API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Dec 09, 2024 James Webb Space Telescope / (E-S L2) -170 https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/index.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTxLAGchWnA The James Webb Space Telescope ("JWST" or "Webb") is a space-based infrared observatory and NASA's successor to the Hubble Space Telescope. Launched by Ariane 5 booster on 2021-Dec-25 @ 12:20 UTC from the ELA-3 launch complex near Korou, French Guiana. After launch, the telescope will deploy during its 30-day, 1.5 million km journey to halo orbit at the second Earth-Sun Lagrange point (E-S L2). Mission duration is nominally 5-10 years. GOALS - Search for the first galaxies or luminous objects formed after the Big Bang - Determine how galaxies evolved from their formation until now - Observe the formation of stars from the first stages to the formation of planetary systems - Measure the physical and chemical properties of planetary systems, including our own Solar System, investigating the potential for life in those systems. TELESCOPE * total launch mass : ~6200 kg (observatory, fuel, launch adaptor) * primary mirror : 25 m^2 mass : 705 kg material : beryllium coated w/48.25 grams gold (golf-ball size) segment mass : 20.1 kg, 39.48 kg for entire segment assembly No. of segments : 18 * focal length : 131.4 meters * optical resolution: 0.1 arcseconds * wavelength : 0.6 - 28.5 microns * size of sun shield: 21.197 m x 14.162 m * Sun shield layers : 1: Max temp 283K, 231 deg. F. 5: Max temp 221K, -80 F Min temp 36K, -394 F * Operating temp : < 50K (-370 deg. F) INSTRUMENTS - Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) - Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) - Mid Infrared Instrument (MIRI) - Fine Guidance Sensors/Near Infrared Imager & Slitless Spectrograph (FGS/NIRISS) TRAJECTORY MCC1A (65-minute engine burn) began 2021-Dec-26 12:50 UTC, completed 01:55 UTC. MCC1B (09:27 engine burn) began 2021-Dec-28 00:20 UTC, completed 00:29:27 UTC. MCC2 (04:57 engine burn) began 2022-Jan-24 19:00 UTC, completed 19:04:57 UTC. Concatenation of reconstructed trajectory solutions (as-flown) from Goddard Flight Dynamics Facility (FDF), based on tracking data through December 08, with prediction thereafter. Trajectory files Start (TDB) End (TDB) ---------------------------------------- ----------------- ----------------- DEFINITIVE_EPHEMERIS_202135913-2024336 2021-Dec-25 13:01 2024-Dec-09 00:01 28D_BURN_PREDICT_SK_2024344000000_06U 2024-Dec-09 00:01 2025-Jan-06 00:01 5Y_SCHEDULE_2024344000000_06U.V0.1 2025-Jan-06 00:01 2029-Dec-08 23:59 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Thu Dec 12 02:25:43 