API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Dec 09, 2024 James Webb Space Telescope / (E-S L2) -170 https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/index.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTxLAGchWnA The James Webb Space Telescope ("JWST" or "Webb") is a space-based infrared observatory and NASA's successor to the Hubble Space Telescope. Launched by Ariane 5 booster on 2021-Dec-25 @ 12:20 UTC from the ELA-3 launch complex near Korou, French Guiana. After launch, the telescope will deploy during its 30-day, 1.5 million km journey to halo orbit at the second Earth-Sun Lagrange point (E-S L2). Mission duration is nominally 5-10 years. GOALS - Search for the first galaxies or luminous objects formed after the Big Bang - Determine how galaxies evolved from their formation until now - Observe the formation of stars from the first stages to the formation of planetary systems - Measure the physical and chemical properties of planetary systems, including our own Solar System, investigating the potential for life in those systems. TELESCOPE * total launch mass : ~6200 kg (observatory, fuel, launch adaptor) * primary mirror : 25 m^2 mass : 705 kg material : beryllium coated w/48.25 grams gold (golf-ball size) segment mass : 20.1 kg, 39.48 kg for entire segment assembly No. of segments : 18 * focal length : 131.4 meters * optical resolution: 0.1 arcseconds * wavelength : 0.6 - 28.5 microns * size of sun shield: 21.197 m x 14.162 m * Sun shield layers : 1: Max temp 283K, 231 deg. F. 5: Max temp 221K, -80 F Min temp 36K, -394 F * Operating temp : < 50K (-370 deg. F) INSTRUMENTS - Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) - Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) - Mid Infrared Instrument (MIRI) - Fine Guidance Sensors/Near Infrared Imager & Slitless Spectrograph (FGS/NIRISS) TRAJECTORY MCC1A (65-minute engine burn) began 2021-Dec-26 12:50 UTC, completed 01:55 UTC. MCC1B (09:27 engine burn) began 2021-Dec-28 00:20 UTC, completed 00:29:27 UTC. MCC2 (04:57 engine burn) began 2022-Jan-24 19:00 UTC, completed 19:04:57 UTC. Concatenation of reconstructed trajectory solutions (as-flown) from Goddard Flight Dynamics Facility (FDF), based on tracking data through December 08, with prediction thereafter. Trajectory files Start (TDB) End (TDB) ---------------------------------------- ----------------- ----------------- DEFINITIVE_EPHEMERIS_202135913-2024336 2021-Dec-25 13:01 2024-Dec-09 00:01 28D_BURN_PREDICT_SK_2024344000000_06U 2024-Dec-09 00:01 2025-Jan-06 00:01 5Y_SCHEDULE_2024344000000_06U.V0.1 2025-Jan-06 00:01 2029-Dec-08 23:59 