API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Nov 10, 2025 Wind Spacecraft / (Earth) -8 https://wind.nasa.gov/ https://hpde.io/SMWG/Observatory/Wind https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/25-years-of-science-in-the-solar-wind BACKGROUND: The primary science objectives of the Wind mission are: - Provide plasma, energetic particle, and magnetic field data for magnetospheric and ionospheric studies - Investigate plasma processes occurring in the near-Earth solar wind - Provide baseline, 1 AU, ecliptic plane observations for inner and outer heliospheric missions Wind is a spin-stabilized spacecraft launched on a Delta II 7925-10 rocket 1994-Nov-1 @ 09:31 UTC from pad 17B at Cape Canaveral, FL. The spacecraft has visited many regions of the near-Earth space environment. For the first nine months of operation, Wind was placed in a double-lunar swingby orbit near the ecliptic plane, with apogee from 80 to 250 Earth radii and perigee of between 5 and 10 Earth radii. In this orbit, lunar gravity assists were used to keep its apogee over the day hemisphere of the Earth, and magnetospheric observations were made through several orbit passages. Wind was then temporarily inserted into a small amplitude "halo" orbit, about the sunward Sun-Earth gravitational equilibrium point (SEMB-L1), varying from 235 to 265 Earth radii (Re). In 2001 and 2002, Wind had a distant prograde orbit that took it +/- 300 Re leading and lagging Earth. This orbit provided a wide baseline to study solar wind structures and correlations. In 2003 (Nov 2003 to Feb 2004), Wind reached the L2 Lagrange point 240 Re anti-sunward from Earth providing a 500 Re spatial separation from ACE solar wind observations along with measurements of the distant Earth magnetotail. In late June of 2004, Wind used its last lunar gravity assist to insert into a L1 Lissajous orbit to observe the unperturbed solar wind prior to it impacting the magnetosphere of Earth, providing an approx. one-hour warning of changes in the solar wind. On June 26, 2020, Wind completed the first halo orbit insertion maneuver. A second was completed on August 31, 2020, a third on November 9, 2020. The maneuvers were necessary to prevent Wind from entering the solar exclusion zone around the solar disk, where solar radio emissions can interfere with spacecraft communications. The halo orbit is an ellipse tilted with respect to the ecliptic plane, while Lissajous has an out-of-plane (z) component oscillation decoupled from in-plane components. Wind currently has enough fuel to continue its mission at L1 into the 2070s. SPACECRAFT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Bus size : 2.4 x 1.8 m cylinder Power : 370 Watts (body mounted solar panels) Launch mass: 1250 kg Dry mass : 950 kg Extension : Long wire spin-plane antennas, inertial booms, and spin-plane appendages to support sensors. Experiment booms deployed along both Z axes. Spin rate : 20 rpm (~3 s period) w/axis < 1 degree from normal to ecliptic (spacecraft +Z spin axis aligned with south ecliptic pole) SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS 1. Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) 2. Solar Wind Experiment (SWE) Faraday Cup - Ion Data Electron Data 3. 3D Plasma Analyzer 4. SMS Suprathermal Particle Data 5. EPACT High Energy Particle Data 6. WAVES Radio and Plasma Waves Data 7. KONUS and TGRS Data (gamma ray) SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY: This trajectory is a concatenation of weekly prediction provided by GSFC. Based on tracking data through 2025-Nov-03, prediction thereafter. Trajectory name Start Stop ---------------------------- ----------- ----------- Wind_merged 1994-Nov-01 2026-Jan-27 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Sun Nov 16 07:21:32 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Wind (spacecraft) (-8) {source: Wind_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: El Berrueco ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2025-Oct-13 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2025-Oct-27 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 356.4134, 40.8833094, 1.06361 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 356.4134,4829.88693,4153.33056 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.251114.p260210 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-NOV-14. PREDICTS-> 2026-FEB-09 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-13 17:50 C 14 26 28.68 -16 41 40.8 243.951858 3.689308 n.a. n.a. 0.989052626797 -0.5214865 0.00910097453103 0.4179544 19.5254 /T 160.2985 109.6/ 50.2507 n.a. n.a. 2.7709777 93.569590 53.892726 2025-Oct-13 18:00 C 14 26 30.65 -16 41 42.5 245.626926 1.979877 n.a. n.a. 0.989050535226 -0.5214968 0.00910266080776 0.4227968 19.5259 /T 160.2979 109.5/ 50.1472 n.a. n.a. 2.9010216 93.140573 52.945958 2025-Oct-13 18:10 N 14 26 32.71 -16 41 44.0 247.276597 0.248122 n.a. n.a. 0.989048443614 -0.5215070 0.00910436529140 0.4270317 19.5267 /T 160.2971 109.4/ 50.0437 n.a. n.a. 3.0330956 92.778345 51.984276 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-14 17:50 C 14 32 55.40 -17 06 05.7 243.240253 3.828501 n.a. n.a. 0.988751026417 -0.5229218 0.00916117100784 0.4181707 20.1140 /T 159.7035 97.9/ 39.5300 n.a. n.a. 2.6853440 92.348429 54.580654 2025-Oct-14 18:00 C 14 32 57.31 -17 06 06.7 244.918727 2.129138 n.a. n.a. 0.988748929091 -0.5229315 0.00916285842598 0.4231493 20.1143 /T 159.7032 97.7/ 39.4323 n.a. n.a. 2.8144337 91.951213 53.619944 2025-Oct-14 18:10 N 14 32 59.32 -17 06 07.7 246.571177 0.406785 n.a. n.a. 0.988746831726 -0.5229412 0.00916456460388 0.4275237 20.1149 /T 159.7026 97.6/ 39.3344 n.a. n.a. 2.9455484 91.620848 52.645415 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-15 17:40 C 14 39 15.33 -17 29 16.0 240.846484 5.628456 n.a. n.a. 0.988450721540 -0.5242662 0.00922075933226 0.4119751 20.6758 /T 159.1356 86.5/ 29.6365 n.a. n.a. 2.4756117 91.525773 56.185319 2025-Oct-15 17:50 C 14 39 17.11 -17 29 16.6 242.557636 3.964496 n.a. n.a. 0.988448618822 -0.5242753 0.00922242334518 0.4176756 20.6755 /T 159.1358 86.4/ 29.5496 n.a. n.a. 2.6014155 91.088508 55.224995 2025-Oct-15 18:00 C 14 39 18.97 -17 29 17.0 244.239517 2.275033 n.a. n.a. 0.988446516068 -0.5242844 0.00922410903937 0.4227846 20.6755 /T 159.1358 86.3/ 29.4624 n.a. n.a. 2.7295292 90.726551 54.250021 2025-Oct-15 18:10 N 14 39 20.92 -17 29 17.4 245.894784 0.561940 n.a. n.a. 0.988444413278 -0.5242935 0.00922581402332 0.4272928 20.6759 /T 159.1354 86.1/ 29.3749 n.a. n.a. 2.8596579 90.431192 53.262364 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-16 17:40 C 14 45 31.88 -17 51 14.0 240.189346 5.750639 n.a. n.a. 0.988147563859 -0.5255262 0.00928265025453 0.4106843 21.2098 /T 158.5956 75.2/ 20.7418 n.a. n.a. 2.3938072 90.179895 56.812315 2025-Oct-16 17:50 C 14 45 33.60 -17 51 14.0 241.904406 4.097000 n.a. n.a. 0.988145456090 -0.5255346 0.00928430933398 0.4165062 21.2093 /T 158.5961 75.1/ 20.6688 n.a. n.a. 2.5186421 89.782194 55.835749 2025-Oct-16 18:00 N 14 45 35.41 -17 51 13.8 243.589681 2.417228 n.a. n.a. 0.988143348288 -0.5255429 0.00928599058847 0.4217400 21.2090 /T 158.5962 75.0/ 20.5954 n.a. n.a. 2.6457651 89.459517 54.845868 2025-Oct-16 18:10 N 14 45 37.31 -17 51 13.6 245.247789 0.713215 n.a. n.a. 0.988141240451 -0.5255513 0.00928769163998 0.4263763 21.2091 /T 158.5961 74.9/ 20.5217 n.a. n.a. 2.7748888 89.202822 53.844497 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-17 17:40 C 14 51 42.98 -18 11 58.8 239.562240 5.869197 n.a. n.a. 0.987843709141 -0.5266775 0.00934477536149 0.4087720 21.7154 /T 158.0842 64.2/ 13.2233 n.a. n.a. 2.3127621 88.774827 57.415949 2025-Oct-17 17:50 C 14 51 44.65 -18 11 58.2 241.281143 4.225603 n.a. n.a. 0.987841596756 -0.5266851 0.00934642700301 0.4147095 21.7146 /T 158.0849 64.1/ 13.1660 n.a. n.a. 2.4366236 88.421860 56.422134 2025-Oct-17 18:00 N 14 51 46.40 -18 11 57.5 242.969784 2.555276 n.a. n.a. 0.987839484340 -0.5266926 0.00934810129070 0.4200626 21.7141 /T 158.0853 64.0/ 13.1084 n.a. n.a. 2.5627466 88.143164 55.416432 2025-Oct-17 18:10 N 14 51 48.24 -18 11 56.7 244.630740 0.860123 n.a. n.a. 0.987837371894 -0.5267002 0.00934979585972 0.4248211 21.7140 /T 158.0855 63.9/ 13.0504 n.a. n.a. 2.6908516 87.929396 54.400507 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-18 17:40 C 14 57 48.33 -18 31 30.8 238.965878 5.983684 n.a. n.a. 0.987539224661 -0.5277042 0.00940675720676 0.4062920 22.1917 /T 157.6022 53.3/ 7.2909 n.a. n.a. 2.2322058 87.301937 58.004771 2025-Oct-18 17:50 C 14 57 49.94 -18 31 29.7 240.688544 4.349819 n.a. n.a. 0.987537108160 -0.5277108 0.00940839912210 0.4123396 22.1907 /T 157.6032 53.3/ 7.2500 n.a. n.a. 2.3550921 86.999787 56.992469 2025-Oct-18 18:00 N 14 57 51.64 -18 31 28.4 242.380503 2.688649 n.a. n.a. 0.987534991632 -0.5277175 0.00941006413179 0.4178060 22.1900 /T 157.6039 53.2/ 7.2088 n.a. n.a. 2.4802085 86.770574 55.969818 2025-Oct-18 18:10 N 14 57 53.43 -18 31 27.0 244.044294 1.002094 n.a. n.a. 0.987532875078 -0.5277241 0.00941174988374 0.4226809 22.1896 /T 157.6043 53.1/ 7.1672 n.a. n.a. 2.6072844 86.604705 54.938299 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-19 17:40 C 15 03 47.63 -18 49 50.4 238.401042 6.093585 n.a. n.a. 0.987234187266 -0.5285893 0.00946824655710 0.4033041 22.6378 /T 