API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Mar 13, 2025 Wind Spacecraft / (Earth) -8 https://wind.nasa.gov/ https://hpde.io/SMWG/Observatory/Wind https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/25-years-of-science-in-the-solar-wind BACKGROUND: The primary science objectives of the Wind mission are: - Provide plasma, energetic particle, and magnetic field data for magnetospheric and ionospheric studies - Investigate plasma processes occurring in the near-Earth solar wind - Provide baseline, 1 AU, ecliptic plane observations for inner and outer heliospheric missions Wind is a spin-stabilized spacecraft launched on a Delta II 7925-10 rocket 1994-Nov-1 @ 09:31 UTC from pad 17B at Cape Canaveral, FL. The spacecraft has visited many regions of the near-Earth space environment. For the first nine months of operation, Wind was placed in a double-lunar swingby orbit near the ecliptic plane, with apogee from 80 to 250 Earth radii and perigee of between 5 and 10 Earth radii. In this orbit, lunar gravity assists were used to keep its apogee over the day hemisphere of the Earth, and magnetospheric observations were made through several orbit passages. Wind was then temporarily inserted into a small amplitude "halo" orbit, about the sunward Sun-Earth gravitational equilibrium point (SEMB-L1), varying from 235 to 265 Earth radii (Re). In 2001 and 2002, Wind had a distant prograde orbit that took it +/- 300 Re leading and lagging Earth. This orbit provided a wide baseline to study solar wind structures and correlations. In 2003 (Nov 2003 to Feb 2004), Wind reached the L2 Lagrange point 240 Re anti-sunward from Earth providing a 500 Re spatial separation from ACE solar wind observations along with measurements of the distant Earth magnetotail. In late June of 2004, Wind used its last lunar gravity assist to insert into a L1 Lissajous orbit to observe the unperturbed solar wind prior to it impacting the magnetosphere of Earth, providing an approx. one-hour warning of changes in the solar wind. On June 26, 2020, Wind completed the first halo orbit insertion maneuver. A second was completed on August 31, 2020, a third on November 9, 2020. The maneuvers were necessary to prevent Wind from entering the solar exclusion zone around the solar disk, where solar radio emissions can interfere with spacecraft communications. The halo orbit is an ellipse tilted with respect to the ecliptic plane, while Lissajous has an out-of-plane (z) component oscillation decoupled from in-plane components. Wind currently has enough fuel to continue its mission at L1 into the 2070s. SPACECRAFT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Bus size : 2.4 x 1.8 m cylinder Power : 370 Watts (body mounted solar panels) Launch mass: 1250 kg Dry mass : 950 kg Extension : Long wire spin-plane antennas, inertial booms, and spin-plane appendages to support sensors. Experiment booms deployed along both Z axes. Spin rate : 20 rpm (~3 s period) w/axis < 1 degree from normal to ecliptic (spacecraft +Z spin axis aligned with south ecliptic pole) SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS 1. Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) 2. Solar Wind Experiment (SWE) Faraday Cup - Ion Data Electron Data 3. 