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Thu Dec 12 02:47:39 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: James Webb Space Telescope (spacecraft) (-170) {source: JWST_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: iTelescope Obs.,Beryl Junc. (Sato) ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Nov-30 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 246.3025, 37.7377919, 1.56349 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 246.3025,5051.53114,3883.42609 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.241211.p250309 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-DEC-11. PREDICTS-> 2025-MAR-08 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Nov-30 02:00 05 46 27.45 +13 37 48.2 72.402513 -0.304503 n.a. n.a. 0.996721547589 -0.1972517 0.01117870925476 -0.3285062 159.0140 /L 20.7559 144.5/ 1.6263 n.a. n.a. 1.1571122 92.924688 -64.54631 2024-Nov-30 02:10 05 46 28.20 +13 37 47.7 73.928742 1.590488 n.a. n.a. 0.996720756520 -0.1972220 0.01117738608189 -0.3312149 159.0174 /L 20.7526 144.6/ 1.6073 n.a. n.a. 1.0394615 92.980025 -67.02119 2024-Nov-30 02:20 05 46 28.88 +13 37 47.2 75.438350 3.500267 n.a. n.a. 0.996719965570 -0.1971924 0.01117605339702 -0.3332488 159.0211 /L 20.7490 144.7/ 1.5881 n.a. n.a. 0.9210478 93.127433 -69.52471 2024-Nov-30 02:30 05 46 29.47 +13 37 46.7 76.934513 5.423372 n.a. n.a. 0.996719174739 -0.1971627 0.01117471391550 -0.3346037 159.0251 /L 20.7450 144.8/ 1.5687 n.a. n.a. 0.8021085 93.407735 -72.05710 2024-Nov-30 02:40 05 46 29.97 +13 37 46.3 78.420431 7.358395 n.a. n.a. 0.996718384027 -0.1971330 0.01117337036674 -0.3352767 159.0295 /L 20.7408 144.9/ 1.5493 n.a. n.a. 0.6828978 93.890216 -74.61821 2024-Nov-30 02:50 05 46 30.40 +13 37 45.8 79.899345 9.303972 n.a. n.a. 0.996717593433 -0.1971034 0.01117202548903 -0.3352662 159.0341 /L 20.7362 145.0/ 1.5298 n.a. n.a. 0.5637028 94.702309 -77.20704 2024-Nov-30 03:00 05 46 30.75 +13 37 45.4 81.374560 11.258770 n.a. n.a. 0.996716802959 -0.1970737 0.01117068202435 -0.3345721 159.0390 /L 20.7314 145.1/ 1.5102 n.a. n.a. 0.4448851 96.105870 -79.82080 2024-Nov-30 03:10 05 46 31.01 +13 37 44.9 82.849462 13.221482 n.a. n.a. 0.996716012604 -0.1970441 0.01116934271303 -0.3331953 159.0442 /L 20.7262 145.2/ 1.4905 n.a. n.a. 0.3270120 98.734164 -82.45174 2024-Nov-30 03:20 05 46 31.19 +13 37 44.4 84.327552 15.190810 n.a. n.a. 0.996715222367 -0.1970144 0.01116801028862 -0.3311383 159.0497 /L 20.7208 145.3/ 1.4707 n.a. n.a. 0.2114160 104.57902 -85.07385 2024-Nov-30 03:30 05 46 31.29 +13 37 43.8 85.812468 17.165460 n.a. n.a. 0.996714432250 -0.1969848 0.01116668747255 -0.3284046 159.0555 /L 