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: James Webb Space Telescope (spacecraft) (-170) {source: JWST_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: El Berrueco ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Nov-30 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 356.4134, 40.8833094, 1.06361 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 356.4134,4829.88693,4153.33056 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.241211.p250309 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-DEC-11. PREDICTS-> 2025-MAR-08 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE 2024-Nov-30 00:00 05 45 55.00 +13 41 17.7 139.876988 57.188215 n.a. n.a. 0.996731049672 -0.1976081 0.01114158995228 -0.1005686 159.0852 /L 20.6863 144.6/ 1.6352 n.a. n.a. 1.8689511 255.40364 -21.78377 2024-Nov-30 00:10 05 45 53.74 +13 41 12.8 143.893325 58.359599 n.a. n.a. 0.996730257174 -0.1975784 0.01114121481575 -0.0864653 159.0954 /L 20.6761 144.7/ 1.6129 n.a. n.a. 1.9133766 254.96338 -18.55419 2024-Nov-30 00:20 05 45 52.46 +13 41 07.7 148.149174 59.420131 n.a. n.a. 0.996729464795 -0.1975486 0.01114089667262 -0.0721520 159.1058 /L 20.6659 144.8/ 1.5909 n.a. n.a. 1.9534107 254.49524 -15.34268 2024-Nov-30 00:30 05 45 51.16 +13 41 02.3 152.642848 60.357383 n.a. n.a. 0.996728672536 -0.1975189 0.01114063630975 -0.0576563 159.1162 /L 20.6556 144.9/ 1.5691 n.a. n.a. 1.9890068 253.99866 -12.15301 2024-Nov-30 00:40 05 45 49.84 +13 40 56.6 157.364011 61.158869 n.a. n.a. 0.996727880396 -0.1974892 0.01114043440274 -0.0430062 159.1266 /L 20.6452 145.0/ 1.5475 n.a. n.a. 2.0201292 253.47277 -8.988775 2024-Nov-30 00:50 05 45 48.51 +13 40 50.7 162.292036 61.812614 n.a. n.a. 0.996727088375 -0.1974595 0.01114029151463 -0.0282298 159.1371 /L 20.6349 145.1/ 1.5263 n.a. n.a. 2.0467539 252.91644 -5.853376 2024-Nov-30 01:00 05 45 47.16 +13 40 44.5 167.395098 62.307836 n.a. n.a. 0.996726296473 -0.1974298 0.01114020809477 -0.0133556 159.1476 /L 20.6245 145.3/ 1.5053 n.a. n.a. 2.0688688 252.32824 -2.750008 2024-Nov-30 01:10 05 45 45.80 +13 40 38.0 172.630441 62.635687 n.a. n.a. 0.996725504691 -0.1974001 0.01114018447794 0.0015877 159.1580 /L 20.6142 145.4/ 1.4846 n.a. n.a. 2.0864739 251.70646 0.3183569 2024-Nov-30 01:20 05 45 44.44 +13 40 31.3 177.946114 62.789958 n.a. n.a. 0.996724713027 -0.1973704 0.01114022088368 0.0165713 159.1685 /L 20.6039 145.5/ 1.4642 n.a. n.a. 2.0995824 251.04908 3.3489693 2024-Nov-30 01:30 t 05 45 43.08 +13 40 24.3 183.284180 62.767620 n.a. n.a. 0.996723921483 -0.1973408 0.01114031741585 0.0315664 159.1789 /L 20.5935 145.6/ 1.4441 n.a. n.a. 2.1082204 250.35379 6.3393014 2024-Nov-30 01:40 05 45 41.72 +13 40 17.0 188.584976 62.569106 