API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Dec 06, 2024 Spektr-R Telescope (Spacecraft) -557 (Earth orbiting) http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n1107/18spektr/ BACKGROUND: Russian Earth-orbiting radio telescope funded by Russian Astro Space Center. It was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on July 18, 2011 at 02:31 UTC by a Zenit-3M launcher with Fregat-SB upper stage. MISSION OBJECTIVES: The primary scientific goal of Spektr-R over the planned 5-year mission is the study of astronomical objects at an angular resolution of a few millionths of an arcsecond. This is accomplished by using the satellite interferometrically in conjunction with ground-based observatories, including Arecibo and Greenbank. The primary targets are extragalactic. Characteristics of near-Earth and interplanetary plasma will also be studied. Wavelengths used are 1.35-6.0, 18.0 and 92.0 cm. PHYSICAL DATA: Mass : 3295 kg Diameter: 10 m SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY: Perigee: ~ 10,000 km Apogee : ~390,000 km TRAJECTORY: The IKI (Russian Space Research Institute) provided an official trajectory for Nov 1-16 (2011). TLEs are used for other times, and are low-precision, especially during the following intervals which are extrapolations over data gaps: 2011: 2012: 2013: Jul 22 - Aug 04 Feb 26 - Apr 24 Jan 16 - Jun 02 Aug 12 - Oct 04 May 11 - May 29 Jul 04 - Jul 14 Dec 09 - Feb 17 (2012) Jun 12 - Aug 30 Oct 16 - Nov 02 Sep 08 - Jan 08 (2013) Dec 24 - Jan 10 Jan 19 - Feb 22 May 09 - May 27 Trajectory name Start Stop ------------------------------ ----------------- ----------------- TLEs 2011-Jun-18 06:09 2011-Nov-01 11:01 spectr_111101_111116_111102 2011-Nov-01 11:01 2011-Nov-16 01:07 TLEs 2011-Nov-16 01:07 Current ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Thu Dec 12 03:09:47 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Spektr-R Observatory (spacecraft) (-557) {source: spektr-r_MERGED} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: VdS Remote Observatory, Hakos ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Nov-30 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 16.3613, -23.2365766, 1.8515 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 16.3613,5865.52307,-2501.54567 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.241211.p250309 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-DEC-11. PREDICTS-> 2025-MAR-08 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE 2024-Nov-30 00:00 09 03 46.14 +49 24 06.9 30.395797 4.631694 n.a. n.a. 0.987397246311 -0.2829292 0.00223472987851 0.1011789 119.2569 /L 60.6300 109.4/ 1.5713 n.a. n.a. 4.3962602 198.32357 40.432017 2024-Nov-30 00:10 09 03 44.47 +49 23 23.4 29.229605 5.788821 n.a. n.a. 0.987396116087 -0.2838072 0.00223516164402 0.1070607 119.2672 /L 60.6196 109.5/ 1.5488 n.a. n.a. 4.8996933 202.89662 38.964845 2024-Nov-30 00:20 09 03 42.28 +49 22 36.3 28.019921 6.906122 n.a. n.a. 0.987394982333 -0.2846837 0.00223561779233 0.1133525 119.2790 /L 60.6079 109.6/ 1.5266 n.a. n.a. 5.4343040 206.32348 37.664521 2024-Nov-30 00:30 09 03 39.59 +49 21 45.7 26.767064 7.981528 n.a. n.a. 0.987393845057 -0.2855589 0.00223609993968 0.1200401 119.2921 /L 60.5947 109.7/ 1.5048 n.a. n.a. 5.9884269 208.87116 36.562061 2024-Nov-30 00:40 09 03 36.42 +49 20 51.2 25.471479 9.012950 n.a. n.a. 0.987392704263 -0.2864326 0.00223660964327 0.1271083 119.3065 /L 60.5803 109.8/ 1.4834 n.a. n.a. 6.5539365 210.74396 35.654997 2024-Nov-30 00:50 09 03 32.79 +49 19 52.7 24.133766 9.998284 n.a. n.a. 0.987391559957 -0.2873050 0.00223714839790 0.1345412 119.3222 /L 60.5646 109.9/ 1.4623 n.a. n.a. 7.1250870 212.09394 34.926416 2024-Nov-30 01:00 09 03 28.73 +49 18 50.1 22.754697 10.935423 n.a. n.a. 0.987390412146 -0.2881760 0.00223771763299 0.1423221 119.3391 /L 60.5477 110.0/ 1.4416 n.a. n.a. 7.6977295 213.03364 34.354710 2024-Nov-30 01:10 09 03 24.26 +49 17 43.2 21.335234 11.822269 n.a. n.a. 0.987389260835 -0.2890456 0.00223831870930 0.1504335 119.3571 /L 60.5298 110.1/ 1.4213 n.a. n.a. 8.2688006 213.64674 33.918137 2024-Nov-30 01:20 09 03 19.42 +49 16 32.0 19.876545 12.656747 n.a. n.a. 0.987388106029 -0.2899139 0.00223895291625 