20.7151 145.4/ 1.4509 n.a. n.a. 0.1043539 123.76177 -87.54399 2024-Nov-30 03:40 05 46 31.31 +13 37 43.2 87.308021 19.144128 n.a. n.a. 0.996713642251 -0.1969552 0.01116537696899 -0.3249993 159.0616 /L 20.7091 145.5/ 1.4311 n.a. n.a. 0.0707131 205.20602 -88.31796 2024-Nov-30 03:50 05 46 31.25 +13 37 42.5 88.818229 21.125486 n.a. n.a. 0.996712852371 -0.1969255 0.01116408145959 -0.3209285 159.0680 /L 20.7028 145.6/ 1.4112 n.a. n.a. 0.1622200 243.97964 -86.09774 2024-Nov-30 04:00 05 46 31.11 +13 37 41.8 90.347362 23.108172 n.a. n.a. 0.996712062610 -0.1968959 0.01116280359836 -0.3161999 159.0747 /L 20.6962 145.7/ 1.3913 n.a. n.a. 0.2719014 252.99170 -83.38161 2024-Nov-30 04:10 05 46 30.89 +13 37 40.9 91.899984 25.090771 n.a. n.a. 0.996711272968 -0.1968663 0.01116154600650 -0.3108222 159.0816 /L 20.6894 145.8/ 1.3714 n.a. n.a. 0.3830899 256.55497 -80.55891 2024-Nov-30 04:20 05 46 30.60 +13 37 40.0 93.481009 27.071801 n.a. n.a. 0.996710483444 -0.1968367 0.01116031126740 -0.3048056 159.0888 /L 20.6823 145.9/ 1.3516 n.a. n.a. 0.4934942 258.33677 -77.67943 2024-Nov-30 04:30 05 46 30.23 +13 37 38.9 95.095759 29.049695 n.a. n.a. 0.996709694040 -0.1968071 0.01115910192159 -0.2981612 159.0963 /L 20.6749 146.0/ 1.3317 n.a. n.a. 0.6023638 259.32436 -74.75673 2024-Nov-30 04:40 05 46 29.79 +13 37 37.7 96.750034 31.022775 n.a. n.a. 0.996708904754 -0.1967775 0.01115792046182 -0.2909017 159.1040 /L 20.6673 146.1/ 1.3119 n.a. n.a. 0.7092950 259.88909 -71.79650 2024-Nov-30 04:50 05 46 29.27 +13 37 36.4 98.450185 32.989232 n.a. n.a. 0.996708115587 -0.1967478 0.01115676932828 -0.2830407 159.1120 /L 20.6594 146.2/ 1.2922 n.a. n.a. 0.8139995 260.20095 -68.80198 2024-Nov-30 05:00 05 46 28.69 +13 37 34.9 100.203208 34.947096 n.a. n.a. 0.996707326539 -0.1967182 0.01115565090378 -0.2745931 159.1202 /L 20.6513 146.3/ 1.2725 n.a. n.a. 0.9162384 260.34842 -65.77563 2024-Nov-30 05:10 05 46 28.03 +13 37 33.3 102.016837 36.894200 n.a. n.a. 0.996706537609 -0.1966886 0.01115456750918 -0.2655749 159.1287 /L 20.6429 146.4/ 1.2528 n.a. n.a. 1.0157987 260.38198 -62.71964 2024-Nov-30 05:20 05 46 27.32 +13 37 31.5 103.899660 38.828146 n.a. n.a. 0.996705748798 -0.1966591 0.01115352139882 -0.2560033 159.1373 /L 20.6344 146.5/ 1.2333 n.a. n.a. 1.1124839 260.33235 -59.63619 2024-Nov-30 05:30 05 46 26.53 +13 37 29.5 105.861237 40.746251 n.a. n.a. 0.996704960106 -0.1966295 0.01115251475616 -0.2458965 159.1462 /L 20.6256 146.6/ 1.2139 n.a. n.a. 1.2061092 260.21922 -56.52758 2024-Nov-30 05:40 05 46 25.69 +13 37 27.3 107.912241 42.645502 n.a. n.a. 0.996704171533 -0.1965999 0.01115154968952 -0.2352737 159.1553 /L 20.6166 146.7/ 1.1946 n.a. n.a. 