n.a. n.a. 0.996723130058 -0.1973111 0.01114047406244 0.0465440 159.1893 /L 20.5833 145.7/ 1.4243 n.a. n.a. 2.1124280 249.61792 9.2870355 2024-Nov-30 01:50 05 45 40.37 +13 40 09.5 193.791691 62.198271 n.a. n.a. 0.996722338752 -0.1972814 0.01114069069556 0.0614753 159.1996 /L 20.5731 145.8/ 1.4048 n.a. n.a. 2.1122593 248.83846 12.190047 2024-Nov-30 02:00 05 45 39.02 +13 40 01.7 198.854429 61.662035 n.a. n.a. 0.996721547564 -0.1972517 0.01114096707173 0.0763316 159.2098 /L 20.5629 145.9/ 1.3856 n.a. n.a. 2.1077835 248.01197 15.046383 2024-Nov-30 02:10 05 45 37.69 +13 39 53.6 203.733064 60.969792 n.a. n.a. 0.996720756496 -0.1972220 0.01114130283234 0.0910841 159.2200 /L 20.5529 146.0/ 1.3668 n.a. n.a. 2.0990855 247.13460 17.854233 2024-Nov-30 02:20 05 45 36.37 +13 39 45.3 208.398599 60.132685 n.a. n.a. 0.996719965547 -0.1971924 0.01114169750434 0.1057045 159.2301 /L 20.5429 146.1/ 1.3483 n.a. n.a. 2.0862666 246.20199 20.611895 2024-Nov-30 02:30 05 45 35.08 +13 39 36.7 212.833102 59.162870 n.a. n.a. 0.996719174717 -0.1971627 0.01114215050120 0.1201646 159.2400 /L 20.5330 146.2/ 1.3301 n.a. n.a. 2.0694456 245.20923 23.317739 2024-Nov-30 02:40 05 45 33.80 +13 39 27.8 217.028573 58.072860 n.a. n.a. 0.996718384006 -0.1971330 0.01114266112404 0.1344365 159.2499 /L 20.5233 146.2/ 1.3122 n.a. n.a. 2.0487600 244.15082 25.970166 2024-Nov-30 02:50 05 45 32.55 +13 39 18.7 220.985188 56.874997 n.a. n.a. 0.996717593414 -0.1971034 0.01114322856307 0.1484928 159.2596 /L 20.5136 146.3/ 1.2947 n.a. n.a. 2.0243670 243.02057 28.567556 2024-Nov-30 03:00 05 45 31.33 +13 39 09.4 224.709357 55.581069 n.a. n.a. 0.996716802941 -0.1970737 0.01114385189907 0.1623064 159.2692 /L 20.5041 146.4/ 1.2775 n.a. n.a. 1.9964455 241.81152 31.108221 2024-Nov-30 03:10 05 45 30.14 +13 38 59.8 228.211861 54.202070 n.a. n.a. 0.996716012587 -0.1970441 0.01114453010531 0.1758508 159.2786 /L 20.4948 146.5/ 1.2607 n.a. n.a. 1.9651978 240.51589 33.590347 2024-Nov-30 03:20 05 45 28.99 +13 38 49.9 231.506261 52.748073 n.a. n.a. 0.996715222352 -0.1970144 0.01114526204953 0.1890999 159.2879 /L 20.4856 146.6/ 1.2442 n.a. n.a. 1.9308516 239.12495 36.011930 2024-Nov-30 03:30 05 45 27.87 +13 38 39.9 234.607627 51.228182 n.a. n.a. 0.996714432236 -0.1969848 0.01114604649614 0.2020282 159.2970 /L 20.4766 146.7/ 1.2280 n.a. n.a. 1.8936626 237.62894 38.370710 2024-Nov-30 03:40 05 45 26.80 +13 38 29.6 237.531597 49.650555 n.a. n.a. 0.996713642239 -0.1969552 0.01114688210871 0.2146110 159.3059 /L 20.4678 146.8/ 1.2122 n.a. n.a. 1.8539176 236.01700 40.664096 2024-Nov-30 03:50 05 45 25.77 +13 38 19.1 240.293709 48.022453 n.a. n.a. 0.996712852360 -0.1969255 0.01114776745255 0.2268240 159.3146 /L 20.4591 146.9/ 1.1967 