API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Dec 09, 2024 MMS-2 Spacecraft / (Earth) -140483 https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mms/index.html MMS 2 Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission: the second of four identically instrumented space physics spacecraft studying the Earth's magnetosphere. Octagonal in shape; 2.5-m wide, 1.2-m high, spinning at 3 rpm during science operations. Eight deployable booms: four 60-meter wire booms, two 12.5 meter booms, two 5-m booms. Mass: 1250 kg; 318 W power generation; S-band communications. NOTE: The spacecraft may be maneuvered frequently. Therefore, the JSpOC TLE-based trajectory provided here may at times depart from the actual trajectory. This can happen because TLEs do not model thruster firings; the TLE trajectory solutions must be reinitialized after each event. Launched: 2015-Mar-13 02:44 UTC (Atlas V, Cape Canaveral, USA) ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Mon Dec 9 17:45:08 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: MMS-2 (spacecraft) (-140483) {source: MMS-2} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: Swan Reach Imaging, Glenalta ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Nov-30 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 139.5701, -34.5440227, .056888 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 139.5701,5259.32258,-3596.34777 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.241209.p250307 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-DEC-09. PREDICTS-> 2025-MAR-06 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Nov-30 09:50 C 23 22 39.03 -15 32 44.8 343.192884 70.157542 n.a. n.a. 0.986344424122 0.0809268 0.00112816891963 -0.4067488 96.8159 /T 83.1189 106.4/ 0.9409 n.a. n.a. 32.735493 349.66920 -42.33833 2024-Nov-30 10:00 C 23 22 34.99 -15 27 20.6 336.543711 69.355120 n.a. n.a. 0.986344744736 0.0801560 0.00112655264814 -0.3978013 96.8320 /T 83.1029 106.3/ 0.9256 n.a. n.a. 33.129159 350.03315 -41.40537 2024-Nov-30 10:10 N 23 22 31.07 -15 21 52.3 330.401229 68.341618 n.a. n.a. 0.986345062243 0.0793729 0.00112497204263 -0.3889595 96.8491 /T 83.0860 106.3/ 0.9102 n.a. n.a. 33.511075 350.47825 -40.48267 2024-Nov-30 10:20 N 23 22 27.30 -15 16 19.7 324.794181 67.145171 n.a. n.a. 0.986345376594 0.0785774 0.00112342661502 -0.3802552 96.8671 /T 83.0681 106.2/ 0.8947 n.a. n.a. 33.881753 351.00174 -39.57246 2024-Nov-30 10:30 N 23 22 23.72 -15 10 43.0 319.713541 65.793081 n.a. n.a. 0.986345687736 0.0777692 0.00112191575020 -0.3717199 96.8862 /T 83.0490 106.1/ 0.8793 n.a. n.a. 34.241929 351.60097 -38.67694 2024-Nov-30 10:40 N 23 22 20.37 -15 05 02.3 315.126227 64.310202 n.a. n.a. 0.986345995621 0.0769482 0.00112043870722 -0.3633849 96.9066 /T 83.0287 106.1/ 0.8638 n.a. n.a. 34.592552 352.27331 -37.79826 2024-Nov-30 10:50 A 23 22 17.28 -14 59 17.5 310.986693 62.718238 n.a. n.a. 0.986346300195 0.0761143 0.00111899462067 -0.3552810 96.9284 /T 83.0070 106.0/ 0.8484 n.a. n.a. 34.934766 353.01617 -36.93855 2024-Nov-30 11:00 A 23 22 14.49 -14 53 28.8 307.245149 