API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Jul 05, 2025 Wind Spacecraft / (Earth) -8 https://wind.nasa.gov/ https://hpde.io/SMWG/Observatory/Wind https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/25-years-of-science-in-the-solar-wind BACKGROUND: The primary science objectives of the Wind mission are: - Provide plasma, energetic particle, and magnetic field data for magnetospheric and ionospheric studies - Investigate plasma processes occurring in the near-Earth solar wind - Provide baseline, 1 AU, ecliptic plane observations for inner and outer heliospheric missions Wind is a spin-stabilized spacecraft launched on a Delta II 7925-10 rocket 1994-Nov-1 @ 09:31 UTC from pad 17B at Cape Canaveral, FL. The spacecraft has visited many regions of the near-Earth space environment. For the first nine months of operation, Wind was placed in a double-lunar swingby orbit near the ecliptic plane, with apogee from 80 to 250 Earth radii and perigee of between 5 and 10 Earth radii. In this orbit, lunar gravity assists were used to keep its apogee over the day hemisphere of the Earth, and magnetospheric observations were made through several orbit passages. Wind was then temporarily inserted into a small amplitude "halo" orbit, about the sunward Sun-Earth gravitational equilibrium point (SEMB-L1), varying from 235 to 265 Earth radii (Re). In 2001 and 2002, Wind had a distant prograde orbit that took it +/- 300 Re leading and lagging Earth. This orbit provided a wide baseline to study solar wind structures and correlations. In 2003 (Nov 2003 to Feb 2004), Wind reached the L2 Lagrange point 240 Re anti-sunward from Earth providing a 500 Re spatial separation from ACE solar wind observations along with measurements of the distant Earth magnetotail. In late June of 2004, Wind used its last lunar gravity assist to insert into a L1 Lissajous orbit to observe the unperturbed solar wind prior to it impacting the magnetosphere of Earth, providing an approx. one-hour warning of changes in the solar wind. On June 26, 2020, Wind completed the first halo orbit insertion maneuver. A second was completed on August 31, 2020, a third on November 9, 2020. The maneuvers were necessary to prevent Wind from entering the solar exclusion zone around the solar disk, where solar radio emissions can interfere with spacecraft communications. The halo orbit is an ellipse tilted with respect to the ecliptic plane, while Lissajous has an out-of-plane (z) component oscillation decoupled from in-plane components. Wind currently has enough fuel to continue its mission at L1 into the 2070s. SPACECRAFT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Bus size : 2.4 x 1.8 m cylinder Power : 370 Watts (body mounted solar panels) Launch mass: 1250 kg Dry mass : 950 kg Extension : Long wire spin-plane antennas, inertial booms, and spin-plane appendages to support sensors. Experiment booms deployed along both Z axes. Spin rate : 20 rpm (~3 s period) w/axis < 1 degree from normal to ecliptic (spacecraft +Z spin axis aligned with south ecliptic pole) SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS 1. Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) 2. Solar Wind Experiment (SWE) Faraday Cup - Ion Data Electron Data 3. 3D Plasma Analyzer 4. SMS Suprathermal Particle Data 5. EPACT High Energy Particle Data 6. WAVES Radio and Plasma Waves Data 7. KONUS and TGRS Data (gamma ray) SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY: This trajectory is a concatenation of weekly prediction provided by GSFC. Based on tracking data through 2025-Jun-30, prediction thereafter. Trajectory name Start Stop ---------------------------- ----------- ----------- Wind_merged 1994-Nov-01 2025-Sep-22 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Tue Jul 15 00:34:11 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Wind (spacecraft) (-8) {source: Wind_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: SATINO Remote Observatory, Haute Provence ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2025-Jul-06 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2025-Jul-20 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 5.7124, 43.9320269, .703985 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 5.7124, 4601.22659, 4403.14405 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.250714.p251010 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-JUL-14. PREDICTS-> 2025-OCT-09 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Solar Elongation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-11 03:00 Nr 06 28 48.79 +25 39 19.1 53.030642 -0.032192 n.a. n.a. 1.005570803265 0.0129864 0.01124142864249 -0.2790962 12.4682 /L 167.3935 165.0/ 99.7624 n.a. n.a. 1.9678707 65.561451 -46.22804 2025-Jul-11 03:10 Nm 06 28 50.08 +25 39 27.4 54.751933 1.424949 n.a. n.a. 1.005570855278 0.0129502 0.01124029738713 -0.2849409 12.4706 /L 167.3911 164.9/ 99.7612 n.a. n.a. 1.8898000 63.780293 -47.97917 2025-Jul-11 03:20 Nm 06 28 51.29 +25 39 35.9 56.447711 2.913285 n.a. n.a. 1.005570907145 0.0129141 0.01123914373241 -0.2902643 12.4732 /L 167.3884 164.9/ 99.7598 n.a. n.a. 1.8110639 61.868509 -49.71532 2025-Jul-11 03:30 Cm 06 28 52.44 +25 39 44.6 58.119684 4.431081 n.a. n.a. 1.005570958868 0.0128780 0.01123796979019 -0.2950560 12.4762 /L 167.3855 164.8/ 99.7584 n.a. n.a. 1.7319973 59.808287 -51.43273 2025-Jul-11 03:40 Cm 06 28 53.50 +25 39 53.4 59.769644 5.976662 n.a. n.a. 1.005571010446 0.0128418 0.01123677771170 -0.2993068 12.4794 /L 167.3822 164.7/ 99.7569 n.a. n.a. 1.6529702 57.579170 -53.12679 2025-Jul-11 03:50 Cm 06 28 54.50 +25 40 02.4 61.399461 7.548411 n.a. n.a. 1.005571061879 0.0128057 0.01123556968348 -0.3030084 12.4829 /L 167.3787 164.7/ 99.7552 n.a. n.a. 1.5743939 55.157754 -54.79191 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-12 03:00 Nm 06 29 59.89 +25 36 08.6 53.542614 0.324664 n.a. n.a. 1.005576791111 0.0077307 0.01123494693903 -0.2798239 13.1327 /L 166.7218 152.4/ 98.2513 n.a. n.a. 1.9742486 65.755972 -46.22647 2025-Jul-12 03:10 Nm 06 30 01.19 +25 36 16.9 55.257426 1.791144 n.a. n.a. 1.005576822043 0.0076938 0.01123381304324 -0.2855300 13.1350 /L 166.7195 152.4/ 98.2388 n.a. n.a. 1.8952072 63.995580 -47.97305 2025-Jul-12 03:20 Nm 06 30 02.41 +25 36 25.3 56.947173 3.288319 n.a. n.a. 1.005576852826 0.0076569 