API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Jul 05, 2025 Euclid Observatory (spacecraft) -680 https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Euclid BACKGROUND: Euclid was built and operated by the European Space Agency with contributions from NASA. It launched July 01, 2023 @ 15:12 UTC on a SpaceX Falcon 9 from Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA. After a one-month transit, its operational orbit will halo around the Earth-Sun Lagrange point 2 (L2), at an average distance of 1.5 million km from Earth. This location keeps pace with Earth as it orbits the Sun (and also hosts ESA's Gaia and NASA's James Webb space telescopes, among others). Nominal mission lifetime is six years, with the possibility of extension (limited by the amount of cold gas used for propulsion). MISSION: Euclid is a cosmology survey mission, optimised to determine the properties of dark energy and dark matter on universal scales to address key questions: - What is the structure and history of the cosmic web? - What is the nature of dark matter? - How has the expansion of the Universe changed over time? - What is the nature of dark energy? - Is our understanding of gravity complete? In addition, Euclid will perform near-infrared spectroscopy of hundreds of millions of galaxies and stars. This will allow investigation of the chemical and kinematical properties of many targets in detail. Euclid's image quality will be at least four times sharper than that achieved by ground-based sky surveys. SPACECRAFT: 4.7m tall, 3.7 m diameter Two major components: service and payload modules Service module 850 kg Payload module 800 kg Propellant 210 kg Balancing mass 40 kg Service module contains: electric power generation and distribution attitude control data processing electronics propulsion telecommand and telemetry thermal control SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS (payload module): - 1.2-m diameter telescope - Visible-wavelength camera (the VISible instrument, VIS) - Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer, NISP) SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY Tracking-data based from ESA 2025-Jun-10, predicts thereafter: Trajectory name Start Stop -------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- euclid_flp_00069_20230701_20310907_v01 2023-Jul-01 2031-Sep-07 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Fri Jul 11 17:52:20 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Euclid (spacecraft) (-680) {source: Euclid_current} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: Swan Reach Imaging, Glenalta ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Nov-30 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 139.5701, -34.5440227, .056888 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 139.5701,5259.32258,-3596.34777 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.250711.p251007 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-JUL-11. PREDICTS-> 2025-OCT-06 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Nov-30 