877333 13.637506 n.a. n.a. 1.002778827024 -0.2774331 0.00997855148656 -0.4629993 24.3852 /L 155.3794 14.0/ 10.4025 n.a. n.a. 1.3550816 84.994327 -70.55638 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Inquiries : contact-ssd@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************