3D Plasma Analyzer 4. SMS Suprathermal Particle Data 5. EPACT High Energy Particle Data 6. WAVES Radio and Plasma Waves Data 7. KONUS and TGRS Data (gamma ray) SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY: This trajectory is a concatenation of weekly prediction provided by GSFC. Based on tracking data through 2025-March-10, prediction thereafter. Trajectory name Start Stop ---------------------------- ----------- ----------- Wind_merged 1994-Nov-01 2025-Jun-03 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Sat Mar 22 02:25:42 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Wind (spacecraft) (-8) {source: Wind_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: VdS Remote Observatory, Hakos ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2025-Feb-17 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2025-Mar-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 16.3613, -23.2365766, 1.8515 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 16.3613,5865.52307,-2501.54567 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.250321.p250617 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-MAR-21. PREDICTS-> 2025-JUN-16 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-17 03:00 m 20 21 53.06 -19 30 18.4 110.599386 1.365482 n.a. n.a. 0.979156010955 0.4271106 0.00994126281868 -0.4787679 25.1876 /L 154.5647 104.2/ 81.8221 n.a. n.a. 3.2019467 104.74512 -51.21390 2025-Feb-17 03:10 m 20 21 55.20 -19 30 26.6 109.649528 3.521593 n.a. n.a. 0.979157724045 0.4271367 0.00993933881446 -0.4805683 25.1870 /L 154.5654 104.2/ 81.7931 n.a. n.a. 3.0554541 105.57312 -52.62608 2025-Feb-17 03:20 m 20 21 57.22 -19 30 34.9 108.726613 5.690688 n.a. n.a. 0.979159437239 0.4271628 0.00993740911564 -0.4816072 25.1869 /L 154.5656 104.1/ 81.7640 n.a. n.a. 2.9084224 106.44569 -54.04386 2025-Feb-17 03:30 Am 20 21 59.14 -19 30 43.2 107.828387 7.871869 n.a. n.a. 0.979161150538 0.4271889 0.00993547678192 -0.4818820 25.1871 /L 154.5654 104.1/ 81.7346 n.a. n.a. 2.7611406 107.36867 -55.46750 2025-Feb-17 03:40 Am 20 22 00.95 -19 30 51.5 106.952699 10.064305 n.a. n.a. 0.979162863943 0.4272150 0.00993354487944 -0.4813921 25.1878 /L 154.5647 104.1/ 81.7050 n.a. n.a. 2.6139023 108.34894 -56.89721 2025-Feb-17 03:50 Am 20 22 02.65 -19 30 59.7 106.097488 12.267228 n.a. n.a. 0.979164577451 0.4272411 0.00993161647496 -0.4801379 25.1889 /L 154.5637 104.0/ 81.6750 n.a. n.a. 2.4670059 109.39472 -58.33323 2025-Feb-17 04:00 Nm 20 22 04.24 -19 31 07.9 105.260767 14.479928 n.a. n.a. 0.979166291064 0.4272672 0.00992969463007 -0.4781214 25.1904 /L 154.5622 104.0/ 81.6448 n.a. n.a. 2.3207550 110.51587 -59.77570 2025-Feb-17 04:10 Nm 20 22 05.72 -19 31 16.1 104.440602 16.701742 n.a. n.a. 0.979168004782 0.4272932 0.00992778239525 -0.4753462 25.1923 /L 154.5604 103.9/ 81.6141 n.a. n.a. 2.1754599 111.72435 -61.22474 2025-Feb-17 04:20 Nm 20 22 07.10 -19 31 24.1 103.635103 18.932055 n.a. n.a. 0.979169718605 0.4273193 0.00992588280414 -0.4718172 25.1946 /L 154.5581 103.9/ 81.5831 n.a. n.a. 2.0314387 113.03483 -62.68035 2025-Feb-17 04:30 Cm 20 22 08.36 -19 31 32.0 102.842403 21.170290 n.a. n.a. 0.979171432531 0.4273454 0.00992399886764 -0.4675408 25.1973 /L 154.5554 103.8/ 81.5515 n.a. n.a. 1.8890198 114.46545 -64.14237 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-18 03:00 m 20 26 28.35 -19 21 24.5 110.524263 1.165562 n.a. n.a. 0.979403728089 0.4307617 0.00989490223264 -0.4804423 25.1105 /L 154.6437 93.3/ 73.8980 n.a. n.a. 3.2935025 103.54426 -50.65249 2025-Feb-18 03:10 m 20 26 30.56 -19 21 32.3 109.571540 3.322419 n.a. n.a. 0.979405455820 0.4307864 0.00989297140732 -0.4822953 25.1097 /L 154.6446 93.3/ 73.8658 n.a. n.a. 3.1454797 104.29675 -52.05040 2025-Feb-18 03:20 m 20 26 32.66 -19 21 40.2 108.645757 5.492252 n.a. n.a. 0.979407183650 0.4308111 0.00989103467738 -0.4833863 25.1093 /L 154.6451 93.2/ 73.8337 n.a. n.a. 2.9968387 105.08563 -53.45425 2025-Feb-18 03:30 Am 20 26 34.65 -19 21 48.1 107.744639 7.674161 n.a. n.a. 0.979408911578 0.4308357 0.00988909510372 -0.4837131 25.1093 /L 154.6452 93.2/ 73.8016 n.a. n.a. 2.8478624 105.91545 -54.86440 2025-Feb-18 03:40 Am 20 26 36.53 -19 21 55.9 106.866015 9.867313 