157.1507 42.6/ 3.0909 n.a. n.a. 2.1519889 85.752304 58.586349 2025-Oct-19 17:50 C 15 03 49.19 -18 49 48.7 240.127371 4.469090 n.a. n.a. 0.987232067217 -0.5285949 0.00946987669768 0.4094560 22.6366 /T 157.1520 42.6/ 3.0659 n.a. n.a. 2.2738980 85.508140 57.554159 2025-Oct-19 18:00 N 15 03 50.83 -18 49 46.9 241.822580 2.816748 n.a. n.a. 0.987229947145 -0.5286005 0.00947153035739 0.4150299 22.6356 /T 157.1529 42.5/ 3.0406 n.a. n.a. 2.3980018 85.334855 56.513276 2025-Oct-19 18:10 N 15 03 52.56 -18 49 44.9 243.489174 1.138491 n.a. n.a. 0.987227827051 -0.5286061 0.00947320519644 0.4200153 22.6350 /T 157.1535 42.4/ 3.0151 n.a. n.a. 2.5240391 85.222670 55.464977 2025-Oct-19 18:20 N 15 03 54.37 -18 49 42.8 245.129692 -0.563838 n.a. n.a. 0.987225706934 -0.5286117 0.00947489883558 0.4244029 22.6346 /T 157.1538 42.3/ 2.9893 n.a. n.a. 2.6517535 85.163246 54.410305 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-20 17:40 C 15 09 40.55 -19 06 58.0 237.868542 6.198326 n.a. n.a. 0.986928683581 -0.5293163 0.00952892577915 0.3998742 23.0529 /T 156.7306 32.1/ 0.7089 n.a. n.a. 2.0720735 84.116697 59.167290 2025-Oct-20 17:50 C 15 09 42.05 -19 06 55.9 239.598411 4.582802 n.a. n.a. 0.986926560619 -0.5293207 0.00953054236039 0.4061246 23.0514 /T 156.7321 32.0/ 0.6984 n.a. n.a. 2.1930003 83.938961 58.113720 2025-Oct-20 18:00 N 15 09 43.63 -19 06 53.5 241.296782 2.938917 n.a. n.a. 0.986924437639 -0.5293252 0.00953218286169 0.4117999 23.0502 /T 156.7333 31.9/ 0.6878 n.a. n.a. 2.3160833 83.829133 57.053240 2025-Oct-20 18:10 N 15 09 45.30 -19 06 51.0 242.966123 1.268617 n.a. n.a. 0.986922314640 -0.5293296 0.00953384495502 0.4168896 23.0493 /T 156.7341 31.8/ 0.6771 n.a. n.a. 2.4410711 83.777350 55.986896 2025-Oct-20 18:20 N 15 09 47.06 -19 06 48.3 244.608940 -0.426243 n.a. n.a. 0.986920191625 -0.5293340 0.00953552627205 0.4213841 23.0487 /T 156.7347 31.7/ 0.6663 n.a. n.a. 2.5677162 83.775276 54.915532 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-21 17:40 C 15 15 26.76 -19 22 54.5 237.369174 6.297283 n.a. n.a. 0.986622809300 -0.5298706 0.00958851262748 0.3960751 23.4358 /T 156.3428 21.6/ 0.1720 n.a. n.a. 1.9925214 82.385530 59.753299 2025-Oct-21 17:50 C 15 15 28.20 -19 22 51.8 239.102442 4.690291 n.a. n.a. 0.986620684117 -0.5298738 0.00959011415628 0.4024179 23.4341 /T 156.3445 21.6/ 0.1741 n.a. n.a. 2.1124548 82.284146 58.676863 2025-Oct-21 18:00 N 15 15 29.72 -19 22 48.9 240.803863 3.054455 n.a. n.a. 0.986618558921 -0.5298770 0.00959173998172 0.4081885 23.4326 /T 156.3460 21.5/ 0.1762 n.a. n.a. 2.2345033 82.246551 57.595417 2025-Oct-21 18:10 N 15 15 31.33 -19 22 45.9 242.475871 1.391733 n.a. n.a. 0.986616433712 -0.5298802 0.00959338778694 0.4133762 23.4315 /T 156.3471 21.4/ 0.1785 n.a. n.a. 2.3584263 82.262938 56.509752 2025-Oct-21 18:20 N 15 15 33.02 -19 22 42.7 244.120944 -0.296008 n.a. n.a. 0.986614308490 -0.5298834 0.00959505521400 0.4179713 23.4306 /T 156.3479 21.3/ 0.1808 n.a. n.a. 2.4839860 82.325104 55.420492 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-22 17:30 Cm 15 21 04.63 -19 37 43.7 235.132686 7.957375 n.a. n.a. 0.986318793900 -0.5302404 