API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Jun 22, 2025 MMS-4 Spacecraft / (Earth) -140485 https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mms/index.html MMS 4 Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission: the fourth of four identically instrumented space physics spacecraft studying the Earth's magnetosphere. Octagonal in shape; 2.5-m wide, 1.2-m high, spinning at 3 rpm during science operations. Eight deployable booms: four 60-meter wire booms, two 12.5 meter booms, two 5-m booms. Mass: 1250 kg; 318 W power generation; S-band communications. NOTE: The spacecraft may be maneuvered frequently. Therefore, the JSpOC TLE-based trajectory provided here may at times depart from the actual trajectory. This can happen because TLEs do not model thruster firings; the TLE trajectory solutions must be reinitialized after each event. Launched: 2015-Mar-13 02:44 UTC (Atlas V, Cape Canaveral, USA) ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Sun Jun 22 11:13:10 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: MMS-4 (spacecraft) (-140485) {source: MMS-4} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: Swan Reach Imaging, Glenalta ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Oct-31 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Nov-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 139.5701, -34.5440227, .056888 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 139.5701,5259.32258,-3596.34777 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.250620.p250916 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-JUN-20. PREDICTS-> 2025-SEP-15 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Oct-31 09:20 Ce 20 37 51.48 -50 42 42.7 200.983636 72.398521 n.a. n.a. 0.992669919400 0.5387860 0.00037931012707 2.5797430 81.3773 /T 98.6016 92.0/ 1.3630 n.a. n.a. 262.60163 47.179945 64.979801 2024-Oct-31 09:30 C 20 41 07.13 -50 13 30.5 204.872709 72.276372 n.a. n.a. 0.992672084842 0.5455484 0.00038958306441 2.5458536 81.9818 /T 97.9964 92.6/ 1.3454 n.a. n.a. 250.87918 46.239567 65.105182 2024-Oct-31 09:40 N 20 44 09.60 -49 45 06.1 208.769191 72.013610 n.a. n.a. 0.992674275295 0.5513053 0.00039972392960 2.5138220 82.5582 /T 97.4194 93.1/ 1.3277 n.a. n.a. 240.29026 45.361073 65.209282 2024-Oct-31 09:50 N 20 47 00.38 -49 17 26.7 212.586016 71.610182 n.a. n.a. 0.992676486970 0.5561729 0.00040973990323 2.4835160 83.1091 /T 96.8679 93.6/ 1.3098 n.a. n.a. 230.69438 44.541978 65.293729 2024-Oct-31 10:00 N 20 49 40.74 -48 50 29.8 216.247586 71.069713 n.a. n.a. 0.992678716511 0.5602513 0.00041963765450 2.4548125 83.6370 /T 96.3394 94.1/ 1.2919 n.a. n.a. 221.97196 43.780281 65.360000 2024-Oct-31 10:10 A 20 52 11.80 -48 24 13.0 219.694760 70.398841 n.a. n.a. 0.992680960936 0.5636271 0.00042942337538 2.4275965 84.1441 /T 95.8318 94.6/ 1.2739 n.a. n.a. 214.02061 43.074337 65.409439 2024-Oct-31 10:20 A 20 54 34.53 -47 58 34.2 222.886816 69.606369 n.a. n.a. 0.992683217584 0.5663756 0.00043910281206 2.4017606 84.6321 /T 95.3431 95.0/ 1.2558 n.a. n.a. 206.75223 42.422759 65.443279 2024-Oct-31 10:30 A 20 56 49.78 -47 33 31.1 225.800667 68.702380 n.a. n.a. 0.992685484080 0.5685627 0.00044868129329 2.3772040 85.1029 /T 94.8718 95.5/ 1.2377 n.a. n.a. 200.09062 41.824337 65.462652 2024-Oct-31 10:40 A 20 58 58.30 -47 09 02.1 228.428224 67.697471 n.a. n.a. 0.992687758294 0.5702459 0.00045816375635 2.3538321 85.5579 /T 94.4162 95.9/ 1.2195 n.a. n.a. 193.96965 41.277980 65.468600 2024-Oct-31 10:50 21 01 00.77 -46 45 05.4 230.772928 66.602153 n.a. n.a. 0.992690038310 0.5714759 0.00046755477065 2.3315559 85.9985 /T 93.9751 96.3/ 1.2013 n.a. n.a. 188.33164 40.782664 65.462082 2024-Oct-31 11:00 21 02 57.77 -46 21 39.3 232.846252 65.426446 n.a. n.a. 0.992692322407 0.5722972 0.00047685855931 2.3102916 86.4260 /T 93.5470 96.7/ 1.1830 n.a. n.a. 183.12615 40.337397 65.443982 2024-Oct-31 11:10 21 04 49.84 -45 58 42.6 234.664664 64.179635 n.a. n.a. 0.992694609028 0.5727495 0.00048607901885 2.2899602 86.8414 /T 93.1310 97.0/ 1.1647 n.a. n.a. 178.30890 39.941195 65.415111 2024-Oct-31 11:20 21 06 37.45 -45 36 13.8 236.247249 62.870162 n.a. n.a. 0.992696896769 0.5728676 0.00049521973737 2.2704867 87.2459 /T 92.7260 97.4/ 1.1464 n.a. n.a. 173.84091 39.593057 65.376213 2024-Oct-31 11:30 21 08 21.01 -45 14 11.8 237.613990 61.505596 n.a. n.a. 0.992699184355 0.5726827 0.00050428401114 2.2518006 87.6403 /T 92.3311 97.7/ 1.1281 n.a. n.a. 169.68777 39.291954 65.327970 2024-Oct-31 11:40 21 10 00.91 -44 52 35.4 238.784610 60.092669 n.a. n.a. 0.992701470630 0.5722226 0.00051327486014 2.2338345 88.0254 /T 91.9454 98.0/ 1.1098 n.a. n.a. 165.81904 39.036822 65.271000 2024-Oct-31 11:50 21 11 37.50 -44 31 23.7 239.777860 58.637337 n.a. n.a. 0.992703754543 0.5715121 0.00052219504210 2.2165249 88.4020 /T 91.5683 98.4/ 1.0916 n.a. n.a. 162.20771 38.826551 65.205866 2024-Oct-31 12:00 21 13 11.07 -44 10 35.7 240.611119 57.144859 n.a. n.a. 0.992706035137 0.5705734 0.00053104706599 2.1998114 88.7709 /T 91.1989 98.7/ 1.0733 n.a. n.a. 158.82978 38.659989 65.133072 2024-Oct-31 12:10 21 14 41.92 -43 50 10.6 241.300216 55.619877 n.a. n.a. 0.992708311540 0.5694265 0.00053983320424 2.1836363 89.1326 /T 90.8367 99.0/ 1.0552 n.a. n.a. 155.66388 38.535940 65.053073 2024-Oct-31 12:20 21 16 10.28 -43 30 07.7 241.859391 54.066495 n.a. n.a. 0.992710582956 0.5680894 0.00054855550437 2.1679450 89.4877 /T 90.4811 99.2/ 1.0371 n.a. n.a. 152.69092 38.453165 64.966270 2024-Oct-31 12:30 21 17 36.40 -43 10 26.2 242.301341 52.488348 n.a. n.a. 0.992712848655 0.5665782 0.00055721579990 2.1526855 89.8368 /T 90.1315 99.5/ 1.0190 n.a. n.a. 149.89387 38.410385 64.873021 2024-Oct-31 12:40 21 19 00.48 -42 51 05.5 242.637320 50.888673 n.a. n.a. 0.992715107973 0.5649077 0.00056581572057 2.1378081 90.1803 /T 89.7875 99.8/ 1.0010 n.a. n.a. 147.25744 38.406287 64.773636 2024-Oct-31 12:50 21 20 22.70 -42 32 05.1 242.877252 49.270361 n.a. n.a. 0.992717360297 0.5630911 0.00057435670218 2.1232656 90.5186 /T 89.4486 100.1/ 0.9832 n.a. n.a. 144.76795 