n.a. n.a. 0.979410639606 0.4308604 0.00988715575409 -0.4832746 25.1097 /L 154.6448 93.2/ 73.7694 n.a. n.a. 2.6988365 106.79156 -56.28122 2025-Feb-18 03:50 Am 20 26 38.30 -19 22 03.7 106.007804 12.070940 n.a. n.a. 0.979412367732 0.4308850 0.00988521969726 -0.4820712 25.1105 /L 154.6440 93.1/ 73.7371 n.a. n.a. 2.5500497 107.72029 -57.70507 2025-Feb-18 04:00 Nm 20 26 39.96 -19 22 11.5 105.167996 14.284327 n.a. n.a. 0.979414095958 0.4309096 0.00988328999719 -0.4801050 25.1117 /L 154.6429 93.1/ 73.7046 n.a. n.a. 2.4017937 108.70920 -59.13633 2025-Feb-18 04:10 Nm 20 26 41.51 -19 22 19.2 104.344639 16.506811 n.a. n.a. 0.979415824282 0.4309343 0.00988136970714 -0.4773793 25.1133 /L 154.6413 93.0/ 73.6719 n.a. n.a. 2.2543636 109.76742 -60.57538 2025-Feb-18 04:20 Nm 20 26 42.95 -19 22 26.9 103.535819 18.737776 n.a. n.a. 0.979417552704 0.4309589 0.00987946186391 -0.4738990 25.1154 /L 154.6393 93.0/ 73.6390 n.a. n.a. 2.1080587 110.90606 -62.02255 2025-Feb-18 04:30 Cm 20 26 44.29 -19 22 34.4 102.739645 20.976644 n.a. n.a. 0.979419281226 0.4309835 0.00987756948196 -0.4696702 25.1178 /L 154.6369 92.9/ 73.6057 n.a. n.a. 1.9631833 112.13881 -63.47815 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-19 03:00 m 20 31 12.92 -19 11 31.6 110.449390 0.925446 n.a. n.a. 0.979653520866 0.4342158 0.00984761642340 -0.4823601 24.9939 /L 154.7626 82.5/ 65.1015 n.a. n.a. 3.3890946 102.33689 -50.09423 2025-Feb-19 03:10 m 20 31 15.20 -19 11 38.9 109.493267 3.083034 n.a. n.a. 0.979655262448 0.4342391 0.00984567777705 -0.4842774 24.9928 /L 154.7638 82.4/ 65.0663 n.a. n.a. 3.2395924 103.01669 -51.47703 2025-Feb-19 03:20 m 20 31 17.37 -19 11 46.3 108.564103 5.253597 n.a. n.a. 0.979657004123 0.4342624 0.00984373296834 -0.4854326 24.9921 /L 154.7645 82.4/ 65.0313 n.a. n.a. 3.0893993 103.72528 -52.86594 2025-Feb-19 03:30 Am 20 31 19.43 -19 11 53.7 107.659600 7.436231 n.a. n.a. 0.979658745892 0.4342857 0.00984178505946 -0.4858231 24.9918 /L 154.7649 82.3/ 64.9965 n.a. n.a. 2.9387936 104.46605 -54.26137 2025-Feb-19 03:40 Am 20 31 21.39 -19 12 01.1 106.777563 9.630101 n.a. n.a. 0.979660487754 0.4343090 0.00983983711997 -0.4854478 24.9919 /L 154.7648 82.3/ 64.9620 n.a. n.a. 2.7880554 105.24297 -55.66377 2025-Feb-19 03:50 Am 20 31 23.23 -19 12 08.4 105.915889 11.834436 n.a. n.a. 0.979662229709 0.4343323 0.00983789222091 -0.4843071 24.9925 /L 154.7643 82.3/ 64.9275 n.a. n.a. 2.6374667 106.06069 -57.07362 2025-Feb-19 04:00 Nm 20 31 24.96 -19 12 15.8 105.072543 14.048520 n.a. n.a. 0.979663971758 0.4343555 0.00983595342895 -0.4824027 24.9934 /L 154.7634 82.2/ 64.8931 n.a. n.a. 2.4873106 106.92470 -58.49144 2025-Feb-19 04:10 Nm 20 31 26.59 -19 12 23.0 104.245550 16.271688 n.a. n.a. 0.979665713899 0.4343788 0.00983402380065 -0.4797380 24.9948 /L 154.7621 82.2/ 64.8587 n.a. n.a. 2.3378717 107.84160 -59.91779 2025-Feb-19 04:20 Nm 20 31 28.10 -19 12 30.2 103.432970 18.503319 n.a. n.a. 0.979667456134 0.4344020 0.00983210637647 -0.4763177 24.9965 /L 154.7604 82.1/ 64.8242 n.a. n.a. 2.1894358 108.81935 -61.35324 2025-Feb-19 04:30 Cm 20 31 29.51 -19 12 37.2 102.632888 20.742836 n.a. n.a. 0.979669198462 0.4344252 0.00983020417508 -0.4721479 24.9987 /L 154.7583 82.1/ 64.7897 n.a. n.a. 2.0422903 109.86768 -62.79839 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-20 03:00 m 20 36 06.81 -19 00 35.7 110.374104 0.644419 n.a. n.a. 0.979905252540 0.4374780 0.00979928785226 -0.4844985 24.8372 /L 154.9220 71.6/ 55.6920 n.a. n.a. 3.4884294 101.12987 -49.54225 2025-Feb-20 03:10 m 20 36 09.17 -19 00 42.6 109.414041 2.802732 n.a. n.a. 0.979907007203 0.4375000 0.00979734047598 -0.4864922 24.8358 /L 154.9235 71.5/ 55.6535 n.a. n.a. 3.3375023 101.74020 -50.90934 2025-Feb-20 03:20 m 20 36 11.41 -19 00 49.5 