API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Dec 10, 2024 MMS-2 Spacecraft / (Earth) -140483 https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mms/index.html MMS 2 Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission: the second of four identically instrumented space physics spacecraft studying the Earth's magnetosphere. Octagonal in shape; 2.5-m wide, 1.2-m high, spinning at 3 rpm during science operations. Eight deployable booms: four 60-meter wire booms, two 12.5 meter booms, two 5-m booms. Mass: 1250 kg; 318 W power generation; S-band communications. NOTE: The spacecraft may be maneuvered frequently. Therefore, the JSpOC TLE-based trajectory provided here may at times depart from the actual trajectory. This can happen because TLEs do not model thruster firings; the TLE trajectory solutions must be reinitialized after each event. Launched: 2015-Mar-13 02:44 UTC (Atlas V, Cape Canaveral, USA) ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Thu Dec 12 02:45:36 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: MMS-2 (spacecraft) (-140483) {source: MMS-2} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: VdS Remote Observatory, Hakos ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Nov-30 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 16.3613, -23.2365766, 1.8515 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 16.3613,5865.52307,-2501.54567 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.241211.p250309 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-DEC-11. PREDICTS-> 2025-MAR-08 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Nov-30 17:40 C 23 36 23.54 -11 25 10.0 13.843954 77.713965 n.a. n.a. 0.986355181142 0.0278985 0.00100967750520 -0.8195662 101.2624 /T 78.6799 107.4/ 0.4853 n.a. n.a. 39.936765 348.68072 -59.25889 2024-Nov-30 17:50 Ce 23 36 18.16 -11 18 35.5 2.096624 77.928534 n.a. n.a. 0.986355287699 0.0262876 0.00100640526220 -0.8099625 101.2822 /T 78.6603 107.4/ 0.4752 n.a. n.a. 40.506469 348.70817 -58.68428 2024-Nov-30 18:00 Nt 23 36 12.74 -11 11 55.4 350.390145 77.664122 n.a. n.a. 0.986355387746 0.0246500 0.00100317147410 -0.8003826 101.3024 /T 78.6403 107.3/ 0.4650 n.a. n.a. 41.062956 348.82595 -58.11343 2024-Nov-30 18:10 N 23 36 07.33 -11 05 09.7 339.537503 76.949080 n.a. n.a. 0.986355481174 0.0229854 0.00099997597013 -0.7908640 101.3232 /T 78.6197 107.3/ 0.4548 n.a. n.a. 41.605772 349.03142 -57.54778 2024-Nov-30 18:20 N 23 36 01.97 -10 58 18.3 330.033139 75.851073 n.a. n.a. 0.986355567875 0.0212930 0.00099681842951 -0.7814439 101.3448 /T 78.5982 107.2/ 0.4446 n.a. n.a. 42.134805 349.32205 -56.98865 2024-Nov-30 18:30 A 23 35 56.71 -10 51 21.4 321.998948 74.450743 n.a. n.a. 0.986355647735 0.0195724 0.00099369838149 -0.7721598 101.3674 /T 78.5759 107.1/ 0.4344 n.a. n.a. 42.650284 349.69539 -56.43725 2024-Nov-30 18:40 A 23 35 51.60 -10 44 18.9 315.315677 72.821763 n.a. n.a. 0.986355720639 0.0178230 0.00099061520583 -0.7630488 101.3911 /T 78.5523 107.1/ 0.4242 n.a. n.a. 43.152765 350.14911 -55.89470 2024-Nov-30 18:50 A 23 35 46.68 -10 37 10.9 309.769940 71.022968 n.a. n.a. 0.986355786472 0.0160441 0.00098756813343 -0.7541479 101.4161 /T 78.5275 107.0/ 0.4141 n.a. n.a. 43.643121 350.68091 -55.36201 2024-Nov-30 19:00 23 35 42.01 -10 29 57.5 305.142188 69.098322 n.a. n.a. 0.986355845113 0.0142351 0.00098455624765 -0.7454938 101.4425 /T 78.5013 107.0/ 0.4040 n.a. n.a. 44.122534 351.28853 -54.84011 2024-Nov-30 19:10 23 35 37.61 -10 22 38.5 301.242305 67.079768 n.a. n.a. 0.986355896440 0.0123954 0.00098157848570 -0.7371226 101.4706 /T 78.4733 106.9/ 0.3940 n.a. n.a. 44.592475 351.96971 -54.32982 2024-Nov-30 19:20 23 35 33.55 -10 15 14.2 297.917257 64.990381 