12:00 06 34 30.19 +27 32 35.0 56.224770 -0.425127 n.a. n.a. 0.995333992401 -0.1768251 0.01047027607448 -0.2378173 150.4631 /L 29.2399 141.6/ 0.7409 n.a. n.a. 2.3903235 20.335707 -38.17024 2024-Nov-30 12:10 06 34 30.76 +27 32 57.3 54.791136 1.271136 n.a. n.a. 0.995333283316 -0.1767667 0.01046933310378 -0.2323264 150.4675 /L 29.2355 141.7/ 0.7258 n.a. n.a. 2.3290575 17.675776 -38.24545 2024-Nov-30 12:20 06 34 31.24 +27 33 19.4 53.321536 2.937465 n.a. n.a. 0.995332574466 -0.1767082 0.01046841335562 -0.2262384 150.4723 /L 29.2308 141.9/ 0.7108 n.a. n.a. 2.2712443 14.948569 -38.20855 2024-Nov-30 12:30 06 34 31.63 +27 33 41.2 51.814043 4.571971 n.a. n.a. 0.995331865850 -0.1766497 0.01046751920189 -0.2195649 150.4774 /L 29.2258 142.0/ 0.6959 n.a. n.a. 2.2169664 12.160801 -38.05096 2024-Nov-30 12:40 06 34 31.93 +27 34 02.8 50.266756 6.172658 n.a. n.a. 0.995331157468 -0.1765913 0.01046665296620 -0.2123184 150.4829 /L 29.2204 142.1/ 0.6812 n.a. n.a. 2.1662643 9.3204230 -37.76386 2024-Nov-30 12:50 06 34 32.15 +27 34 24.0 48.677818 7.737425 n.a. n.a. 0.995330449321 -0.1765328 0.01046581691941 -0.2045126 150.4886 /L 29.2147 142.2/ 0.6665 n.a. n.a. 2.1191332 6.4365197 -37.33821 2024-Nov-30 13:00 06 34 32.28 +27 34 44.9 47.045436 9.264058 n.a. n.a. 0.995329741408 -0.1764744 0.01046501327518 -0.1961623 150.4947 /L 29.2087 142.3/ 0.6520 n.a. n.a. 2.0755214 3.5191546 -36.76488 2024-Nov-30 13:10 06 34 32.34 +27 35 05.4 45.367895 10.750233 n.a. n.a. 0.995329033730 -0.1764160 0.01046424418571 -0.1872834 150.5011 /L 29.2023 142.4/ 0.6376 n.a. n.a. 2.0353286 0.5791531 -36.03464 2024-Nov-30 13:20 06 34 32.31 +27 35 25.6 43.643594 12.193515 n.a. n.a. 0.995328326286 -0.1763575 0.01046351173759 -0.1778927 150.5078 /L 29.1957 142.5/ 0.6234 n.a. n.a. 1.9984068 357.62784 -35.13830 2024-Nov-30 13:30 06 34 32.20 +27 35 45.3 41.871064 13.591363 n.a. n.a. 0.995327619076 -0.1762991 0.01046281794767 -0.1680082 150.5148 /L 29.1888 142.7/ 0.6094 n.a. n.a. 1.9645618 354.67675 -34.06677 2024-Nov-30 13:40 06 34 32.03 +27 36 04.7 40.049009 14.941131 n.a. n.a. 0.995326912101 -0.1762407 0.01046216475920 -0.1576487 150.5221 /L 29.1816 142.8/ 0.5955 n.a. n.a. 1.9335559 351.73731 -32.81110 2024-Nov-30 13:50 06 34 31.78 +27 36 23.6 38.176341 16.240076 n.a. n.a. 0.995326205360 -0.1761822 0.01046155403799 -0.1468339 150.5296 /L 29.1742 142.9/ 0.5819 n.a. n.a. 1.9051125 348.82053 -31.36264 2024-Nov-30 14:00 06 34 31.46 +27 36 42.0 36.252219 17.485369 n.a. n.a. 0.995325498854 -0.1761238 0.01046098756883 -0.1355844 150.5374 /L 29.1664 143.0/ 0.5684 n.a. n.a. 1.8789212 345.93676 -29.71313 2024-Nov-30 14:10 06 34 31.09 +27 37 00.0 34.276094 18.674106 n.a. n.a. 0.995324792582 -0.1760654 0.01046046705194 -0.1239218 150.5455 /L 29.1585 143.1/ 0.5551 n.a. n.a. 1.8546438 343.09538 -27.85488 2024-Nov-30 14:20 06 34 30.65 +27 37 17.5 32.247752 19.803324 n.a. n.a. 0.995324086544 -0.1760070 0.01045999409971 -0.1118685 150.5538 /L 29.1503 143.2/ 0.5420 n.a. n.a. 1.8319207 340.30467 -25.78098 2024-Nov-30 14:30 06 