108.480981 4.974026 n.a. n.a. 0.979908761954 0.4375220 0.00979538663148 -0.4877235 24.8348 /L 154.9246 71.5/ 55.6154 n.a. n.a. 3.1858171 102.37232 -52.28252 2025-Feb-20 03:30 Am 20 36 13.55 -19 00 56.3 107.572597 7.157391 n.a. n.a. 0.979910516793 0.4375440 0.00979342938237 -0.4881897 24.8342 /L 154.9252 71.5/ 55.5779 n.a. n.a. 3.0336493 103.02862 -53.66225 2025-Feb-20 03:40 Am 20 36 15.58 -19 01 03.2 106.686668 9.351990 n.a. n.a. 0.979912271721 0.4375660 0.00979147180015 -0.4878895 24.8340 /L 154.9254 71.4/ 55.5407 n.a. n.a. 2.8812757 103.71182 -55.04902 2025-Feb-20 03:50 Am 20 36 17.50 -19 01 10.1 105.821064 11.557048 n.a. n.a. 0.979914026737 0.4375880 0.00978951695837 -0.4868232 24.8343 /L 154.9252 71.4/ 55.5040 n.a. n.a. 2.7289738 104.42510 -56.44336 2025-Feb-20 04:00 Nm 20 36 19.31 -19 01 16.9 104.973726 13.771846 n.a. n.a. 0.979915781841 0.4376100 0.00978756792688 -0.4849924 24.8349 /L 154.9246 71.3/ 55.4675 n.a. n.a. 2.5770216 105.17215 -57.84589 2025-Feb-20 04:10 Nm 20 36 21.00 -19 01 23.7 104.142652 15.995717 n.a. n.a. 0.979917537033 0.4376319 0.00978562776587 -0.4824003 24.8360 /L 154.9236 71.3/ 55.4313 n.a. n.a. 2.4256970 105.95735 -59.25725 2025-Feb-20 04:20 Nm 20 36 22.59 -19 01 30.4 103.325875 18.228037 n.a. n.a. 0.979919292313 0.4376539 0.00978369952009 -0.4790514 24.8375 /L 154.9222 71.3/ 55.3953 n.a. n.a. 2.2752773 106.78592 -60.67816 2025-Feb-20 04:30 Cm 20 36 24.07 -19 01 36.9 102.521450 20.468226 n.a. n.a. 0.979921047681 0.4376758 0.00978178621300 -0.4749518 24.8393 /L 154.9203 71.2/ 55.3594 n.a. n.a. 2.1260395 107.66417 -62.10941 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-21 03:00 m 20 41 09.99 -18 48 33.7 110.297709 0.322090 n.a. n.a. 0.980158815957 0.4405612 0.00974979190141 -0.4868387 24.6399 /L 155.1224 60.6/ 45.9419 n.a. n.a. 3.5911423 99.929752 -49.00018 2025-Feb-21 03:10 m 20 41 12.43 -18 48 40.0 109.333169 2.481135 n.a. n.a. 0.980160582984 0.4405821 0.00974783496169 -0.4889207 24.6382 /L 155.1242 60.6/ 45.8999 n.a. n.a. 3.4388462 100.47411 -50.35119 2025-Feb-21 03:20 m 20 41 14.76 -18 48 46.3 108.395698 4.653171 n.a. n.a. 0.980162350094 0.4406029 0.00974587119985 -0.4902401 24.6369 /L 155.1255 60.5/ 45.8586 n.a. n.a. 3.2857296 101.03391 -51.70813 2025-Feb-21 03:30 Am 20 41 16.97 -18 48 52.6 107.482939 6.837283 n.a. n.a. 0.980164117287 0.4406237 0.00974390368092 -0.4907939 24.6360 /L 155.1265 60.5/ 45.8181 n.a. n.a. 3.1320670 101.61063 -53.07146 2025-Feb-21 03:40 Am 20 41 19.07 -18 48 59.0 106.592642 9.032631 n.a. n.a. 0.980165884564 0.4406445 0.00974193547850 -0.4905808 24.6355 /L 155.1270 60.4/ 45.7782 n.a. n.a. 2.9781335 102.20593 -54.44170 2025-Feb-21 03:50 Am 20 41 21.07 -18 49 05.3 105.722647 11.238435 n.a. n.a. 0.980167651925 0.4406653 0.00973996966901 -0.4896008 24.6355 /L 155.1271 60.4/ 45.7389 n.a. n.a. 2.8242047 102.82169 -55.81939 2025-Feb-21 04:00 Nm 20 41 22.95 -18 49 11.6 104.870867 13.453973 n.a. n.a. 0.980169419368 0.4406860 0.00973800932571 -0.4878553 24.6359 /L 155.1268 60.3/ 45.7001 n.a. n.a. 2.6705560 103.46007 -57.20517 2025-Feb-21 04:10 Nm 20 41 24.73 -18 49 17.9 104.035269 15.678574 n.a. n.a. 0.980171186896 0.4407068 0.00973605751293 -0.4853474 24.6366 /L 155.1260 60.3/ 45.6619 n.a. n.a. 2.5174619 104.12355 -58.59972 2025-Feb-21 04:20 Nm 20 41 26.39 -18 49 24.0 103.213860 17.911612 n.a. n.a. 0.980172954506 0.4407276 0.00973411728021 -0.4820814 24.6378 /L 155.1249 60.2/ 45.6241 n.a. n.a. 2.3651958 104.81503 -60.00383 2025-Feb-21 04:30 Cm 20 41 27.95 -18 49 30.1 102.404664 20.152502 n.a. n.a. 0.980174722199 0.4407483 0.00973219165645 -0.4780633 24.6394 /L 155.1234 60.2/ 45.5867 n.a. n.a. 2.2140291 105.53793 -61.41835 2025-Feb-21 04:40 Cm 20 41 29.39 -18 49 36.0 101.605703 22.400695 