61.035631 n.a. n.a. 0.986346601407 0.0752672 0.00111758250262 -0.3474384 96.9517 /T 82.9838 105.9/ 0.8329 n.a. n.a. 35.269900 353.82694 -36.09993 2024-Nov-30 11:10 A 23 22 12.03 -14 47 36.3 303.852626 59.277804 n.a. n.a. 0.986346899203 0.0744068 0.00111620124459 -0.3398870 96.9766 /T 82.9590 105.9/ 0.8175 n.a. n.a. 35.599444 354.70297 -35.28446 2024-Nov-30 11:20 A 23 22 09.93 -14 41 39.9 300.763693 57.457537 n.a. n.a. 0.986347193529 0.0735329 0.00111484961997 -0.3326558 97.0033 /T 82.9324 105.8/ 0.8020 n.a. n.a. 35.925031 355.64154 -34.49422 2024-Nov-30 11:30 23 22 08.24 -14 35 39.9 297.937637 55.585383 n.a. n.a. 0.986347484331 0.0726453 0.00111352628668 -0.3257733 97.0318 /T 82.9039 105.8/ 0.7867 n.a. n.a. 36.248423 356.63985 -33.73124 2024-Nov-30 11:40 23 22 06.99 -14 29 36.3 295.338725 53.670061 n.a. n.a. 0.986347771553 0.0717438 0.00111222979000 -0.3192672 97.0624 /T 82.8735 105.7/ 0.7713 n.a. n.a. 36.571483 357.69496 -32.99750 2024-Nov-30 11:50 23 22 06.20 -14 23 29.2 292.935983 51.718786 n.a. n.a. 0.986348055139 0.0708282 0.00111095856592 -0.3131643 97.0950 /T 82.8409 105.6/ 0.7561 n.a. n.a. 36.896153 358.80381 -32.29496 2024-Nov-30 12:00 23 22 05.90 -14 17 18.6 290.702744 49.737565 n.a. n.a. 0.986348335032 0.0698983 0.00110971094440 -0.3074906 97.1298 /T 82.8062 105.6/ 0.7409 n.a. n.a. 37.224434 359.96317 -31.62550 2024-Nov-30 12:10 23 22 06.14 -14 11 04.8 288.616118 47.731422 n.a. n.a. 0.986348611174 0.0689539 0.00110848515308 -0.3022711 97.1669 /T 82.7691 105.5/ 0.7258 n.a. n.a. 37.558359 1.1696716 -30.99095 2024-Nov-30 12:20 23 22 06.94 -14 04 47.7 286.656469 45.704589 n.a. n.a. 0.986348883506 0.0679948 0.00110727932118 -0.2975299 97.2064 /T 82.7297 105.5/ 0.7108 n.a. n.a. 37.899965 2.4197458 -30.39303 2024-Nov-30 12:30 23 22 08.32 -13 58 27.5 284.806925 43.660660 n.a. n.a. 0.986349151969 0.0670207 0.00110609148359 -0.2932899 97.2484 /T 82.6878 105.4/ 0.6959 n.a. n.a. 38.251274 3.7096732 -29.83338 2024-Nov-30 12:40 23 22 10.32 -13 52 04.4 283.052957 41.602706 n.a. n.a. 0.986349416503 0.0660314 0.00110491958507 -0.2895732 97.2930 /T 82.6433 105.4/ 0.6812 n.a. n.a. 38.614258 5.0355667 -29.31351 2024-Nov-30 12:50 23 22 12.96 -13 45 38.3 281.382000 39.533377 n.a. n.a. 0.986349677045 0.0650268 0.00110376148479 -0.2864003 97.3402 /T 82.5961 105.3/ 0.6665 n.a. n.a. 38.990820 6.3933889 -28.83477 2024-Nov-30 13:00 23 22 16.26 -13 39 09.5 279.783148 37.454979 n.a. n.a. 0.986349933533 0.0640064 0.00110261496088 -0.2837911 97.3903 /T 82.5462 105.3/ 0.6520 n.a. n.a. 39.382768 7.7789712 -28.39837 2024-Nov-30 13:10 23 22 20.25 -13 32 38.0 278.246881 35.369534 n.a. n.a. 0.986350185905 0.0629703 0.00110147771517 -0.2817638 97.4431 /T 82.4934 105.2/ 0.6376 n.a. n.a. 39.791791 9.1880374 -28.00535 2024-Nov-30 13:20 23 22 24.95 -13 26 04.0 276.764848 33.278834 n.a. n.a. 0.986350434095 0.0619179 0.00110034737805 -0.2803357 97.4988 /T 82.4377 105.2/ 0.6234 n.a. n.a. 40.219437 10.616234 -27.65654 2024-Nov-30 13:30 23 22 30.39 -13 19 27.5 275.329677 31.184480 n.a. n.a. 0.986350678039 0.0608492 0.00109922151359 -0.2795227 97.5576 /T 82.3791 105.1/ 0.6094 