1.2965001 260.05572 -53.39627 2024-Nov-30 05:50 05 46 24.78 +13 37 24.9 110.064599 44.522483 n.a. n.a. 0.996703383078 -0.1965703 0.01115062822790 -0.2241552 159.1646 /L 20.6075 146.8/ 1.1754 n.a. n.a. 1.3834910 259.85079 -50.24488 2024-Nov-30 06:00 05 46 23.82 +13 37 22.3 112.331642 46.373304 n.a. n.a. 0.996702594742 -0.1965407 0.01114975231712 -0.2125622 159.1741 /L 20.5981 146.9/ 1.1563 n.a. n.a. 1.4669249 259.61071 -47.07624 2024-Nov-30 06:10 05 46 22.80 +13 37 19.6 114.728248 48.193514 n.a. n.a. 0.996701806525 -0.1965111 0.01114892381587 -0.2005170 159.1837 /L 20.5886 147.0/ 1.1374 n.a. n.a. 1.5466535 259.33989 -43.89338 2024-Nov-30 06:20 05 46 21.74 +13 37 16.5 117.270964 49.977994 n.a. n.a. 0.996701018427 -0.1964815 0.01114814449215 -0.1880425 159.1935 /L 20.5789 147.2/ 1.1186 n.a. n.a. 1.6225370 259.04144 -40.69945 2024-Nov-30 06:30 05 46 20.62 +13 37 13.3 119.978088 51.720841 n.a. n.a. 0.996700230447 -0.1964519 0.01114741601975 -0.1751628 159.2035 /L 20.5691 147.3/ 1.1000 n.a. n.a. 1.6944445 258.71756 -37.49779 2024-Nov-30 06:40 05 46 19.46 +13 37 09.8 122.869653 53.415237 n.a. n.a. 0.996699442586 -0.1964223 0.01114673997498 -0.1619024 159.2135 /L 20.5591 147.4/ 1.0816 n.a. n.a. 1.7622543 258.36970 -34.29182 2024-Nov-30 06:50 05 46 18.25 +13 37 06.1 125.967278 55.053305 n.a. n.a. 0.996698654843 -0.1963928 0.01114611783360 -0.1482868 159.2238 /L 20.5490 147.5/ 1.0634 n.a. n.a. 1.8258540 257.99880 -31.08507 2024-Nov-30 07:00 05 46 17.01 +13 37 02.1 129.293793 56.625962 n.a. n.a. 0.996697867220 -0.1963632 0.01114555096783 -0.1343422 159.2341 /L 20.5388 147.6/ 1.0454 n.a. n.a. 1.8851407 257.60535 -27.88110 2024-Nov-30 07:10 05 46 15.73 +13 36 57.9 132.872521 58.122778 n.a. n.a. 0.996697079714 -0.1963336 0.01114504064376 -0.1200954 159.2445 /L 20.5285 147.7/ 1.0276 n.a. n.a. 1.9400217 257.18948 -24.68351 2024-Nov-30 07:20 05 46 14.42 +13 36 53.4 136.726099 59.531873 n.a. n.a. 0.996696292328 -0.1963040 0.01114458801874 -0.1055738 159.2550 /L 20.5181 147.8/ 1.0100 n.a. n.a. 1.9904142 256.75104 -21.49585 2024-Nov-30 07:30 05 46 13.08 +13 36 48.7 140.874681 60.839879 n.a. n.a. 0.996695505060 -0.1962745 0.01114419413918 -0.0908052 159.2656 /L 20.5077 147.9/ 0.9926 n.a. n.a. 2.0362464 256.28958 -18.32165 2024-Nov-30 07:40 05 46 11.71 +13 36 43.7 145.333423 62.032012 n.a. n.a. 0.996694717911 -0.1962449 0.01114385993842 -0.0758182 159.2762 /L 20.4971 148.0/ 0.9755 n.a. n.a. 2.0774571 255.80443 -15.16433 2024-Nov-30 07:50 05 46 10.32 +13 36 38.4 150.109230 63.092331 n.a. n.a. 0.996693930880 -0.1962154 0.01114358623494 -0.0606416 159.2869 /L 20.4866 148.1/ 0.9586 n.a. n.a. 2.1139965 255.29466 -12.02721 2024-Nov-30 08:00 05 46 08.90 +13 36 32.9 155.196993 64.004229 n.a. n.a. 0.996693143968 -0.1961858 0.01114337373068 -0.0453046 159.2977 /L 20.4760 148.2/ 0.9420 n.a. n.a. 2.1458263 254.75914 -8.913449 2024-Nov-30 08:10 05 46 07.48 +13 36 27.0 160.575832 64.751219 n.a. n.a. 0.996692357175 -0.1961563 0.01114322300971 -0.0298368 159.3084 /L 20.4653 148.3/ 0.9256 n.a. n.a. 2.1729201 254.19651 -5.826082 2024-Nov-30 08:20 05 46 06.04 +13 36 20.9 166.206276 65.317998 n.a. n.a. 0.996691570500 -0.1961267 0.01114313453702 -0.0142680 159.3192 /L 20.4547 148.4/ 0.9095 n.a. n.a. 2.1952640 253.60516 -2.767952 2024-Nov-30 08:30 05 46 04.59 +13 36 14.5 172.029523 65.691713 n.a. n.a. 0.996690783943 -0.1960972 0.01114310865766 0.0013719 159.3299 /L 20.4440 148.5/ 0.8936 n.a. n.a. 2.2128564 252.98325 0.2582749 2024-Nov-30 08:40 05 46 03.14 +13 36 07.9 177.969781 65.863231 n.a. n.a. 0.996689997505 -0.1960677 0.01114314559597 0.0170526 159.3406 /L 20.4334 148.6/ 0.8781 n.a. n.a. 2.2257092 252.32867 3.2501124 2024-Nov-30 08:50 t 05 46 01.69 +13 36 00.9 183.939988 65.828170 n.a. n.a. 0.996689211186 -0.1960381 0.01114324545524 0.0327439 159.3513 /L 20.4228 148.7/ 0.8628 n.a. n.a. 2.2338477 251.63904 6.2052549 2024-Nov-30 09:00 05 46 00.24 +13 35 53.7 189.850075 65.587424 n.a. n.a. 0.996688424984 -0.1960086 0.01114340821741 0.0484156 159.3620 /L 20.4123 148.8/ 0.8477 n.a. n.a. 2.2373111 250.91167 9.1215673 2024-Nov-30 09:10 05 45 58.79 +13 35 46.2 195.615951 65.147056 n.a. n.a. 0.996687638902 -0.1959791 0.01114363374314 0.0640375 159.3726 /L 20.4018 148.9/ 0.8330 n.a. n.a. 2.2361534 250.14351 11.997071 2024-Nov-30 09:20 05 45 57.35 +13 35 38.4 201.167074 64.517578 n.a. n.a. 0.996686852938 -0.1959496 0.01114392177210 0.0795794 159.3831 /L 20.3914 149.0/ 0.8186 n.a. n.a. 2.2304437 249.33116 14.829926 2024-Nov-30 09:30 05 45 55.93 +13 35 30.3 206.451064 63.712808 n.a. n.a. 0.996686067092 -0.1959200 0.01114427192347 0.0950114 159.3935 /L 20.3811 149.1/ 0.8045 n.a. n.a. 2.2202672 248.47077 17.618405 2024-Nov-30 09:40 05 45 54.53 +13 35 22.0 211.434926 62.748576 n.a. n.a. 0.996685281365 -0.1958905 0.01114468369668 0.1103037 159.4038 /L 20.3709 149.2/ 0.7906 n.a. n.a. 2.2057255 247.55804 20.360866 2024-Nov-30 09:50 05 45 53.14 +13 35 13.4 216.103478 61.641508 n.a. n.a. 0.996684495756 -0.1958610 0.01114515647239 0.1254269 159.4141 /L 20.3607 149.3/ 0.7771 n.a. n.a. 2.1869384 246.58814 23.055720 2024-Nov-30 10:00 05 45 51.78 +13 35 04.5 220.456094 60.408056 n.a. n.a. 0.996683710265 -0.1958315 0.01114568951376 0.1403518 159.4242 /L 20.3507 149.4/ 0.7639 n.a. n.a. 2.1640442 245.55561 25.701392 2024-Nov-30 10:10 