n.a. n.a. 0.980176489976 0.4407691 0.00973028364409 -0.4733003 24.6413 /L 155.1214 60.2/ 45.5497 n.a. n.a. 2.0642306 106.29632 -62.84426 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-22 03:00 r 20 46 22.38 -18 35 22.2 110.219513 -0.041689 n.a. n.a. 0.980414111686 0.4434791 0.00969901379384 -0.4893594 24.4020 /L 155.3637 49.4/ 36.1538 n.a. n.a. 3.6968105 98.742597 -48.47152 2025-Feb-22 03:10 m 20 46 24.90 -18 35 27.9 109.249963 2.118104 n.a. n.a. 0.980415890414 0.4434989 0.00969704654266 -0.4915417 24.4000 /L 155.3658 49.4/ 36.1087 n.a. n.a. 3.5432009 99.224702 -49.80633 2025-Feb-22 03:20 m 20 46 27.30 -18 35 33.7 108.307573 4.290903 n.a. n.a. 0.980417669220 0.4435186 0.00969507206776 -0.4929611 24.3984 /L 155.3675 49.3/ 36.0644 n.a. n.a. 3.3887127 99.716521 -51.14679 2025-Feb-22 03:30 Am 20 46 29.60 -18 35 39.5 107.389951 6.475788 n.a. n.a. 0.980419448106 0.4435383 0.00969309343565 -0.4936144 24.3972 /L 155.3687 49.3/ 36.0211 n.a. n.a. 3.2336204 100.21875 -52.49335 2025-Feb-22 03:40 Am 20 46 31.78 -18 35 45.3 106.494816 8.671914 n.a. n.a. 0.980421227070 0.4435580 0.00969111372225 -0.4935001 24.3964 /L 155.3696 49.2/ 35.9786 n.a. n.a. 3.0781992 100.73215 -53.84649 2025-Feb-22 03:50 Am 20 46 33.85 -18 35 51.1 105.619976 10.878495 n.a. n.a. 0.980423006114 0.4435777 0.00968913600697 -0.4926181 24.3961 /L 155.3700 49.2/ 35.9369 n.a. n.a. 2.9227247 101.25749 -55.20676 2025-Feb-22 04:00 Nm 20 46 35.81 -18 35 56.8 104.763310 13.094806 n.a. n.a. 0.980424785236 0.4435973 0.00968716336688 -0.4909696 24.3961 /L 155.3700 49.1/ 35.8959 n.a. n.a. 2.7674719 101.79563 -56.57477 2025-Feb-22 04:10 Nm 20 46 37.66 -18 36 02.5 103.922757 15.320172 n.a. n.a. 0.980426564438 0.4436170 0.00968519887086 -0.4885574 24.3966 /L 155.3695 49.1/ 35.8556 n.a. n.a. 2.6127150 102.34746 -57.95121 2025-Feb-22 04:20 Nm 20 46 39.40 -18 36 08.1 103.096291 17.553963 n.a. n.a. 0.980428343718 0.4436367 0.00968324557373 -0.4853857 24.3975 /L 155.3687 49.0/ 35.8160 n.a. n.a. 2.4587265 102.91396 -59.33683 2025-Feb-22 04:30 Cm 20 46 41.03 -18 36 13.5 102.281903 19.795590 n.a. n.a. 0.980430123077 0.4436563 0.00968130651043 -0.4814603 24.3987 /L 155.3675 49.0/ 35.7770 n.a. n.a. 2.3057768 103.49616 -60.73249 2025-Feb-22 04:40 Cm 20 46 42.55 -18 36 18.9 101.477583 22.044501 n.a. n.a. 0.980431902515 0.4436760 0.00967938469018 -0.4767883 24.4004 /L 155.3658 49.0/ 35.7386 n.a. n.a. 2.1541331 104.09518 -62.13917 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-23 03:00 r 20 51 43.82 -18 20 58.6 110.138833 -0.446809 n.a. n.a. 0.980671048104 0.4462449 0.00964685066953 -0.4920326 24.1236 /L 155.6459 38.0/ 26.6802 n.a. n.a. 3.8049310 97.574186 -47.95954 2025-Feb-23 03:10 m 20 51 46.42 -18 21 03.7 109.163751 1.713759 n.a. n.a. 0.980672837923 0.4462636 0.00964487247155 -0.4943269 24.1213 /L 155.6483 38.0/ 26.6331 n.a. n.a. 3.6500618 97.997886 -49.27829 2025-Feb-23 03:20 m 20 51 48.90 -18 21 08.9 108.215943 3.887352 n.a. n.a. 0.980674627816 0.4462823 0.00964288660144 -0.4958579 24.1194 /L 155.6503 37.9/ 26.5869 n.a. n.a. 3.4942593 98.426185 -50.60231 2025-Feb-23 03:30 Am 20 51 51.27 -18 21 14.1 107.292983 6.073045 n.a. n.a. 0.980676417784 0.4463010 0.00964089612728 -0.4966224 24.1179 /L 155.6519 37.9/ 26.5418 n.a. n.a. 3.3377989 98.859122 -51.93201 2025-Feb-23 03:40 Am 20 51 53.53 -18 21 19.3 106.392552 8.269985 n.a. n.a. 0.980678207827 0.4463196 0.00963890412737 -0.4966186 24.1168 /L 155.6530 37.8/ 26.4976 n.a. n.a. 3.1809573 99.296667 -53.26785 2025-Feb-23 03:50 Am 20 51 55.68 -18 21 24.5 105.512423 10.477383 n.a. n.a. 0.980679997945 0.4463383 0.00963691368436 -0.4958461 24.1161 /L 155.6537 37.7/ 26.4543 n.a. n.a. 3.0240114 99.738699 -54.61033 2025-Feb-23 04:00 Nm 20 51 57.72 -18 21 29.6 