n.a. n.a. 40.667095 12.059164 -27.35260 2024-Nov-30 13:40 23 22 36.57 -13 12 48.7 273.934823 29.087916 n.a. n.a. 0.986350917670 0.0597638 0.00109809762446 -0.2793394 97.6193 /T 82.3174 105.1/ 0.5955 n.a. n.a. 41.135979 13.512423 -27.09394 2024-Nov-30 13:50 23 22 43.53 -13 06 07.7 272.574433 26.990457 n.a. n.a. 0.986351152921 0.0586615 0.00109697315716 -0.2797992 97.6842 /T 82.2526 105.1/ 0.5819 n.a. n.a. 41.627110 14.971640 -26.88077 2024-Nov-30 14:00 23 22 51.27 -12 59 24.6 271.243237 24.893315 n.a. n.a. 0.986351383722 0.0575420 0.00109584550727 -0.2809141 97.7522 /T 82.1847 105.0/ 0.5684 n.a. n.a. 42.141311 16.432514 -26.71308 2024-Nov-30 14:10 23 22 59.82 -12 52 39.4 269.936458 22.797613 n.a. n.a. 0.986351610005 0.0564050 0.00109471202467 -0.2826949 97.8234 /T 82.1136 105.0/ 0.5551 n.a. n.a. 42.679198 17.890857 -26.59065 2024-Nov-30 14:20 23 23 09.18 -12 45 52.4 268.649727 20.704408 n.a. n.a. 0.986351831699 0.0552502 0.00109357001891 -0.2851510 97.8978 /T 82.0392 105.0/ 0.5420 n.a. n.a. 43.241174 19.342627 -26.51301 2024-Nov-30 14:30 23 23 19.38 -12 39 03.6 267.379021 18.614700 n.a. n.a. 0.986352048731 0.0540774 0.00109241676450 -0.2882904 97.9755 /T 81.9616 105.0/ 0.5292 n.a. n.a. 43.827431 20.783965 -26.47953 2024-Nov-30 14:40 23 23 30.41 -12 32 13.1 266.120603 16.529448 n.a. n.a. 0.986352261028 0.0528861 0.00109124950619 -0.2921199 98.0566 /T 81.8806 104.9/ 0.5165 n.a. n.a. 44.437952 22.211225 -26.48936 2024-Nov-30 14:50 23 23 42.30 -12 25 20.9 264.870970 14.449578 n.a. n.a. 0.986352468517 0.0516762 0.00109006546438 -0.2966449 98.1410 /T 81.7963 104.9/ 0.5041 n.a. n.a. 45.072517 23.620998 -26.54147 2024-Nov-30 15:00 23 23 55.05 -12 18 27.3 263.626815 12.375996 n.a. n.a. 0.986352671120 0.0504473 0.00108886184031 -0.3018694 98.2288 /T 81.7086 104.9/ 0.4919 n.a. n.a. 45.730711 25.010134 -26.63469 2024-Nov-30 15:10 23 24 08.66 -12 11 32.2 262.384981 10.309597 n.a. n.a. 0.986352868762 0.0491990 0.00108763582146 -0.3077964 98.3199 /T 81.6175 104.9/ 0.4800 n.a. n.a. 46.411933 26.375754 -26.76769 2024-Nov-30 15:20 23 24 23.15 -12 04 35.9 261.142435 8.251268 n.a. n.a. 0.986353061364 0.0479310 0.00108638458660 -0.3144273 98.4145 /T 81.5230 104.9/ 0.4683 n.a. n.a. 47.115414 27.715263 -26.93904 2024-Nov-30 15:30 23 24 38.52 -11 57 38.2 259.896231 6.201905 n.a. n.a. 0.986353248845 0.0466430 0.00108510531098 -0.3217624 98.5125 /T 81.4251 104.9/ 0.4569 n.a. n.a. 47.840224 29.026350 -27.14717 2024-Nov-30 15:40 23 24 54.76 -11 50 39.4 258.643487 4.162412 n.a. n.a. 0.986353431126 0.0453346 0.00108379517148 -0.3298005 98.6139 /T 81.3237 104.9/ 0.4457 n.a. n.a. 48.585290 30.306988 -27.39049 2024-Nov-30 15:50 23 25 11.89 -11 43 39.5 257.381359 2.133714 n.a. n.a. 0.986353608122 0.0440054 0.00108245135155 -0.3385396 98.7188 /T 81.2190 104.9/ 0.4347 n.a. n.a. 49.349415 31.555430 -27.66730 2024-Nov-30 16:00 23 25 29.91 -11 36 38.5 256.107018 0.116765 n.a. n.a. 0.986353779751 0.0426551 0.00108107104608 -0.3479761 98.8271 /T 81.1108 104.9/ 0.4240 n.a. n.a. 50.131288 32.770198 -27.97589 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************