n.a. n.a. 1.8119378 234.27707 42.889081 2024-Nov-30 04:00 05 45 24.78 +13 38 08.4 242.908967 46.350314 n.a. n.a. 0.996712062601 -0.1968959 0.01114870099755 0.2386438 159.3231 /L 20.4507 147.0/ 1.1816 n.a. n.a. 1.7680828 232.39585 45.042159 2024-Nov-30 04:10 05 45 23.85 +13 37 57.4 245.391568 44.639839 n.a. n.a. 0.996711272960 -0.1968663 0.01114968112119 0.2500479 159.3314 /L 20.4425 147.0/ 1.1668 n.a. n.a. 1.7227549 230.35881 47.119225 2024-Nov-30 04:20 05 45 22.97 +13 37 46.3 247.754767 42.896073 n.a. n.a. 0.996710483438 -0.1968367 0.01115070611168 0.2610142 159.3395 /L 20.4344 147.1/ 1.1524 n.a. n.a. 1.6764037 228.15025 49.115474 2024-Nov-30 04:30 05 45 22.14 +13 37 35.0 250.010818 41.123486 n.a. n.a. 0.996709694035 -0.1968071 0.01115177417139 0.2715220 159.3474 /L 20.4266 147.2/ 1.1383 n.a. n.a. 1.6295316 225.75349 51.025305 2024-Nov-30 04:40 05 45 21.37 +13 37 23.5 252.170982 39.326052 n.a. n.a. 0.996708904751 -0.1967775 0.01115288342029 0.2815510 159.3550 /L 20.4191 147.3/ 1.1246 n.a. n.a. 1.5826980 223.15126 52.842217 2024-Nov-30 04:50 05 45 20.66 +13 37 11.9 254.245558 37.507308 n.a. n.a. 0.996708115585 -0.1967478 0.01115403189967 0.2910821 159.3624 /L 20.4118 147.4/ 1.1111 n.a. n.a. 1.5365243 220.32629 54.558734 2024-Nov-30 05:00 05 45 20.01 +13 37 00.0 256.243954 35.670424 n.a. n.a. 0.996707326538 -0.1967182 0.01115521757596 0.3000972 159.3695 /L 20.4047 147.4/ 1.0980 n.a. n.a. 1.4916958 217.26220 56.166358 2024-Nov-30 05:10 05 45 19.43 +13 36 48.1 258.174749 33.818250 n.a. n.a. 0.996706537610 -0.1966886 0.01115643834470 0.3085790 159.3764 /L 20.3979 147.5/ 1.0853 n.a. n.a. 1.4489620 213.94486 57.655573 2024-Nov-30 05:20 05 45 18.91 +13 36 36.0 260.045776 31.953365 n.a. n.a. 0.996705748801 -0.1966591 0.01115769203463 0.3165115 159.3830 /L 20.3913 147.6/ 1.0728 n.a. n.a. 1.4091320 210.36408 59.015942 2024-Nov-30 05:30 05 45 18.45 +13 36 23.7 261.864195 30.078115 n.a. n.a. 0.996704960111 -0.1966295 0.01115897641195 0.3238796 159.3893 /L 20.3850 147.6/ 1.0607 n.a. n.a. 1.3730632 206.51581 60.236318 2024-Nov-30 05:40 05 45 18.07 +13 36 11.4 263.636563 28.194653 n.a. n.a. 0.996704171539 -0.1965999 0.01116028918461 0.3306693 159.3954 /L 20.3790 147.7/ 1.0489 n.a. n.a. 1.3416421 202.40453 61.305211 2024-Nov-30 05:50 A 05 45 17.76 +13 35 58.9 265.368907 26.304966 n.a. n.a. 0.996703383086 -0.1965703 0.01116162800682 0.3368678 159.4012 /L 20.3732 147.8/ 1.0374 n.a. n.a. 1.3157540 198.04571 62.211332 2024-Nov-30 06:00 A 05 45 17.52 +13 35 46.3 267.066786 24.410906 n.a. n.a. 0.996702594751 -0.1965407 0.01116299048359 0.3424634 159.4067 /L 20.3677 147.9/ 1.0262 n.a. n.a. 1.2962443 193.46761 62.944297 2024-Nov-30 06:10 A 05 45 17.35 +13 35 33.7 268.735344 