104.650443 12.694508 n.a. n.a. 0.980681788137 0.4463570 0.00963492787942 -0.4943060 24.1159 /L 155.6540 37.7/ 26.4118 n.a. n.a. 2.8672381 100.18498 -55.96001 2025-Feb-23 04:10 Nm 20 51 59.64 -18 21 34.7 103.804516 14.920680 n.a. n.a. 0.980683578405 0.4463756 0.00963294978638 -0.4920008 24.1160 /L 155.6539 37.6/ 26.3702 n.a. n.a. 2.7109132 100.63510 -57.31753 2025-Feb-23 04:20 Nm 20 52 01.46 -18 21 39.7 102.972581 17.155264 n.a. n.a. 0.980685368747 0.4463943 0.00963098246581 -0.4889347 24.1166 /L 155.6534 37.6/ 26.3294 n.a. n.a. 2.5553112 101.08847 -58.68358 2025-Feb-23 04:30 Cm 20 52 03.16 -18 21 44.7 102.152597 19.397669 n.a. n.a. 0.980687159165 0.4464129 0.00962902895927 -0.4851131 24.1176 /L 155.6525 37.5/ 26.2893 n.a. n.a. 2.4007047 101.54422 -60.05895 2025-Feb-23 04:40 Cm 20 52 04.76 -18 21 49.4 101.342516 21.647338 n.a. n.a. 0.980688949657 0.4464316 0.00962709228340 -0.4805429 24.1189 /L 155.6512 37.5/ 26.2500 n.a. n.a. 2.2473636 102.00110 -61.44455 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-24 03:10 m 20 57 16.76 -18 05 25.1 109.073884 1.268505 n.a. n.a. 0.980931340944 0.4488869 0.00959122753476 -0.4972334 23.8025 /L 155.9713 26.3/ 17.8907 n.a. n.a. 3.7588323 96.799285 -48.76992 2025-Feb-24 03:20 m 20 57 19.32 -18 05 29.7 108.120176 3.442933 n.a. n.a. 0.980933141356 0.4489047 0.00958922975983 -0.4988874 23.8003 /L 155.9736 26.2/ 17.8450 n.a. n.a. 3.6017693 97.168562 -50.07783 2025-Feb-24 03:30 m 20 57 21.77 -18 05 34.2 107.191417 5.629478 n.a. n.a. 0.980934941840 0.4489224 0.00958722688873 -0.4997743 23.7984 /L 155.9755 26.1/ 17.8002 n.a. n.a. 3.4439979 97.537397 -51.39092 2025-Feb-24 03:40 Am 20 57 24.11 -18 05 38.8 106.285248 7.827278 n.a. n.a. 0.980936742396 0.4489401 0.00958522200224 -0.4998922 23.7970 /L 155.9769 26.1/ 17.7564 n.a. n.a. 3.2857970 97.905116 -52.70960 2025-Feb-24 03:50 Am 20 57 26.33 -18 05 43.4 105.399405 10.035540 n.a. n.a. 0.980938543022 0.4489578 0.00958321818644 -0.4992404 23.7961 /L 155.9780 26.0/ 17.7135 n.a. n.a. 3.1274465 98.270845 -54.03431 2025-Feb-24 04:00 Nm 20 57 28.45 -18 05 47.9 104.531699 12.253526 n.a. n.a. 0.980940343719 0.4489756 0.00958121852686 -0.4978198 23.7955 /L 155.9786 25.9/ 17.6714 n.a. n.a. 2.9692261 98.633458 -55.36555 2025-Feb-24 04:10 Nm 20 57 30.45 -18 05 52.4 103.679997 14.480551 n.a. n.a. 0.980942144487 0.4489933 0.00957922610262 -0.4956328 23.7953 /L 155.9788 25.9/ 17.6303 n.a. n.a. 2.8114152 98.991510 -56.70386 2025-Feb-24 04:20 Nm 20 57 32.34 -18 05 56.8 102.842202 16.715976 n.a. n.a. 0.980943945326 0.4490110 0.00957724398052 -0.4926831 23.7956 /L 155.9786 25.8/ 17.5899 n.a. n.a. 2.6542925 99.343151 -58.04985 2025-Feb-24 04:30 Cm 20 57 34.12 -18 06 01.1 102.016237 18.959205 n.a. n.a. 0.980945746237 0.4490287 0.00957527520925 -0.4889760 23.7963 /L 155.9780 25.8/ 17.5504 n.a. n.a. 2.4981350 99.686010 -59.40421 2025-Feb-24 04:40 Cm 20 57 35.80 -18 06 05.3 101.200016 21.209674 n.a. n.a. 0.980947547218 0.4490464 0.00957332281349 -0.4845183 23.7973 /L 155.9770 25.7/ 17.5117 n.a. n.a. 2.3432180 100.01704 -60.76770 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-25 03:10 m 21 02 55.60 -17 48 30.3 108.979709 0.783155 n.a. n.a. 0.981191329319 0.4513767 0.00953605156626 -0.5001949 23.4444 /L 156.3339 14.2/ 10.3628 n.a. n.a. 3.8688107 95.634306 -48.28292 2025-Feb-25 03:20 m 21 02 58.24 -17 48 34.2 108.019639 2.958469 n.a. n.a. 0.981193139716 0.4513935 0.00953404164485 -0.5019825 23.4419 /L 156.3365 14.2/ 10.3213 n.a. n.a. 3.7105372 95.949036 -49.57533 2025-Feb-25 03:30 m 21 03 00.77 -17 48 38.1 107.084640 5.145917 n.a. n.a. 0.981194950180 0.4514103 0.00953202609216 -0.5030026 23.4397 /L 156.3387 14.1/ 10.2806 n.a. n.a. 3.5515067 96.258895 -50.87237 2025-Feb-25 03:40 Am 21 03 