0.01123265731065 -0.2907115 13.1376 /L 166.7169 152.3/ 98.2261 n.a. n.a. 1.8155048 62.106027 -49.70594 2025-Jul-12 03:30 Nm 06 30 03.56 +25 36 33.9 58.613591 4.814469 n.a. n.a. 1.005576883462 0.0076200 0.01123148186502 -0.2953587 13.1405 /L 166.7140 152.2/ 98.2131 n.a. n.a. 1.7354722 60.069587 -51.42151 2025-Jul-12 03:40 Cm 06 30 04.63 +25 36 42.7 60.258497 6.367936 n.a. n.a. 1.005576913950 0.0075831 0.01123028886840 -0.2994623 13.1437 /L 166.7108 152.2/ 98.1999 n.a. n.a. 1.6554747 57.865856 -53.11532 2025-Jul-12 03:50 Cm 06 30 05.63 +25 36 51.6 61.883791 7.947115 n.a. n.a. 1.005576944290 0.0075462 0.01122908051700 -0.3030144 13.1471 /L 166.7073 152.1/ 98.1864 n.a. n.a. 1.5759176 55.471415 -54.78193 2025-Jul-12 04:00 Cm 06 30 06.54 +25 37 00.6 63.491447 9.550459 n.a. n.a. 1.005576974482 0.0075093 0.01122785903704 -0.3060080 13.1509 /L 166.7035 152.0/ 98.1726 n.a. n.a. 1.4972542 52.859535 -56.41466 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-13 03:00 Nm 06 31 14.91 +25 32 46.2 54.043909 0.672293 n.a. n.a. 1.005579711324 0.0023628 0.01122899196806 -0.2807933 13.7840 /L 166.0635 139.5/ 94.5183 n.a. n.a. 1.9855802 66.046498 -46.17681 2025-Jul-13 03:10 Nm 06 31 16.22 +25 32 54.4 55.752559 2.147793 n.a. n.a. 1.005579720725 0.0023251 0.01122785445578 -0.2863641 13.7863 /L 166.0612 139.4/ 94.4954 n.a. n.a. 1.9054979 64.315666 -47.91699 2025-Jul-13 03:20 Nm 06 31 17.45 +25 33 02.8 57.436589 3.653503 n.a. n.a. 1.005579729975 0.0022874 0.01122669565503 -0.2914075 13.7889 /L 166.0586 139.4/ 94.4721 n.a. n.a. 1.8247460 62.458241 -49.64502 2025-Jul-13 03:30 Nm 06 31 18.60 +25 33 11.4 59.097763 5.187717 n.a. n.a. 1.005579739074 0.0022497 0.01122551770098 -0.2959138 13.7917 /L 166.0558 139.3/ 94.4485 n.a. n.a. 1.7436492 60.456749 -51.35749 2025-Jul-13 03:40 Cm 06 31 19.68 +25 33 20.1 60.737925 6.748790 n.a. n.a. 1.005579748021 0.0022120 0.01122432276594 -0.2998741 13.7948 /L 166.0526 139.2/ 94.4247 n.a. n.a. 1.6625653 58.291024 -53.05016 2025-Jul-13 03:50 Cm 06 31 20.69 +25 33 28.9 62.358997 8.335133 n.a. n.a. 1.005579756817 0.0021743 0.01122311305530 -0.3032808 13.7982 /L 166.0492 139.2/ 94.4004 n.a. n.a. 1.5818908 55.937843 -54.71785 2025-Jul-13 04:00 Cm 06 31 21.62 +25 33 37.9 63.962980 9.945211 n.a. n.a. 1.005579765462 0.0021366 0.01122189080338 -0.3061271 13.8019 /L 166.0455 139.1/ 94.3759 n.a. n.a. 1.5020684 53.370589 -56.35419 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-14 02:50 Nr 06 32 33.01 +25 29 03.1 52.804589 -0.443755 n.a. n.a. 1.005579510519 -0.0030822 0.01122446647708 -0.2761737 14.4180 /L 165.4227 126.4/ 88.6413 n.a. n.a. 2.0818026 68.012793 -44.35799 2025-Jul-14 03:00 Nm 06 32 34.40 +25 29 11.0 54.533297 1.008944 n.a. n.a. 1.005579498080 -0.0031207 0.01122334671758 -0.2821330 14.4199 /L 165.4208 126.3/ 88.6089 n.a. n.a. 2.0015968 66.427790 -46.09748 2025-Jul-14 03:10 Nm 06 32 35.72 +25 29 19.2 56.236124 2.493131 n.a. n.a. 1.005579485487 -0.0031592 0.01122220409586 -0.2875726 14.4221 /L 165.4186 126.2/ 88.5762 n.a. n.a. 1.9204113 64.734525 -47.82915 2025-Jul-14 03:20 Nm 06 32 36.96 +25 29 27.5 57.914771 4.007057 n.a. n.a. 1.005579472739 -0.0031977 0.01122104071768 -0.2924819 14.4246 /L 165.4161 126.2/ 88.5434 n.a. n.a. 1.8385364 62.918248 -49.55043 2025-Jul-14 03:30 Nm 06 32 38.13 +25 29 36.0 59.571029 5.549031 n.a. n.a. 1.005579459836 -0.0032362 0.01121985872901 -0.2968516 14.4274 /L 165.4133 126.1/ 88.5103 n.a. n.a. 1.7562886 60.961895 -51.25813 2025-Jul-14 03:40 Cm 06 32 39.22 +25 29 44.6 61.206767 7.117421 n.a. n.a. 1.005579446780 -0.0032747 0.01121866031195 -0.3006730 14.4304 /L 165.4103 126.1/ 88.4769 n.a. n.a. 1.6740159 58.845725 -52.94832 2025-Jul-14 03:50 Cm 06 32 40.24 +25 29 53.4 62.823932 8.710651 n.a. n.a. 1.005579433569 -0.0033132 0.01121744768058 -0.3039387 14.4337 /L 165.4069 126.0/ 88.4431 n.a. n.a. 1.5921034 56.546919 -54.61614 2025-Jul-14 04:00 Cm 06 32 41.18 +25 30 02.2 64.424551 10.327198 n.a. n.a. 1.005579420203 -0.0033517 0.01121622307680 -0.3066423 14.4374 /L 165.4033 125.9/ 88.4091 n.a. n.a. 1.5109802 54.039199 -56.25559 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-15 02:50 Nr 06 33 57.44 +25 25 14.1 53.286923 -0.128536 n.a. n.a. 1.005576118841 -0.0086826 0.01121884889380 -0.2781252 15.0363 /L 164.7978 113.0/ 80.7442 n.a. n.a. 2.1031473 68.434511 -44.28184 2025-Jul-15 03:00 Nm 06 33 58.85 +25 25 22.0 55.009759 1.332975 n.a. n.a. 1.005576083939 -0.0087219 0.01121772155604 -0.2839606 15.0382 /L 164.7959 112.9/ 80.7028 n.a. n.a. 2.0218098 66.889886 -46.00904 2025-Jul-15 03:10 Nm 06 34 00.18 +25 25 30.1 56.707119 2.825506 n.a. n.a. 1.005576048878 -0.0087612 0.01121657185877 -0.2892734 15.0403 /L 164.7938 112.9/ 80.6614 n.a. n.a. 1.9394714 65.240930 -47.73002 2025-Jul-15 03:20 Nm 06 34 01.45 +25 25 38.3 58.380733 4.347321 n.a. n.a. 1.005576013660 -0.0088005 0.01121540191905 -0.2940533 15.0427 /L 164.7914 112.8/ 80.6198 n.a. n.a. 1.8564145 63.473399 -49.44246 2025-Jul-15 03:30 Nm 06 34 02.63 +25 25 46.7 60.032417 5.896743 n.a. n.a. 1.005575978285 -0.0088399 0.01121421389313 -0.2982911 15.0454 /L 164.7887 112.7/ 80.5782 n.a. n.a. 1.7729463 61.570783 -51.14345 2025-Jul-15 03:40 Cm 06 34 03.74 +25 25 55.3 61.664064 7.472152 n.a. n.a. 1.005575942751 -0.0088792 0.01121300997235 -0.3019784 15.0483 /L 164.7857 112.7/ 80.5364 n.a. n.a. 1.6894032 59.513930 -52.82940 2025-Jul-15 03:50 Cm 06 34 04.78 +25 26 04.0 63.277647 9.071986 n.a. n.a. 1.005575907060 -0.0089185 0.01121179237901 -0.3051081 15.0516 /L 164.7825 112.6/ 80.4944 n.a. n.a. 1.6061567 57.280624 -54.49586 2025-Jul-15 04:00 Cm 06 34 05.73 +25 26 12.7 64.875217 10.694733 n.a. n.a. 1.005575871211 -0.0089579 0.01121056336215 -0.3076740 15.0551 /L 164.7789 112.5/ 80.4522 n.a. n.a. 1.5236196 54.845154 -56.13730 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-16 02:50 Nm 06 35 27.24 +25 21 10.3 53.755209 0.172979 n.a. n.a. 1.005569458427 -0.0144016 0.01121290137259 -0.2806569 15.6353 /L 164.1924 99.4/ 71.1676 n.a. n.a. 2.1280210 68.918642 -44.21983 2025-Jul-16 03:00 Nm 06 35 28.67 +25 21 18.1 55.472550 1.642938 n.a. n.a. 1.005569400585 -0.0144417 0.01121176412025 -0.2863731 15.6371 /L 164.1907 99.4/ 71.1179 n.a. n.a. 2.0455229 67.418953 -45.93262 2025-Jul-16 03:10 Nm 06 35 30.02 +25 21 26.1 57.164813 3.143466 n.a. n.a. 1.005569342583 -0.0144818 0.01121060499260 -0.2915638 15.6391 /L 164.1886 99.3/ 71.0685 