34 30.15 +27 37 34.5 30.167364 20.870025 n.a. n.a. 0.995323380740 -0.1759486 0.01045957023349 -0.0994474 150.5623 /L 29.1419 143.4/ 0.5292 n.a. n.a. 1.8103778 337.57168 -23.48563 2024-Nov-30 14:40 06 34 29.60 +27 37 50.9 28.035529 21.871191 n.a. n.a. 0.995322675171 -0.1758902 0.01045919688065 -0.0866823 150.5710 /L 29.1333 143.5/ 0.5165 n.a. n.a. 1.7896328 334.90211 -20.96446 2024-Nov-30 14:50 06 34 29.00 +27 38 06.8 25.853317 22.803820 n.a. n.a. 0.995321969836 -0.1758318 0.01045887537176 -0.0735978 150.5799 /L 29.1245 143.6/ 0.5041 n.a. n.a. 1.7693012 332.30034 -18.21507 2024-Nov-30 15:00 06 34 28.36 +27 38 22.2 23.622309 23.664954 n.a. n.a. 0.995321264735 -0.1757734 0.01045860693801 -0.0602188 150.5889 /L 29.1155 143.7/ 0.4919 n.a. n.a. 1.7490023 329.76942 -15.23755 2024-Nov-30 15:10 06 34 27.67 +27 38 37.0 21.344628 24.451711 n.a. n.a. 0.995320559868 -0.1757150 0.01045839270874 -0.0465712 150.5982 /L 29.1063 143.8/ 0.4800 n.a. n.a. 1.7283635 327.31118 -12.03515 2024-Nov-30 15:20 06 34 26.95 +27 38 51.2 19.022958 25.161328 n.a. n.a. 0.995319855236 -0.1756566 0.01045823370930 -0.0326810 150.6076 /L 29.0970 144.0/ 0.4683 n.a. n.a. 1.7070251 324.92627 -8.614897 2024-Nov-30 15:30 06 34 26.19 +27 39 04.9 16.660559 25.791196 n.a. n.a. 0.995319150838 -0.1755983 0.01045813085897 -0.0185750 150.6171 /L 29.0876 144.1/ 0.4569 n.a. n.a. 1.6846431 322.61431 -4.988258 2024-Nov-30 15:40 06 34 25.40 +27 39 17.9 14.261255 26.338903 n.a. n.a. 0.995318446673 -0.1755399 0.01045808496921 -0.0042803 150.6267 /L 29.0781 144.2/ 0.4457 n.a. n.a. 1.6608925 320.37395 -1.171539 2024-Nov-30 15:50 06 34 24.59 +27 39 30.4 11.829417 26.802275 n.a. n.a. 0.995317742744 -0.1754815 0.01045809674200 0.0101757 150.6365 /L 29.0684 144.3/ 0.4347 n.a. n.a. 1.6354688 318.20304 2.8138952 2024-Nov-30 16:00 06 34 23.76 +27 39 42.3 9.369923 27.179411 n.a. n.a. 0.995317039048 -0.1754232 0.01045816676852 0.0247653 150.6463 /L 29.0587 144.4/ 0.4240 n.a. n.a. 1.6080899 316.09863 6.9418159 2024-Nov-30 16:10 06 34 22.91 +27 39 53.5 6.888101 27.468726 n.a. n.a. 0.995316335586 -0.1753648 0.01045829552796 0.0394602 150.6562 /L 29.0488 144.5/ 0.4136 n.a. n.a. 1.5784966 314.05716 11.181750 2024-Nov-30 16:20 06 34 22.05 +27 40 04.2 4.389656 27.668978 n.a. n.a. 0.995315632358 -0.1753064 0.01045848338661 0.0542323 150.6662 /L 29.0390 144.7/ 0.4035 n.a. n.a. 1.5464535 312.07440 15.500056 2024-Nov-30 16:30 06 34 21.18 +27 40 14.2 1.880582 27.779293 n.a. n.a. 0.995314929365 -0.1752481 0.01045873059708 0.0690532 150.6762 /L 29.0290 144.8/ 0.3936 n.a. n.a. 1.5117492 310.14556 19.861371 2024-Nov-30 16:40 t 06 34 20.31 +27 40 23.6 359.367060 27.799187 n.a. n.a. 0.995314226605 -0.1751897 0.01045903729788 0.0838944 150.6862 /L 29.0191 144.9/ 0.3840 n.a. n.a. 1.4741960 308.26524 24.230279 2024-Nov-30 16:50 06 34 19.43 +27 40 32.4 356.855353 27.728571 n.a. n.a. 0.995313524080 -0.1751314 0.01045940351312 0.0987273 150.6963 /L 29.0091 145.0/ 0.3746 n.a. n.a. 1.4336300 306.42741 28.572991 2024-Nov-30 17:00 06 34 18.57 +27 40 40.5 354.351690 27.567761 