03.18 -17 48 42.1 106.172315 7.344632 n.a. n.a. 0.981196760712 0.4514271 0.00953000799152 -0.5032528 23.4380 /L 156.3405 14.0/ 10.2407 n.a. n.a. 3.3920013 96.562681 -52.17438 2025-Feb-25 03:50 Am 21 03 05.49 -17 48 46.0 105.280356 9.553811 n.a. n.a. 0.981198571311 0.4514439 0.00952799043260 -0.5027324 23.4367 /L 156.3419 13.9/ 10.2016 n.a. n.a. 3.2323045 96.858913 -53.48174 2025-Feb-25 04:00 Nm 21 03 07.68 -17 48 49.9 104.406536 11.772711 n.a. n.a. 0.981200381977 0.4514607 0.00952597650550 -0.5014419 23.4359 /L 156.3428 13.9/ 10.1633 n.a. n.a. 3.0727001 97.145755 -54.79486 2025-Feb-25 04:10 Nm 21 03 09.75 -17 48 53.8 103.548682 14.000643 n.a. n.a. 0.981202192710 0.4514774 0.00952396929494 -0.4993835 23.4354 /L 156.3433 13.8/ 10.1259 n.a. n.a. 2.9134724 97.420936 -56.11418 2025-Feb-25 04:20 Nm 21 03 11.72 -17 48 57.5 102.704661 16.236961 n.a. n.a. 0.981204003511 0.4514942 0.00952197187435 -0.4965606 23.4353 /L 156.3434 13.7/ 10.0891 n.a. n.a. 2.7549054 97.681635 -57.44021 2025-Feb-25 04:30 Cm 21 03 13.58 -17 49 01.2 101.872356 18.481063 n.a. n.a. 0.981205814379 0.4515110 0.00951998730004 -0.4929783 23.4357 /L 156.3431 13.7/ 10.0532 n.a. n.a. 2.5972825 97.924335 -58.77349 2025-Feb-25 04:40 Cm 21 03 15.32 -17 49 04.8 101.049644 20.732382 n.a. n.a. 0.981207625314 0.4515277 0.00951801860527 -0.4886430 23.4364 /L 156.3424 13.6/ 10.0179 n.a. n.a. 2.4408864 98.144632 -60.11463 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-26 03:10 m 21 08 42.62 -17 30 18.2 108.880737 0.258583 n.a. n.a. 0.981452707322 0.4537297 0.00947933957911 -0.5031057 23.0480 /L 156.7353 2.899/ 4.5677 n.a. n.a. 3.9793050 94.507265 -47.81602 2025-Feb-26 03:20 m 21 08 45.34 -17 30 21.5 107.913866 2.434841 n.a. n.a. 0.981454527155 0.4537456 0.00947731769395 -0.5050370 23.0451 /L 156.7382 2.862/ 4.5355 n.a. n.a. 3.8198675 94.771801 -49.09379 2025-Feb-26 03:30 m 21 08 47.94 -17 30 24.7 106.972215 4.623252 n.a. n.a. 0.981456347051 0.4537614 0.00947528960197 -0.5062003 23.0426 /L 156.7407 2.828/ 4.5039 n.a. n.a. 3.6596249 95.027632 -50.37562 2025-Feb-26 03:40 Am 21 08 50.43 -17 30 28.0 106.053338 6.822940 n.a. n.a. 0.981458167010 0.4537773 0.00947325838907 -0.5065930 23.0406 /L 156.7428 2.797/ 4.4730 n.a. n.a. 3.4988635 95.273136 -51.66177 2025-Feb-26 03:50 Am 21 08 52.81 -17 30 31.3 105.154887 9.033096 n.a. n.a. 0.981459987034 0.4537931 0.00947122714855 -0.5062140 23.0390 /L 156.7445 2.768/ 4.4427 n.a. n.a. 3.3378708 95.506343 -52.95256 2025-Feb-26 04:00 Nm 21 08 55.08 -17 30 34.5 104.274591 11.252970 n.a. n.a. 0.981461807120 0.4538090 0.00946919897531 -0.5050636 23.0378 /L 156.7458 2.741/ 4.4130 n.a. n.a. 3.1769356 95.724864 -54.24829 2025-Feb-26 04:10 Nm 21 08 57.23 -17 30 37.7 103.410237 13.481865 n.a. n.a. 0.981463627270 0.4538248 0.00946717695994 -0.5031437 23.0370 /L 156.7466 2.716/ 4.3839 n.a. n.a. 3.0163479 95.925785 -55.54930 2025-Feb-26 04:20 Nm 21 08 59.27 -17 30 40.8 102.559653 15.719130 n.a. n.a. 0.981465447484 0.4538406 0.00946516418283 -0.5004574 23.0367 /L 156.7470 2.693/ 4.3554 n.a. n.a. 2.8563981 96.105546 -56.85598 2025-Feb-26 04:30 Cm 21 09 01.20 -17 30 43.9 101.720680 17.964158 n.a. n.a. 0.981467267761 0.4538564 0.00946316370830 -0.4970095 23.0367 /L 156.7470 2.673/ 4.3275 n.a. n.a. 2.6973768 96.259776 -58.16872 2025-Feb-26 04:40 Cm 21 09 03.02 -17 30 46.8 100.891157 20.216376 n.a. n.a. 0.981469088101 0.4538722 0.00946117857876 -0.4928063 23.0371 /L 156.7466 2.654/ 4.3001 n.a. n.a. 2.5395753 96.383079 -59.48795 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-27 03:10 r 21 14 37.36 -17 10 48.5 108.776413 -0.303750 n.a. n.a. 0.981715404448 0.4559440 0.00942114473867 -0.5058256 22.6145 /L 157.1739 11.5/ 1.0018 n.a. n.a. 4.0895809 93.421875 -47.36571 2025-Feb-27 