05 45 50.44 +13 34 55.4 224.502864 59.063807 n.a. n.a. 0.996682924893 -0.1958020 0.01114628196785 0.1550498 159.4341 /L 20.3409 149.5/ 0.7510 n.a. n.a. 2.1372014 244.45435 28.296280 2024-Nov-30 10:20 05 45 49.14 +13 34 46.0 228.260954 57.623084 n.a. n.a. 0.996682139639 -0.1957725 0.01114693286735 0.1694924 159.4439 /L 20.3311 149.6/ 0.7383 n.a. n.a. 2.1065903 243.27749 30.838707 2024-Nov-30 10:30 05 45 47.86 +13 34 36.3 231.751600 56.098751 n.a. n.a. 0.996681354504 -0.1957430 0.01114764113245 0.1836519 159.4536 /L 20.3216 149.7/ 0.7260 n.a. n.a. 2.0724147 242.01730 33.326869 2024-Nov-30 10:40 05 45 46.63 +13 34 26.4 234.997835 54.502189 n.a. n.a. 0.996680569486 -0.1957136 0.01114840557297 0.1975012 159.4631 /L 20.3122 149.8/ 0.7140 n.a. n.a. 2.0349042 240.66511 35.758779 2024-Nov-30 10:50 05 45 45.44 +13 34 16.3 238.022922 52.843356 n.a. n.a. 0.996679784588 -0.1956841 0.01114922489076 0.2110134 159.4724 /L 20.3030 149.9/ 0.7023 n.a. n.a. 1.9943167 239.21117 38.132198 2024-Nov-30 11:00 05 45 44.28 +13 34 05.9 240.849342 51.130911 n.a. n.a. 0.996678999807 -0.1956546 0.01115009768218 0.2241628 159.4815 /L 20.2939 150.0/ 0.6910 n.a. n.a. 1.9509414 237.64457 40.444563 2024-Nov-30 11:10 05 45 43.18 +13 33 55.3 243.498208 49.372355 n.a. n.a. 0.996678215144 -0.1956251 0.01115102244093 0.2369241 159.4904 /L 20.2851 150.1/ 0.6799 n.a. n.a. 1.9051027 235.95312 42.692911 2024-Nov-30 11:20 05 45 42.12 +13 33 44.5 245.988977 47.574180 n.a. n.a. 0.996677430600 -0.1955956 0.01115199756095 0.2492727 159.4991 /L 20.2765 150.1/ 0.6691 n.a. n.a. 1.8571639 234.12327 44.873784 2024-Nov-30 11:30 05 45 41.12 +13 33 33.5 248.339349 45.742007 n.a. n.a. 0.996676646174 -0.1955662 0.01115302133964 0.2611850 159.5076 /L 20.2681 150.2/ 0.6586 n.a. n.a. 1.8075323 232.14006 46.983130 2024-Nov-30 11:40 05 45 40.17 +13 33 22.3 250.565299 43.880717 n.a. n.a. 0.996675861867 -0.1955367 0.01115409198116 0.2726382 159.5158 /L 20.2599 150.3/ 0.6484 n.a. n.a. 1.7566642 229.98712 49.016200 2024-Nov-30 11:50 05 45 39.28 +13 33 10.9 252.681166 41.994558 n.a. n.a. 0.996675077677 -0.1955072 0.01115520759996 0.2836105 159.5238 /L 20.2519 150.4/ 0.6386 n.a. n.a. 1.7050710 227.64678 50.967432 2024-Nov-30 12:00 05 45 38.45 +13 32 59.2 254.699791 40.087249 n.a. n.a. 0.996674293606 -0.1954778 0.01115636622450 0.2940807 159.5316 /L 20.2442 150.5/ 0.6290 n.a. n.a. 1.6533251 225.10036 52.830336 2024-Nov-30 12:10 05 45 37.68 +13 32 47.5 256.632660 38.162059 n.a. n.a. 0.996673509653 -0.1954483 0.01115756580108 0.3040289 159.5391 /L 20.2368 150.5/ 0.6197 n.a. n.a. 1.6020652 222.32867 54.597391 2024-Nov-30 12:20 05 45 36.97 +13 32 35.5 258.490055 