22.514208 n.a. n.a. 0.996701806535 -0.1965111 0.01116437417538 0.3474455 159.4119 /L 20.3625 147.9/ 1.0153 n.a. n.a. 1.2838699 188.71208 63.495456 2024-Nov-30 06:20 N 05 45 17.25 +13 35 20.9 270.379370 20.616517 n.a. n.a. 0.996701018438 -0.1964815 0.01116577660273 0.3518049 159.4169 /L 20.3576 148.0/ 1.0047 n.a. n.a. 1.2792490 183.83356 63.858735 2024-Nov-30 06:30 N 05 45 17.23 +13 35 08.1 272.003339 18.719404 n.a. n.a. 0.996700230460 -0.1964519 0.01116719525113 0.3555333 159.4215 /L 20.3530 148.0/ 0.9944 n.a. n.a. 1.2828154 178.89608 64.031357 2024-Nov-30 06:40 Nm 05 45 17.29 +13 34 55.3 273.611456 16.824380 n.a. n.a. 0.996699442600 -0.1964223 0.01116862757588 0.3586239 159.4259 /L 20.3486 148.1/ 0.9844 n.a. n.a. 1.2947853 173.96855 64.014284 2024-Nov-30 06:50 Cm 05 45 17.43 +13 34 42.4 275.207697 14.932919 n.a. n.a. 0.996698654859 -0.1963928 0.01117007100695 0.3610709 159.4300 /L 20.3446 148.2/ 0.9746 n.a. n.a. 1.3151444 169.11901 63.812293 2024-Nov-30 07:00 Cm 05 45 17.64 +13 34 29.5 276.795839 13.046460 n.a. n.a. 0.996697867237 -0.1963632 0.01117152295395 0.3628699 159.4338 /L 20.3408 148.2/ 0.9651 n.a. n.a. 1.3436568 164.40911 63.433638 2024-Nov-30 07:10 Cm 05 45 17.93 +13 34 16.5 278.379496 11.166433 n.a. n.a. 0.996697079733 -0.1963336 0.01117298081113 0.3640177 159.4373 /L 20.3373 148.3/ 0.9559 n.a. n.a. 1.3798938 159.88984 62.889396 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Nov-30 18:40 05 47 07.49 +13 25 59.0 72.967843 0.968326 n.a. n.a. 0.996643027477 -0.1943022 0.01118668004632 -0.3139077 159.3985 /L 20.3753 151.6/ 0.4693 n.a. n.a. 1.0722878 94.168251 -65.20624 2024-Nov-30 18:50 05 47 08.18 +13 25 58.3 74.589701 2.785868 n.a. n.a. 0.996642248237 -0.1942729 0.01118541599240 -0.3163363 159.4020 /L 20.3719 151.7/ 0.4607 n.a. n.a. 0.9597382 94.392413 -67.69535 2024-Nov-30 19:00 05 47 08.80 +13 25 57.6 76.198205 4.617836 n.a. n.a. 0.996641469115 -0.1942436 0.01118414349416 -0.3181180 159.4058 /L 20.3681 151.8/ 0.4520 n.a. n.a. 0.8465657 94.757271 -70.21220 2024-Nov-30 19:10 05 47 09.34 +13 25 56.9 77.796481 6.462688 n.a. n.a. 0.996640690110 -0.1942143 0.01118286515423 -0.3192489 159.4100 /L 20.3640 151.9/ 0.4434 n.a. n.a. 0.7330231 95.327907 -72.75635 2024-Nov-30 19:20 05 47 09.80 +13 25 56.3 79.387704 8.318925 n.a. n.a. 0.996639911223 -0.1941850 0.01118158358743 -0.3197268 159.4144 /L 20.3597 152.0/ 0.4349 n.a. n.a. 0.6193989 96.216784 -75.32648 2024-Nov-30 19:30 05 47 10.18 +13 25 55.6 80.975115 10.185079 n.a. n.a. 0.996639132453 -0.1941557 0.01118030141580 -0.3195505 159.4191 /L 20.3551 152.1/ 0.4263 n.a. n.a. 0.5060544 97.635713 -77.91940 2024-Nov-30 19:40 05 47 10.49 +13 25 55.0 82.562037 12.059706 n.a. n.a. 0.996638353800 -0.1941264 0.01117902126351 -0.3187199 159.4240 /L 20.3502 152.1/ 0.4178 n.a. n.a. 0.3935253 100.03403 -80.52753 2024-Nov-30 19:50 05 47 10.72 +13 25 54.3 84.151897 13.941370 n.a. n.a. 0.996637575265 -0.1940971 0.01117774575196 -0.3172366 159.4293 /L 20.3450 152.2/ 0.4093 n.a. n.a. 0.2828582 104.54640 -83.13045 2024-Nov-30 20:00 05 47 10.86 +13 25 53.5 85.748247 15.828638 n.a. n.a. 0.996636796848 -0.1940678 0.01117647749467 -0.3151029 159.4348 /L 20.3396 152.3/ 0.4008 n.a. n.a. 0.1771473 114.93144 -85.65661 2024-Nov-30 20:10 05 47 10.94 +13 25 52.8 87.354793 17.720065 n.a. n.a. 0.996636018548 -0.1940385 0.01117521909232 -0.3123229 159.4406 /L 20.3338 152.4/ 0.3924 n.a. n.a. 0.0929611 148.71958 -87.69754 2024-Nov-30 20:20 05 47 10.93 +13 25 52.0 88.975420 19.614184 n.a. n.a. 0.996635240366 -0.1940092 0.01117397312771 -0.3089015 159.4467 /L 20.3278 152.5/ 0.3841 n.a. n.a. 0.1061540 216.47658 -87.34244 2024-Nov-30 20:30 05 47 10.85 +13 25 51.1 90.614228 21.509490 n.a. n.a. 0.996634462301 -0.1939800 0.01117274216084 -0.3048450 159.4531 /L 20.3216 152.6/ 0.3758 n.a. n.a. 0.1963688 241.93230 -85.02802 2024-Nov-30 20:40 05 47 10.69 +13 25 50.1 92.275568 23.404428 n.a. n.a. 0.996633684353 -0.1939507 0.01117152872396 -0.3001611 159.4597 /L 20.3150 152.7/ 0.3677 n.a. n.a. 0.2994056 250.37835 -82.32854 2024-Nov-30 20:50 05 47 10.46 +13 25 49.0 93.964078 25.297378 n.a. n.a. 0.996632906523 -0.1939214 0.01117033531665 -0.2948583 159.4666 /L 20.3083 152.8/ 0.3596 n.a. n.a. 0.4043244 254.24438 -79.51046 2024-Nov-30 21:00 05 47 10.16 +13 25 47.9 95.684731 27.186632 n.a. n.a. 0.996632128810 -0.1938922 0.01116916440107 -0.2889468 159.4737 /L 20.3012 152.9/ 0.3516 n.a. n.a. 0.5087913 256.34492 -76.62738 2024-Nov-30 21:10 05 47 09.79 +13 25 46.6 97.442884 29.070380 n.a. n.a. 0.996631351214 -0.1938629 0.01116801839712 -0.2824375 159.4811 /L 20.2939 153.0/ 0.3437 n.a. n.a. 0.6119419 257.59100 -73.69669 2024-Nov-30 21:20 05 47 09.34 +13 25 45.2 99.244331 30.946685 n.a. n.a. 0.996630573736 -0.1938336 0.01116689967781 -0.2753428 159.4887 /L 20.2864 153.1/ 0.3359 n.a. n.a. 0.7133122 258.35959 -70.72620 2024-Nov-30 21:30 05 47 08.83 +13 25 43.7 101.095361 32.813456 n.a. n.a. 0.996629796375 -0.1938044 0.01116581056461 -0.2676760 159.4965 /L 20.2787 153.2/ 0.3283 n.a. n.a. 0.8125844 258.83362 -67.72038 2024-Nov-30 21:40 05 47 08.25 +13 25 42.0 103.002826 34.668421 n.a. n.a. 0.996629019132 -0.1937751 0.01116475332296 -0.2594517 159.5046 /L 20.2707 153.3/ 0.3208 n.a. n.a. 0.9095063 259.11219 -64.68247 2024-Nov-30 21:50 05 47 07.61 +13 25 40.2 104.974206 36.509095 n.a. n.a. 0.996628242006 -0.1937459 0.01116373015790 -0.2506856 159.5129 /L 20.2625 153.3/ 0.3134 n.a. n.a. 1.0038600 