38.439525 64.668384 2024-Oct-31 13:00 21 21 43.25 -42 13 24.3 243.029869 47.636006 n.a. n.a. 0.992719605069 0.5611404 0.00058283999560 2.1090132 90.8522 /T 89.1145 100.3/ 0.9654 n.a. n.a. 142.41309 38.508727 64.557497 2024-Oct-31 13:10 21 23 02.27 -41 55 02.8 243.102825 45.987952 n.a. n.a. 0.992721841775 0.5590666 0.00059126667582 2.0950079 91.1815 /T 88.7848 100.6/ 0.9477 n.a. n.a. 140.18177 38.612502 64.441167 2024-Oct-31 13:20 21 24 19.90 -41 37 00.0 243.102824 44.328326 n.a. n.a. 0.992724069941 0.5568798 0.00059963765017 2.0812089 91.5067 /T 88.4591 100.9/ 0.9302 n.a. n.a. 138.06401 38.749440 64.319557 2024-Oct-31 13:30 21 25 36.29 -41 19 15.5 243.035728 42.659070 n.a. n.a. 0.992726289135 0.5545889 0.00060795366640 2.0675776 91.8282 /T 88.1371 101.1/ 0.9128 n.a. n.a. 136.05078 38.918118 64.192796 2024-Oct-31 13:40 21 26 51.54 -41 01 49.0 242.906650 40.981970 n.a. n.a. 0.992728498957 0.5522023 0.00061621532055 2.0540769 92.1463 /T 87.8186 101.3/ 0.8955 n.a. n.a. 134.13391 39.117109 64.060989 2024-Oct-31 13:50 21 28 05.76 -40 44 40.2 242.720049 39.298675 n.a. n.a. 0.992730699041 0.5497278 0.00062442306426 2.0406717 92.4611 /T 87.5033 101.6/ 0.8784 n.a. n.a. 132.30599 39.344981 63.924213 2024-Oct-31 14:00 21 29 19.04 -40 27 48.6 242.479804 37.610724 n.a. n.a. 0.992732889048 0.5471722 0.00063257721206 2.0273288 92.7730 /T 87.1910 101.8/ 0.8614 n.a. n.a. 130.56029 39.600302 63.782526 2024-Oct-31 14:10 21 30 31.49 -40 11 14.0 242.189298 35.919562 n.a. n.a. 0.992735068843 0.5446292 0.00064067825381 2.0141660 93.0821 /T 86.8814 102.0/ 0.8446 n.a. n.a. 128.90175 39.881960 63.635680 2024-Oct-31 14:20 21 31 43.18 -39 54 56.1 241.851459 34.226552 n.a. n.a. 0.992737238314 0.5420173 0.00064872650679 2.0009846 93.3886 /T 86.5744 102.3/ 0.8280 n.a. n.a. 127.31294 40.188228 63.483842 2024-Oct-31 14:30 21 32 54.19 -39 38 54.5 241.468798 32.532982 n.a. n.a. 0.992739397195 0.5393413 0.00065672183625 1.9877558 93.6928 /T 86.2697 102.5/ 0.8116 n.a. n.a. 125.78877 40.517697 63.327006 2024-Oct-31 14:40 21 34 04.57 -39 23 09.2 241.043467 30.840083 n.a. n.a. 0.992741545240 0.5366058 0.00066466399603 1.9744526 93.9947 /T 85.9674 102.7/ 0.7954 n.a. n.a. 124.32458 40.868975 63.165156 2024-Oct-31 14:50 21 35 14.40 -39 07 39.8 240.577303 29.149037 n.a. n.a. 0.992743682221 0.5338153 0.00067255263534 1.9610497 94.2946 /T 85.6671 102.9/ 0.7793 n.a. n.a. 122.91609 41.240684 62.998266 2024-Oct-31 15:00 21 36 23.72 -38 52 26.1 240.071860 27.460991 n.a. n.a. 0.992745807925 0.5309737 0.00068038730538 1.9475235 94.5924 /T 85.3688 103.2/ 0.7635 n.a. n.a. 121.55932 41.631471 62.826304 2024-Oct-31 15:10 21 37 32.57 -38 37 28.0 239.528438 25.777061 n.a. n.a. 0.992747922155 0.5280846 0.00068816746566 1.9338519 94.8884 /T 85.0724 103.4/ 0.7479 n.a. n.a. 120.25061 42.040002 62.649233 2024-Oct-31 15:20 21 38 41.01 -38 22 45.2 238.948108 24.098345 n.a. n.a. 0.992750024730 0.5251515 0.00069589249048 1.9200144 95.1825 /T 84.7778 103.6/ 0.7325 n.a. n.a. 118.98655 42.464970 62.467011 2024-Oct-31 15:30 21 