0.1588572 119.3761 /L 60.5107 110.2/ 1.4014 n.a. n.a. 8.8359886 213.99604 33.596731 2024-Nov-30 01:30 09 03 14.23 +49 15 16.3 18.380025 13.436815 n.a. n.a. 0.987386947735 -0.2907808 0.00223962146893 0.1675744 119.3960 /L 60.4908 110.3/ 1.3819 n.a. n.a. 9.3975158 214.12923 33.372921 2024-Nov-30 01:40 09 03 08.72 +49 13 56.0 16.847304 14.160485 n.a. n.a. 0.987385785958 -0.2916464 0.00224032550563 0.1765657 119.4169 /L 60.4699 110.4/ 1.3628 n.a. n.a. 9.9519924 214.08297 33.231565 2024-Nov-30 01:50 09 03 02.91 +49 12 31.0 15.280256 14.825836 n.a. n.a. 0.987384620703 -0.2925107 0.00224106608526 0.1858108 119.4386 /L 60.4482 110.5/ 1.3441 n.a. n.a. 10.498319 213.88579 33.159737 2024-Nov-30 02:00 09 02 56.85 +49 11 01.3 13.681007 15.431036 n.a. n.a. 0.987383451976 -0.2933736 0.00224184418504 0.1952893 119.4610 /L 60.4257 110.6/ 1.3258 n.a. n.a. 11.035618 213.56014 33.146444 2024-Nov-30 02:10 09 02 50.55 +49 09 26.6 12.051936 15.974354 n.a. n.a. 0.987382279782 -0.2942353 0.00224266069835 0.2049799 119.4841 /L 60.4026 110.7/ 1.3079 n.a. n.a. 11.563188 213.12393 33.182327 2024-Nov-30 02:20 09 02 44.04 +49 07 47.1 10.395668 16.454183 n.a. n.a. 0.987381104128 -0.2950956 0.00224351643271 0.2148609 119.5078 /L 60.3790 110.8/ 1.2904 n.a. n.a. 12.080469 212.59154 33.259401 2024-Nov-30 02:30 09 02 37.37 +49 06 02.6 8.715065 16.869058 n.a. n.a. 0.987379925017 -0.2959547 0.00224441210798 0.2249104 119.5319 /L 60.3548 111.0/ 1.2733 n.a. n.a. 12.587016 211.97471 33.370821 2024-Nov-30 02:40 A 09 02 30.55 +49 04 13.1 7.013215 17.217668 n.a. n.a. 0.987378742457 -0.2968124 0.00224534835472 0.2351058 119.5565 /L 60.3302 111.1/ 1.2566 n.a. n.a. 13.082486 211.28303 33.510692 2024-Nov-30 02:50 A 09 02 23.63 +49 02 18.5 5.293405 17.498879 n.a. n.a. 0.987377556451 -0.2976690 0.00224632571268 0.2454244 119.5813 /L 60.3053 111.2/ 1.2404 n.a. n.a. 13.566620 210.52450 33.673907 2024-Nov-30 03:00 Am 09 02 16.63 +49 00 18.9 3.559098 17.711745 n.a. n.a. 0.987376367006 -0.2985242 0.00224734462966 0.2558430 119.6065 /L 60.2802 111.3/ 1.2245 n.a. n.a. 14.039235 209.70577 33.856015 2024-Nov-30 03:10 Nm 09 02 09.58 +48 58 14.1 1.813901 17.855520 n.a. n.a. 0.987375174126 -0.2993782 0.00224840546029 0.2663383 119.6317 /L 60.2549 111.4/ 1.2090 n.a. n.a. 14.500213 208.83250 34.053112 2024-Nov-30 03:20 Nm 09 02 02.52 +48 56 04.3 0.061532 17.929667 n.a. n.a. 0.987373977817 -0.3002310 0.00224950846526 0.2768869 119.6571 /L 60.2295 111.5/ 1.1940 n.a. n.a. 14.949499 207.90947 34.261756 2024-Nov-30 03:30 Nt 09 01 55.47 +48 53 49.5 358.305777 17.933870 n.a. n.a. 0.987372778084 -0.3010825 0.00225065381056 0.2874650 119.6824 /L 60.2042 111.6/ 1.1793 n.a. n.a. 15.387091 206.94082 34.478888 2024-Nov-30 03:40 Cm 09 01 48.48 +48 51 29.5 356.550454 17.868031 n.a. n.a. 0.987371574932 -0.3019328 0.00225184156713 0.2980488 119.7076 /L 60.1789 111.7/ 1.1650 n.a. n.a. 15.813036 205.93012 34.701781 2024-Nov-30 03:50 Cm 09 01 41.56 +48 49 04.6 354.799368 17.732278 n.a. n.a. 0.987370368367 -0.3027819 0.00225307171045 0.3086146 119.7326 /L 60.1539 111.8/ 1.1511 n.a. n.a. 16.227430 204.88052 34.927983 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Nov-30 23:20 09 22 06.26 +44 17 08.8 40.244541 0.647425 n.a. n.a. 0.987206771947 -0.3958755 0.00235188357934 -0.1912555 116.7258 /L 63.1522 115.7/ 0.1885 n.a. n.a. 3.2538614 168.37830 -64.18762 2024-Nov-30 23:30 09 22 06.58 +44 16 35.8 39.220567 2.124414 n.a. n.a. 0.987205189727 -0.3966335 0.00235113541336 -0.1870413 116.7302 /L 63.1479 115.8/ 0.1830 n.a. n.a. 3.3984741 178.82524 -62.68819 2024-Nov-30 23:40 09 22 06.36 +44 16 00.7 38.149396 3.570674 n.a. n.a. 0.987203604488 -0.3973910 0.00235040517647 -0.1823065 116.7361 /L 63.1421 115.9/ 0.1777 n.a. n.a. 3.6608481 187.89717 -60.29364 2024-Nov-30 23:50 09 22 05.62 +44 15 23.1 37.030472 4.984181 n.a. n.a. 0.987202016235 -0.3981482 0.00234969493599 -0.1770617 116.7435 /L 63.1347 116.1/ 0.1726 n.a. n.a. 4.0147035 195.32903 -57.21750 2024-Dec-01 00:00 09 22 04.37 +44 14 43.0 35.863264 6.362834 n.a. n.a. 0.987200424969 -0.3989049 0.00234900671383 -0.1713187 116.7523 /L 63.1259 116.2/ 0.1679 n.a. n.a. 4.4348852 201.20651 -53.68185 $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************