259.25344 -61.61519 2024-Nov-30 22:00 05 47 06.90 +13 25 38.2 107.017684 38.332737 n.a. n.a. 0.996627464997 -0.1937166 0.01116274320972 -0.2413942 159.5214 /L 20.2542 153.4/ 0.3062 n.a. n.a. 1.0954491 259.29360 -58.52113 2024-Nov-30 22:10 05 47 06.13 +13 25 36.1 109.142218 40.136312 n.a. n.a. 0.996626688106 -0.1936874 0.01116179454981 -0.2315952 159.5301 /L 20.2456 153.5/ 0.2991 n.a. n.a. 1.1840919 259.25633 -55.40290 2024-Nov-30 22:20 05 47 05.31 +13 25 33.7 111.357608 41.916437 n.a. n.a. 0.996625911332 -0.1936582 0.01116088617662 -0.2213074 159.5390 /L 20.2368 153.6/ 0.2922 n.a. n.a. 1.2696184 259.15763 -52.26322 2024-Nov-30 22:30 05 47 04.43 +13 25 31.2 113.674563 43.669329 n.a. n.a. 0.996625134675 -0.1936290 0.01116002001173 -0.2105503 159.5480 /L 20.2279 153.7/ 0.2854 n.a. n.a. 1.3518688 259.00860 -49.10493 2024-Nov-30 22:40 05 47 03.49 +13 25 28.5 116.104745 45.390735 n.a. n.a. 0.996624358135 -0.1935997 0.01115919789615 -0.1993446 159.5573 /L 20.2187 153.8/ 0.2788 n.a. n.a. 1.4306924 258.81715 -45.93104 2024-Nov-30 22:50 05 47 02.50 +13 25 25.6 118.660780 47.075871 n.a. n.a. 0.996623581713 -0.1935705 0.01115842158666 -0.1877117 159.5666 /L 20.2095 153.9/ 0.2724 n.a. n.a. 1.5059476 258.58893 -42.74470 2024-Nov-30 23:00 05 47 01.47 +13 25 22.5 121.356233 48.719336 n.a. n.a. 0.996622805407 -0.1935413 0.01115769275238 -0.1756737 159.5762 /L 20.2000 154.0/ 0.2662 n.a. n.a. 1.5775016 258.32803 -39.54921 2024-Nov-30 23:10 05 47 00.39 +13 25 19.1 124.205493 50.315037 n.a. n.a. 0.996622029219 -0.1935121 0.01115701297153 -0.1632539 159.5858 /L 20.1905 154.1/ 0.2602 n.a. n.a. 1.6452303 258.03739 -36.34796 2024-Nov-30 23:20 05 46 59.26 +13 25 15.6 127.223573 51.856108 n.a. n.a. 0.996621253148 -0.1934829 0.01115638372827 -0.1504759 159.5956 /L 20.1808 154.2/ 0.2543 n.a. n.a. 1.7090186 257.71911 -33.14446 2024-Nov-30 23:30 05 46 58.10 +13 25 11.8 130.425742 53.334830 n.a. n.a. 0.996620477194 -0.1934537 0.01115580640981 -0.1373644 159.6056 /L 20.1710 154.3/ 0.2487 n.a. n.a. 1.7687609 257.37459 -29.94225 2024-Nov-30 23:40 05 46 56.90 +13 25 07.8 133.826977 54.742577 n.a. n.a. 0.996619701358 -0.1934245 0.01115528230370 -0.1239446 159.6156 /L 20.1611 154.4/ 0.2433 n.a. n.a. 1.8243607 257.00472 -26.74490 2024-Nov-30 23:50 05 46 55.67 +13 25 03.5 137.441156 56.069781 n.a. n.a. 0.996618925638 -0.1933953 0.01115481259527 -0.1102421 159.6257 /L 20.1511 154.5/ 0.2380 n.a. n.a. 1.8757313 256.60997 -23.55598 2024-Dec-01 00:00 05 46 54.40 +13 24 59.0 141.279962 57.305949 n.a. n.a. 0.996618150036 -0.1933661 0.01115439836527 -0.0962833 159.6359 /L 20.1411 154.6/ 0.2330 n.a. n.a. 1.9227953 256.19043 -20.37901 $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************