n.a. n.a. 1.9619972 65.819420 -47.64079 2025-Jul-16 03:20 Nm 06 35 31.31 +25 21 34.2 58.833755 4.672840 n.a. n.a. 1.005569284419 -0.0145220 0.01120942611742 -0.2962190 15.6414 /L 164.1863 99.2/ 71.0192 n.a. n.a. 1.8777176 64.106401 -49.34227 2025-Jul-16 03:30 Nm 06 35 32.51 +25 21 42.5 60.481216 6.229395 n.a. n.a. 1.005569226095 -0.0145621 0.01120822966070 -0.3003298 15.6440 /L 164.1837 99.2/ 70.9701 n.a. n.a. 1.7929809 62.264055 -51.03448 2025-Jul-16 03:40 Cm 06 35 33.64 +25 21 51.0 62.109114 7.811525 n.a. n.a. 1.005569167609 -0.0146023 0.01120701782255 -0.3038881 15.6469 /L 164.1808 99.1/ 70.9210 n.a. n.a. 1.7081111 60.273958 -52.71421 2025-Jul-16 03:50 Cm 06 35 34.70 +25 21 59.6 63.719446 9.417678 n.a. n.a. 1.005569108962 -0.0146424 0.01120579283302 -0.3068870 15.6500 /L 164.1777 99.0/ 70.8719 n.a. n.a. 1.6234644 58.114661 -54.37743 2025-Jul-16 04:00 Cm 06 35 35.67 +25 22 08.2 65.314286 11.046354 n.a. n.a. 1.005569050154 -0.0146826 0.01120455694787 -0.3093205 15.6535 /L 164.1742 99.0/ 70.8229 n.a. n.a. 1.5394358 55.761230 -56.01914 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-17 02:50 Am 06 37 02.70 +25 16 50.4 54.209015 0.459608 n.a. n.a. 1.005559460913 -0.0202385 0.01120622456937 -0.2838357 16.2137 /L 163.6080 85.7/ 60.3570 n.a. n.a. 2.1555369 69.450356 -44.19151 2025-Jul-17 03:00 Nm 06 37 04.15 +25 16 58.1 55.921249 1.937652 n.a. n.a. 1.005559379659 -0.0202794 0.01120507479821 -0.2894372 16.2153 /L 163.6063 85.6/ 60.3002 n.a. n.a. 2.0718636 67.998538 -45.88809 2025-Jul-17 03:10 Nm 06 37 05.53 +25 17 06.0 57.608793 3.445833 n.a. n.a. 1.005559298241 -0.0203204 0.01120390361691 -0.2945106 16.2172 /L 163.6044 85.6/ 60.2440 n.a. n.a. 1.9871327 66.451720 -47.58158 2025-Jul-17 03:20 Nm 06 37 06.83 +25 17 14.1 59.273431 4.982438 n.a. n.a. 1.005559216659 -0.0203613 0.01120271316344 -0.2990462 16.2194 /L 163.6022 85.5/ 60.1881 n.a. n.a. 1.9016091 64.796923 -49.27018 2025-Jul-17 03:30 Nm 06 37 08.06 +25 17 22.3 60.917026 6.545815 n.a. n.a. 1.005559134913 -0.0204023 0.01120150561304 -0.3030350 16.2219 /L 163.5997 85.4/ 60.1326 n.a. n.a. 1.8155787 63.019055 -50.95162 2025-Jul-17 03:40 Cm 06 37 09.22 +25 17 30.6 62.541520 8.134371 n.a. n.a. 1.005559053002 -0.0204432 0.01120028317411 -0.3064695 16.2247 /L 163.5969 85.4/ 60.0775 n.a. n.a. 1.7293527 61.100519 -52.62307 2025-Jul-17 03:50 Cm 06 37 10.29 +25 17 39.1 64.148933 9.746563 n.a. n.a. 1.005558970927 -0.0204842 0.01119904808402 -0.3093428 16.2278 /L 163.5939 85.3/ 60.0227 n.a. n.a. 1.6432715 59.020765 -54.28098 2025-Jul-17 04:00 Cm 06 37 11.29 +25 17 47.6 65.741364 11.380902 n.a. n.a. 1.005558888688 -0.0205252 0.01119780260486 -0.3116494 16.2311 /L 163.5905 85.2/ 59.9681 n.a. n.a. 1.5577114 56.755797 -55.92088 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-18 02:50 Am 06 38 43.99 +25 12 13.4 54.648268 0.730485 n.a. n.a. 1.005546058720 -0.0261912 0.01119839190611 -0.2876912 16.7705 /L 163.0453 71.9/ 48.8666 n.a. n.a. 2.1846811 70.013650 -44.21331 2025-Jul-18 03:00 Nm 06 38 45.46 +25 12 21.0 56.355785 2.216262 n.a. n.a. 1.005545953589 -0.0262330 0.01119722689254 -0.2931828 16.7720 /L 163.0438 71.8/ 48.8045 n.a. n.a. 2.0998317 68.610997 -45.89238 2025-Jul-18 03:10 Nm 06 38 46.86 +25 12 28.8 58.038992 3.731760 n.a. n.a. 1.005545848291 -0.0262747 0.01119604091513 -0.2981437 16.7738 /L 163.0420 71.7/ 48.7430 n.a. n.a. 2.0138939 67.118335 -47.56975 2025-Jul-18 03:20 Nm 06 38 48.19 +25 12 36.8 59.699694 5.275278 n.a. n.a. 1.005545742826 -0.0263165 0.01119483612155 -0.3025644 16.7759 /L 163.0399 71.6/ 48.6823 n.a. n.a. 1.9271237 65.523383 -49.24387 2025-Jul-18 03:30 Nm 06 38 49.45 +25 12 44.9 61.339779 6.845177 n.a. n.a. 1.005545637193 -0.0263582 0.01119361469581 -0.3064363 16.7783 /L 163.0375 71.6/ 48.6222 n.a. n.a. 1.8397965 63.811836 -50.91281 2025-Jul-18 03:40 Cm 06 38 50.62 +25 12 53.1 62.961213 8.439871 n.a. n.a. 1.005545531393 -0.0264000 0.01119237885417 -0.3097520 16.7810 /L 163.0348 71.5/ 48.5627 n.a. n.a. 1.7522105 61.966985 -52.57412 2025-Jul-18 03:50 Cm 06 38 51.72 +25 13 01.4 64.566038 10.057831 n.a. n.a. 1.005545425426 -0.0264418 0.01119113084091 -0.3125050 16.7840 /L 163.0318 71.4/ 48.5037 n.a. n.a. 1.6646909 59.969259 -54.22468 2025-Jul-18 04:00 Cm 06 38 52.74 +25 13 09.8 66.156377 11.697576 n.a. n.a. 1.005545319290 -0.0264835 0.01118987292412 -0.3146899 16.7872 /L 163.0286 71.4/ 48.4454 n.a. n.a. 1.5775951 57.795711 -55.86060 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2025-Jul-19 02:40 Ar 06 40 29.56 +25 07 11.0 53.344374 -0.476993 n.a. n.a. 1.005529315056 -0.0322144 0.01119013357879 -0.2863024 17.3043 /L 162.5059 58.0/ 37.3953 n.a. n.a. 2.2990422 71.871258 -42.63687 2025-Jul-19 02:50 Am 06 40 31.13 +25 07 18.3 55.073258 0.985109 n.a. n.a. 1.005529185767 -0.0322569 0.01118897330289 -0.2922110 17.3055 /L 162.5048 57.9/ 37.3295 n.a. n.a. 2.2143790 70.592616 -44.29715 2025-Jul-19 03:00 Nm 06 40 32.63 +25 07 25.8 56.776449 2.478281 n.a. n.a. 1.005529056307 -0.0322994 0.01118779037408 -0.2975970 17.3069 /L 162.5033 57.8/ 37.2647 n.a. n.a. 2.1283649 69.238891 -45.95795 2025-Jul-19 03:10 Nm 06 40 34.06 +25 07 33.5 58.455694 4.000776 n.a. n.a. 1.005528926677 -0.0323419 0.01118658690966 -0.3024499 17.3087 /L 162.5016 57.8/ 37.2007 n.a. n.a. 2.0412325 67.800107 -47.61829 2025-Jul-19 03:20 Nm 06 40 35.41 +25 07 41.3 60.112825 5.550905 n.a. n.a. 1.005528796876 -0.0323844 0.01118536506649 -0.3067605 17.3107 /L 162.4996 57.7/ 37.1376 n.a. n.a. 1.9532296 66.264681 -49.27685 2025-Jul-19 03:30 Nm 06 40 36.69 +25 07 49.3 61.749752 7.127038 n.a. n.a. 1.005528666905 -0.0324269 0.01118412703696 -0.3105203 17.3129 /L 162.4974 57.6/ 37.0753 n.a. n.a. 1.8646215 64.619103 -50.93200 2025-Jul-19 03:40 Cm 06 40 37.89 +25 07 57.4 63.368464 8.727600 n.a. n.a. 1.005528536763 -0.0324695 0.01118287504476 -0.3137222 17.3155 /L 162.4948 57.5/ 37.0138 n.a. n.a. 1.7756943 62.847564 -52.58164 2025-Jul-19 03:50 Cm 06 40 39.01 +25 08 05.6 64.971026 10.351070 n.a. n.a. 1.005528406451 -0.0325120 0.01118161134076 -0.3163598 17.3184 /L 162.4919 57.5/ 36.9532 n.a. n.a. 1.6867583 60.931504 -54.22310 2025-Jul-19 04:00 Cm 06 40 40.06 +25 08 13.9 66.559584 11.995977 n.a. n.a. 1.005528275968 -0.0325545 0.01118033819869 -0.3184279 17.3215 /L 162.4888 57.4/ 36.8932 n.a. n.a. 1.5981532 58.849079 -55.85300 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************