03:20 21 14 40.15 -17 10 51.0 107.802333 1.873517 n.a. n.a. 0.981717233160 0.4559588 0.00941911163656 -0.5079099 22.6113 /L 157.1772 11.6/ 0.9849 n.a. n.a. 3.9290228 93.640381 -48.62993 2025-Feb-27 03:30 21 14 42.83 -17 10 53.6 106.853646 4.062957 n.a. n.a. 0.981719061931 0.4559737 0.00941707171489 -0.5092258 22.6086 /L 157.1800 11.7/ 0.9684 n.a. n.a. 3.7676115 93.846892 -49.89764 2025-Feb-27 03:40 A 21 14 45.39 -17 10 56.2 105.927856 6.263684 n.a. n.a. 0.981720890761 0.4559886 0.00941502806204 -0.5097702 22.6062 /L 157.1824 11.8/ 0.9523 n.a. n.a. 3.6056373 94.039446 -51.16903 2025-Feb-27 03:50 A 21 14 47.85 -17 10 58.8 105.022569 8.474881 n.a. n.a. 0.981722719651 0.4560034 0.00941298377507 -0.5095419 22.6043 /L 157.1844 11.9/ 0.9365 n.a. n.a. 3.4433926 94.215696 -52.44433 2025-Feb-27 04:00 Nm 21 14 50.19 -17 11 01.3 104.135469 10.695791 n.a. n.a. 0.981724548601 0.4560183 0.00941094195372 -0.5085408 22.6028 /L 157.1860 12.0/ 0.9211 n.a. n.a. 3.2811717 94.372819 -53.72375 2025-Feb-27 04:10 Nm 21 14 52.41 -17 11 03.9 103.264302 12.925710 n.a. n.a. 0.981726377610 0.4560332 0.00940890569467 -0.5067685 22.6017 /L 157.1871 12.1/ 0.9061 n.a. n.a. 3.1192705 94.507418 -55.00753 2025-Feb-27 04:20 Nm 21 14 54.52 -17 11 06.3 102.406852 15.163982 n.a. n.a. 0.981728206679 0.4560480 0.00940687808556 -0.5042279 22.6010 /L 157.1879 12.1/ 0.8914 n.a. n.a. 2.9579863 94.615384 -56.29592 2025-Feb-27 04:30 Cm 21 14 56.53 -17 11 08.7 101.560920 17.409990 n.a. n.a. 0.981730035808 0.4560628 0.00940486219910 -0.5009235 22.6008 /L 157.1882 12.2/ 0.8770 n.a. n.a. 2.7976179 94.691723 -57.58917 2025-Feb-27 04:40 Cm 21 14 58.42 -17 11 11.0 100.724303 19.663158 n.a. n.a. 0.981731864995 0.4560777 0.00940286108726 -0.4968612 22.6009 /L 157.1881 12.3/ 0.8630 n.a. n.a. 2.6384657 94.730342 -58.88753 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Feb-28 03:20 21 20 42.17 -16 50 03.1 107.684621 1.276154 n.a. n.a. 0.981981176607 0.4580307 0.00935956735827 -0.5104288 22.1422 /L 157.6518 24.5/ 0.0577 n.a. n.a. 4.0374198 92.556350 -48.17694 2025-Feb-28 03:30 21 20 44.93 -16 50 04.9 106.728549 3.466694 n.a. n.a. 0.981983013686 0.4580446 0.00935751700960 -0.5119057 22.1392 /L 157.6550 24.6/ 0.0618 n.a. n.a. 3.8748811 92.717893 -49.43181 2025-Feb-28 03:40 A 21 20 47.56 -16 50 06.9 105.795520 5.668530 n.a. n.a. 0.981984850820 0.4580585 0.00935546228522 -0.5126105 22.1365 /L 157.6577 24.7/ 0.0661 n.a. n.a. 3.7117346 92.862400 -50.68972 2025-Feb-28 03:50 A 21 20 50.09 -16 50 08.8 104.883090 7.880837 n.a. n.a. 0.981986688010 0.4580724 0.00935340628583 -0.5125413 22.1343 /L 157.6600 24.8/ 0.0705 n.a. n.a. 3.5482778 92.987230 -51.95084 2025-Feb-28 04:00 A 21 20 52.50 -16 50 10.7 103.988896 10.102849 n.a. n.a. 0.981988525256 0.4580863 0.00935135211619 -0.5116981 22.1325 /L 157.6618 24.9/ 0.0750 n.a. n.a. 3.3848104 93.089235 -53.21528 2025-Feb-28 04:10 N 21 20 54.80 -16 50 12.5 103.110640 12.333854 n.a. n.a. 0.981990362558 0.4581001 0.00934930287913 -0.5100819 22.1311 /L 157.6633 25.0/ 0.0796 n.a. n.a. 3.2216349 93.164656 -54.48318 2025-Feb-28 04:20 N 21 20 56.98 -16 50 14.3 102.246061 14.573190 n.a. n.a. 0.981992199915 0.4581140 0.00934726166973 -0.5076954 22.1301 /L 157.6643 25.1/ 0.0843 n.a. n.a. 3.0590558 93.208985 -55.75467 2025-Feb-28 04:30 C 21 20 59.05 -16 50 16.0 101.392918 16.820235 n.a. n.a. 0.981994037327 0.4581279 0.00934523156941 -0.5045429 22.1296 /L 157.6649 25.2/ 0.0890 n.a. n.a. 2.8973800 93.216793 -57.02985 2025-Feb-28 04:40 C 21 21 01.01 -16 50 17.7 100.548966 19.074403 n.a. n.a. 0.981995874796 0.4581417 0.00934321564000 -0.5006298 22.1294 /L 157.6652 25.3/ 0.0939 n.a. n.a. 2.7369171 93.181511 -58.30880 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************