36.221882 n.a. n.a. 0.996672725818 -0.1954189 0.01115880419785 0.3134362 159.5464 /L 20.2296 150.6/ 0.6106 n.a. n.a. 1.5520015 219.31280 56.259963 2024-Nov-30 12:30 05 45 36.33 +13 32 23.4 260.281193 34.269294 n.a. n.a. 0.996671942101 -0.1953894 0.01116007920904 0.3222847 159.5533 /L 20.2227 150.7/ 0.6019 n.a. n.a. 1.5039175 216.03538 57.808269 2024-Nov-30 12:40 05 45 35.76 +13 32 11.1 262.014360 32.306610 n.a. n.a. 0.996671158502 -0.1953600 0.01116138855916 0.3305575 159.5601 /L 20.2160 150.7/ 0.5935 n.a. n.a. 1.4586680 212.48229 59.231419 2024-Nov-30 12:50 05 45 35.27 +13 31 58.8 263.697029 30.335922 n.a. n.a. 0.996670375021 -0.1953306 0.01116272990752 0.3382389 159.5665 /L 20.2096 150.8/ 0.5853 n.a. n.a. 1.4171710 208.64493 60.517574 2024-Nov-30 13:00 A 05 45 34.84 +13 31 46.2 265.335965 28.359140 n.a. n.a. 0.996669591659 -0.1953011 0.01116410085277 0.3453143 159.5726 /L 20.2035 150.9/ 0.5774 n.a. n.a. 1.3803900 204.52296 61.654266 2024-Nov-30 13:10 A 05 45 34.48 +13 31 33.6 266.937327 26.378021 n.a. n.a. 0.996668808414 -0.1952717 0.01116549893755 0.3517705 159.5785 /L 20.1977 150.9/ 0.5697 n.a. n.a. 1.3493056 200.12717 62.628914 2024-Nov-30 13:20 A 05 45 34.21 +13 31 20.9 268.506743 24.394199 n.a. n.a. 0.996668025288 -0.1952423 0.01116692165323 0.3575952 159.5840 /L 20.1921 151.0/ 0.5623 n.a. n.a. 1.3248735 195.48210 63.429545 2024-Nov-30 13:30 N 05 45 34.00 +13 31 08.1 270.049389 22.409208 n.a. n.a. 0.996667242279 -0.1952128 0.01116836644484 0.3627775 159.5893 /L 20.1869 151.1/ 0.5552 n.a. n.a. 1.3079719 190.62763 64.045697 2024-Nov-30 13:40 N 05 45 33.88 +13 30 55.2 271.570057 20.424499 n.a. n.a. 0.996666459389 -0.1951834 0.01116983071599 0.3673076 159.5943 /L 20.1820 151.1/ 0.5483 n.a. n.a. 1.2993422 185.61870 64.469400 2024-Nov-30 13:50 N 05 45 33.83 +13 30 42.2 273.073204 18.441464 n.a. n.a. 0.996665676617 -0.1951540 0.01117131183389 0.3711772 159.5990 /L 20.1773 151.2/ 0.5416 n.a. n.a. 1.2995315 180.52276 64.696082 2024-Nov-30 14:00 N 05 45 33.87 +13 30 29.2 274.563011 16.461448 n.a. n.a. 0.996664893962 -0.1951246 0.01117280713437 0.3743790 159.6033 /L 20.1729 151.2/ 0.5352 n.a. n.a. 1.3088474 175.41481 64.725213 2024-Nov-30 14:10 Cm 05 45 33.98 +13 30 16.1 276.043423 14.485764 n.a. n.a. 0.996664111426 -0.1950952 0.01117431392717 0.3769072 159.6074 /L 20.1689 151.3/ 0.5289 n.a. n.a. 1.3273345 170.37093 64.560545 2024-Nov-30 14:20 Cm 05 45 34.18 +13 30 03.0 277.518189 12.515706 n.a. n.a. 0.996663329007 -0.1950658 0.01117582950096 0.3787572 159.6112 /L 20.1651 151.4/ 0.5230 n.a. n.a. 1.3547790 165.46154 64.209863 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************