0.00964520611295 0.3850003 23.7881 /T 155.9860 11.6/ 1.4396 n.a. n.a. 1.7968622 80.631908 61.446324 2025-Oct-22 17:40 C 15 21 05.92 -19 37 40.7 236.903698 6.389796 n.a. n.a. 0.986316667235 -0.5302424 0.00964676450833 0.3919868 23.7858 /T 155.9883 11.5/ 1.4520 n.a. n.a. 1.9134747 80.548711 60.349320 2025-Oct-22 17:50 C 15 21 07.30 -19 37 37.5 238.640197 4.790858 n.a. n.a. 0.986314540564 -0.5302443 0.00964834981219 0.3984159 23.7838 /T 155.9903 11.5/ 1.4645 n.a. n.a. 2.0323933 80.535311 59.248635 2025-Oct-22 18:00 N 15 21 08.76 -19 37 34.1 240.344532 3.162625 n.a. n.a. 0.986312413884 -0.5302462 0.00964995976444 0.4042755 23.7821 /T 155.9919 11.4/ 1.4773 n.a. n.a. 2.1533855 80.580141 58.144940 2025-Oct-22 18:10 N 15 21 10.31 -19 37 30.5 242.019106 1.507066 n.a. n.a. 0.986310287197 -0.5302481 0.00965159205877 0.4095548 23.7807 /T 155.9933 11.3/ 1.4904 n.a. n.a. 2.2762216 80.673652 57.038746 2025-Oct-22 18:20 N 15 21 11.94 -19 37 26.8 243.666365 -0.173942 n.a. n.a. 0.986308160502 -0.5302500 0.00965324434702 0.4142438 23.7796 /T 155.9944 11.3/ 1.5037 n.a. n.a. 2.4006735 80.807939 55.930442 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-23 17:30 Cm 15 26 36.49 -19 51 21.3 234.698501 8.034782 n.a. n.a. 0.986012491711 -0.5304268 0.00970194165331 0.3806315 24.1044 /T 155.6654 4.500/ 4.4516 n.a. n.a. 1.7195128 78.569096 62.084515 2025-Oct-23 17:40 Cm 15 26 37.72 -19 51 17.8 236.472810 6.475171 n.a. n.a. 0.986010364302 -0.5304274 0.00970348268088 0.3876953 24.1019 /T 155.6679 4.493/ 4.4721 n.a. n.a. 1.8351280 78.595330 60.959682 2025-Oct-23 17:50 Nm 15 26 39.04 -19 51 14.1 238.212350 4.883773 n.a. n.a. 0.986008236890 -0.5304280 0.00970505093282 0.3942045 24.0997 /T 155.6701 4.486/ 4.4929 n.a. n.a. 1.9529961 78.683513 59.833590 2025-Oct-23 18:00 Nm 15 26 40.44 -19 51 10.2 239.919440 3.262661 n.a. n.a. 0.986006109476 -0.5304287 0.00970664415954 0.4001468 24.0977 /T 155.6721 4.481/ 4.5142 n.a. n.a. 2.0728978 78.822574 58.706549 2025-Oct-23 18:10 N 15 26 41.92 -19 51 06.1 241.596451 1.613816 n.a. n.a. 0.986003982060 -0.5304293 0.00970826006455 0.4055111 24.0961 /T 155.6737 4.475/ 4.5358 n.a. n.a. 2.1946146 79.003494 57.578770 2025-Oct-23 18:20 N 15 26 43.49 -19 51 01.9 243.245804 -0.060876 n.a. n.a. 0.986001854641 -0.5304299 0.00970989630887 0.4102872 24.0947 /T 155.6750 4.470/ 4.5579 n.a. n.a. 2.3179281 79.218889 56.450395 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-24 17:30 Cm 15 32 00.67 -20 03 51.2 234.299773 8.104908 n.a. n.a. 0.985706135784 -0.5304268 0.00975699205694 0.3761550 24.3862 /T 155.3797 11.3/ 9.0884 n.a. n.a. 1.6431423 76.359063 62.741637 2025-Oct-24 17:40 Cm 15 32 01.84 -20 03 47.2 236.077137 6.552685 n.a. n.a. 0.985704008377 -0.5304262 0.00975851527245 0.3832901 24.3834 /T 155.3825 11.3/ 9.1152 n.a. n.a. 1.7577012 76.513261 61.588153 2025-Oct-24 17:50 Nm 15 32 03.10 -20 03 43.0 237.819505 4.968279 n.a. n.a. 0.985701880973 -0.5304255 0.00976006600303 0.3898730 24.3809 /T 155.3850 11.4/ 9.1425 n.a. n.a. 1.8744643 76.718896 60.435846 2025-Oct-24 18:00 Nm 15 32 04.44 -20 03 38.7 239.529166 3.353776 n.a. n.a. 0.985699753572 -0.5304249 0.00976164200879 0.3958913 24.3787 /T 155.3872 11.4/ 9.1702 n.a. n.a. 1.9932252 76.965840 59.284651 2025-Oct-24 18:10 Nm 15 32 05.86 -20 03 34.1 241.208462 1.711163 n.a. n.a. 0.985697626173 -0.5304242 0.00976324100232 0.4013338 24.3768 /T 155.3891 11.5/ 9.1984 n.a. n.a. 2.1137765 77.245957 58.134472 2025-Oct-24 18:20 Nm 15 32 07.36 -20 03 29.4 242.859790 0.042337 n.a. n.a. 0.985695498777 -0.5304235 0.00976486065307 0.4061902 24.3752 /T 155.3907 11.6/ 9.2271 n.a. n.a. 2.2359093 77.552687 56.985196 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-25 17:30 Cm 15 37 16.88 -20 15 15.0 233.937085 8.167032 n.a. n.a. 0.985399833113 -0.5302426 0.00981025276716 0.3716591 24.6325 /T 155.1299 21.4/ 15.2015 n.a. n.a. 1.5680141 73.984950 63.420078 2025-Oct-25 17:40 Cm 15 37 17.99 -20 15 10.6 235.717239 6.621583 n.a. n.a. 0.985397706448 -0.5302406 0.00981175807984 0.3788590 24.6294 /T 155.1329 21.5/ 15.2331 n.a. n.a. 1.6814289 74.288918 62.237728 2025-Oct-25 17:50 Nm 15 37 19.18 -20 15 06.0 237.462198 5.043593 n.a. n.a. 0.985395579791 -0.5302387 0.00981329117240 0.3855090 24.6267 /T 155.1356 21.5/ 15.2653 n.a. n.a. 1.7970080 74.630483 61.058901 2025-Oct-25 18:00 Nm 15 37 20.45 -20 15 01.2 239.174220 3.435154 n.a. n.a. 0.985393453142 -0.5302368 0.00981484981380 0.3915967 24.6242 /T 155.1381 21.6/ 15.2979 n.a. n.a. 1.9145572 75.001058 59.883157 2025-Oct-25 18:10 Nm 15 37 21.81 -20 14 56.2 240.855625 1.798264 n.a. n.a. 0.985391326500 -0.5302348 0.00981643172491 0.3971104 24.6220 /T 155.1402 21.6/ 15.3310 n.a. n.a. 2.0338795 75.393870 58.710099 2025-Oct-25 18:20 Am 15 37 23.25 -20 14 51.0 242.508783 0.134826 n.a. n.a. 0.985389199866 -0.5302329 0.00981803458291 0.4020400 24.6202 /T 155.1421 21.7/ 15.3646 n.a. n.a. 2.1547748 75.803556 57.539367 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Oct-26 17:30 Cm 15 42 24.82 -20 25 34.7 233.610952 8.220392 n.a. n.a. 0.985093690083 -0.5298736 0.00986166560395 0.3672280 24.8426 /T 154.9165 32.0/ 22.6177 n.a. n.a. 1.4944235 71.428102 64.120822 2025-Oct-26 17:40 Cm 15 42 25.87 -20 25 29.9 235.393608 6.681077 n.a. n.a. 0.985091564901 -0.5298704 0.00986315326086 0.3744863 24.8393 /T 154.9198 32.0/ 22.6532 n.a. n.a. 1.6065700 71.907372 62.910242 2025-Oct-26 17:50 Nm 15 42 27.00 -20 25 24.8 237.140896 5.108897 n.a. n.a. 0.985089439731 -0.5298672 0.00986466893587 0.3811967 24.8363 /T 154.9228 32.1/ 22.6891 n.a. n.a. 1.7208555 72.406298 61.705275 2025-Oct-26 18:00 Nm 15 42 28.21 -20 25 19.6 238.855047 3.505952 n.a. n.a. 0.985087314574 -0.5298639 0.00986621040586 0.3873467 24.8336 /T 154.9255 32.1/ 22.7254 n.a. n.a. 1.8370968 72.918615 60.505146 2025-Oct-26 18:10 Nm 15 42 29.50 -20 25 14.1 240.538359 1.874248 n.a. n.a. 0.985085189430 -0.5298607 0.00986777539916 0.3929245 24.8312 /T 154.9279 32.2/ 22.7623 n.a. n.a. 1.9551054 73.439520 59.309186 2025-Oct-26 18:20 Am 15 42 30.87 -20 25 08.5 242.193179 0.215696 n.a. n.a. 0.985083064300 -0.5298574 0.00986936159991 0.3979199 24.8291 /T 154.9300 32.2/ 22.7996 n.a. n.a. 2.0746883 73.965329 58.116819 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************