n.a. n.a. 0.995312821788 -0.1750731 0.01045982915244 0.1135235 150.7063 /L 28.9992 145.1/ 0.3655 n.a. n.a. 1.3899105 304.62530 32.858836 2024-Nov-30 17:10 06 34 17.71 +27 40 48.1 351.862161 27.317462 n.a. n.a. 0.995312119731 -0.1750147 0.01046031401125 0.1282544 150.7163 /L 28.9893 145.2/ 0.3567 n.a. n.a. 1.3429202 302.85125 37.061386 2024-Nov-30 17:20 06 34 16.87 +27 40 55.1 349.392609 26.978760 n.a. n.a. 0.995311417908 -0.1749564 0.01046085777109 0.1428917 150.7263 /L 28.9794 145.4/ 0.3482 n.a. n.a. 1.2925643 301.09647 41.159134 2024-Nov-30 17:30 06 34 16.04 +27 41 01.4 346.948537 26.553096 n.a. n.a. 0.995310716318 -0.1748981 0.01046146000027 0.1574074 150.7362 /L 28.9695 145.5/ 0.3399 n.a. n.a. 1.2387707 299.35069 45.135709 2024-Nov-30 17:40 A 06 34 15.24 +27 41 07.1 344.535028 26.042239 n.a. n.a. 0.995310014963 -0.1748398 0.01046212015476 0.1717735 150.7460 /L 28.9598 145.6/ 0.3319 n.a. n.a. 1.1814898 297.60167 48.979686 2024-Nov-30 17:50 A 06 34 14.47 +27 41 12.3 342.156683 25.448248 n.a. n.a. 0.995309313841 -0.1747814 0.01046283757925 0.1859624 150.7558 /L 28.9501 145.7/ 0.3241 n.a. n.a. 1.1206950 295.83436 52.684096 2024-Nov-30 18:00 A 06 34 13.72 +27 41 16.9 339.817568 24.773438 n.a. n.a. 0.995308612953 -0.1747231 0.01046361150843 0.1999470 150.7654 /L 28.9405 145.8/ 0.3167 n.a. n.a. 1.0563839 294.02983 56.245746 2024-Nov-30 18:10 A 06 34 13.01 +27 41 20.8 337.521195 24.020337 n.a. n.a. 0.995307912300 -0.1746648 0.01046444106850 0.2137002 150.7749 /L 28.9310 145.9/ 0.3094 n.a. n.a. 0.9885799 292.16341 59.664436 2024-Nov-30 18:20 N 06 34 12.34 +27 41 24.3 335.270498 23.191648 n.a. n.a. 0.995307211880 -0.1746065 0.01046532527895 0.2271958 150.7843 /L 28.9217 146.0/ 0.3025 n.a. n.a. 0.9173357 290.20200 62.942157 2024-Nov-30 18:30 N 06 34 11.72 +27 41 27.1 333.067848 22.290206 n.a. n.a. 0.995306511694 -0.1745482 0.01046626305441 0.2404079 150.7936 /L 28.9125 146.1/ 0.2958 n.a. n.a. 0.8427400 288.09939 66.082286 2024-Nov-30 18:40 N 06 34 11.14 +27 41 29.5 330.915060 21.318940 n.a. n.a. 0.995305811741 -0.1744899 0.01046725320690 0.2533112 150.8027 /L 28.9035 146.2/ 0.2894 n.a. n.a. 0.7649287 285.78851 69.088762 2024-Nov-30 18:50 Nm 06 34 10.61 +27 41 31.3 328.813427 20.280840 n.a. n.a. 0.995305112023 -0.1744316 0.01046829444801 0.2658809 150.8116 /L 28.8946 146.3/ 0.2832 n.a. n.a. 0.6841061 283.16742 71.965160 2024-Nov-30 19:00 Cm 06 34 10.13 +27 41 32.6 326.763752 19.178918 n.a. n.a. 0.995304412538 -0.1743734 0.01046938539162 0.2780930 150.8203 /L 28.8860 146.4/ 0.2772 n.a. n.a. 0.6005873 280.07280 74.713429 2024-Nov-30 19:10 Cm 06 34 09.72 +27 41 33.3 324.766391 18.016186 n.a. n.a. 0.995303713287 -0.1743151 0.01047052455649 0.2899242 150.8288 /L 28.8775 146.5/ 0.2715 n.a. n.a. 0.5148854 276.22601 77.331767 2024-Nov-30 19:20 Cm 06 34 09.36 +27 41 33.6 322.821296 16.795626 n.a. n.a. 0.995303014270 -0.1742568 0.01047171036922 0.3013519 150.8371 /L 28.8693 146.6/ 0.2661 n.a. n.a. 0.4279140 271.11464 79.810192 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************