39 49.07 -38 08 17.7 238.331736 22.425920 n.a. n.a. 0.992752115479 0.5221775 0.00070356167498 1.9059921 95.4750 /T 84.4849 103.8/ 0.7173 n.a. n.a. 117.76395 42.905094 62.279598 2024-Oct-31 15:40 21 40 56.78 -37 54 05.2 237.680001 20.760860 n.a. n.a. 0.992754194245 0.5191654 0.00071117424126 1.8917675 95.7658 /T 84.1937 104.0/ 0.7023 n.a. n.a. 116.57983 43.359124 62.086952 2024-Oct-31 15:50 21 42 04.18 -37 40 07.6 236.993414 19.104232 n.a. n.a. 0.992756260882 0.5161182 0.00071872934434 1.8773246 96.0550 /T 83.9041 104.2/ 0.6876 n.a. n.a. 115.43141 43.825836 61.889034 2024-Oct-31 16:00 21 43 11.28 -37 26 24.7 236.272330 17.457108 n.a. n.a. 0.992758315255 0.5130382 0.00072622607800 1.8626488 96.3427 /T 83.6160 104.4/ 0.6732 n.a. n.a. 114.31603 44.304041 61.685807 2024-Oct-31 16:10 21 44 18.12 -37 12 56.4 235.516965 15.820569 n.a. n.a. 0.992760357238 0.5099279 0.00073366348047 1.8477270 96.6289 /T 83.3294 104.6/ 0.6589 n.a. n.a. 113.23121 44.792582 61.477239 2024-Oct-31 16:20 21 45 24.71 -36 59 42.5 234.727406 14.195705 n.a. n.a. 0.992762386714 0.5067896 0.00074104054003 1.8325474 96.9137 /T 83.0442 104.8/ 0.6450 n.a. n.a. 112.17460 45.290336 61.263302 2024-Oct-31 16:30 21 46 31.06 -36 46 43.0 233.903620 12.583627 n.a. n.a. 0.992764403576 0.5036252 0.00074835620056 1.8170996 97.1969 /T 82.7605 105.0/ 0.6312 n.a. n.a. 111.14394 45.796214 61.043977 2024-Oct-31 16:40 21 47 37.19 -36 33 57.6 233.045468 10.985467 n.a. n.a. 0.992766407724 0.5004368 0.00075560936688 1.8013745 97.4788 /T 82.4783 105.2/ 0.6178 n.a. n.a. 110.13709 46.309163 60.819249 2024-Oct-31 16:50 21 48 43.12 -36 21 26.2 232.152713 9.402384 n.a. n.a. 0.992768399065 0.4972262 0.00076279891006 1.7853644 97.7593 /T 82.1974 105.4/ 0.6045 n.a. n.a. 109.15201 46.828165 60.589112 2024-Oct-31 17:00 21 49 48.84 -36 09 08.7 231.225026 7.835567 n.a. n.a. 0.992770377516 0.4939952 0.00076992367255 1.7690627 98.0383 /T 81.9180 105.6/ 0.5916 n.a. n.a. 108.18673 47.352241 60.353569 2024-Oct-31 17:10 21 50 54.37 -35 57 04.9 230.261998 6.286240 n.a. n.a. 0.992772342998 0.4907454 0.00077698247326 1.7524642 98.3159 /T 81.6400 105.8/ 0.5789 n.a. n.a. 107.23938 47.880445 60.112631 2024-Oct-31 17:20 21 51 59.70 -35 45 14.8 229.263148 4.755667 n.a. n.a. 0.992774295439 0.4874784 0.00078397411249 1.7355648 98.5921 /T 81.3635 106.0/ 0.5665 n.a. n.a. 106.30813 48.411869 59.866319 2024-Oct-31 17:30 21 53 04.85 -35 33 38.2 228.227930 3.245153 n.a. n.a. 0.992776234773 0.4841957 0.00079089737677 1.7183618 98.8668 /T 81.0884 106.2/ 0.5543 n.a. n.a. 105.39126 48.945643 59.614663 2024-Oct-31 17:40 21 54 09.81 -35 22 15.0 227.155741 1.756050 n.a. n.a. 0.992778160941 0.4808986 0.00079775104359 1.7008534 99.1401 /T 80.8147 106.4/ 0.5424 n.a. n.a. 104.48706 49.480930 59.357705 2024-Oct-31 17:50 21 55 14.58 -35 11 05.0 226.045935 0.289760 n.a. n.a. 0.992780073889 0.4775886 0.00080453388599 1.6830390 99.4119 /T 80.5425 106.6/ 0.5308 n.a. n.a. 103.59393 50.016931 59.095495 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************