n.a. n.a. 0.986355940329 0.0105243 0.00097863364070 -0.7290700 101.5005 /T 78.4436 106.9/ 0.3840 n.a. n.a. 45.054695 352.72217 -53.83190 2024-Nov-30 19:30 23 35 29.87 -10 07 44.5 295.047681 62.846918 n.a. n.a. 0.986355976651 0.0086211 0.00097572036388 -0.7213710 101.5324 /T 78.4120 106.8/ 0.3741 n.a. n.a. 45.511203 353.54354 -53.34701 2024-Nov-30 19:40 23 35 26.61 -10 00 09.6 292.541512 60.661698 n.a. n.a. 0.986356005278 0.0066851 0.00097283716726 -0.7140601 101.5663 /T 78.3782 106.7/ 0.3643 n.a. n.a. 45.964248 354.43137 -52.87574 2024-Nov-30 19:50 23 35 23.82 -09 52 29.4 290.327783 58.443911 n.a. n.a. 0.986356026075 0.0047156 0.00096998242662 -0.7071706 101.6026 /T 78.3421 106.7/ 0.3546 n.a. n.a. 46.416295 355.38311 -52.41860 2024-Nov-30 20:00 23 35 21.54 -09 44 44.1 288.351525 56.200522 n.a. n.a. 0.986356038907 0.0027118 0.00096715438487 -0.7007354 101.6413 /T 78.3036 106.6/ 0.3450 n.a. n.a. 46.869999 356.39601 -51.97603 2024-Nov-30 20:10 23 35 19.83 -09 36 53.7 286.569818 53.936900 n.a. n.a. 0.986356043635 0.0006729 0.00096435115564 -0.6947862 101.6826 /T 78.2624 106.6/ 0.3355 n.a. n.a. 47.328182 357.46719 -51.54842 2024-Nov-30 20:20 23 35 18.71 -09 28 58.3 284.948839 51.657246 n.a. n.a. 0.986356040115 -0.0014018 0.00096157072729 -0.6893536 101.7267 /T 78.2185 106.5/ 0.3261 n.a. n.a. 47.793796 358.59353 -51.13610 2024-Nov-30 20:30 23 35 18.23 -09 20 58.0 283.461671 49.364903 n.a. n.a. 0.986356028203 -0.0035133 0.00095881096712 -0.6844674 101.7736 /T 78.1717 106.5/ 0.3169 n.a. n.a. 48.269896 359.77172 -50.73936 2024-Nov-30 20:40 23 35 18.44 -09 12 52.7 282.086669 47.062568 n.a. n.a. 0.986356007750 -0.0056622 0.00095606962593 -0.6801559 101.8237 /T 78.1218 106.4/ 0.3078 n.a. n.a. 48.759603 0.9982140 -50.35843 2024-Nov-30 20:50 23 35 19.37 -09 04 42.7 280.806258 44.752450 n.a. n.a. 0.986355978602 -0.0078497 0.00095334434273 -0.6764465 101.8769 /T 78.0688 106.4/ 0.2989 n.a. n.a. 49.266070 2.2692439 -49.99353 2024-Nov-30 21:00 23 35 21.06 -08 56 28.0 279.606021 42.436384 n.a. n.a. 0.986355940604 -0.0100764 0.00095063264984 -0.6733650 101.9335 /T 78.0124 106.3/ 0.2901 n.a. n.a. 49.792441 3.5808073 -49.64485 2024-Nov-30 21:10 23 35 23.56 -08 48 08.7 278.474023 40.115913 n.a. n.a. 0.986355893596 -0.0123435 0.00094793197802 -0.6709362 101.9935 /T 77.9525 106.3/ 0.2815 n.a. n.a. 50.341818 4.9286883 -49.31257 2024-Nov-30 21:20 23 35 26.89 -08 39 44.7 277.400284 37.792350 n.a. n.a. 0.986355837414 -0.0146519 0.00094523966195 -0.6691832 102.0572 /T 77.8890 106.3/ 0.2731 n.a. n.a. 50.917221 6.3084731 -48.99685 2024-Nov-30 21:30 23 35 31.09 -08 31 16.3 276.376386 35.466828 n.a. n.a. 0.986355771890 -0.0170025 0.00094255294584 -0.6681280 102.1246 /T 77.8217 106.2/ 0.2649 n.a. n.a. 51.521553 7.7155768 -48.69787 2024-Nov-30 21:40 23 35 36.21 -08 22 43.5 275.395161 33.140335 n.a. n.a. 0.986355696854 -0.0193964 0.00093986898904 -0.6677909 102.1959 /T 77.7506 106.2/ 0.2568 n.a. n.a. 52.157566 9.1452760 -48.41579 2024-Nov-30 21:50 23 35 42.26 -08 14 06.3 274.450448 30.813742 n.a. n.a. 0.986355612127 -0.0218348 0.00093718487209 -0.6681909 102.2711 /T 77.6756 106.2/ 0.2490 n.a. n.a. 52.827826 10.592748 -48.15080 2024-Nov-30 22:00 23 35 49.28 -08 05 24.7 273.536907 28.487824 n.a. n.a. 0.986355517531 -0.0243187 0.00093449760261 -0.6693454 102.3504 /T 77.5964 106.1/ 0.2414 n.a. n.a. 53.534690 12.053118 -47.90310 2024-Nov-30 22:10 23 35 57.30 -07 56 39.1 272.649832 26.163273 n.a. n.a. 0.986355411924 -0.0273197 0.00093180157580 -0.6725216 102.4340 /T 77.5130 106.1/ 0.2340 n.a. n.a. 54.261709 13.512538 -47.73585 2024-Nov-30 22:20 23 36 06.34 -07 47 49.4 271.785068 23.840717 n.a. n.a. 0.986355294290 -0.0303105 0.00092909149275 -0.6763198 102.5218 /T 77.4254 106.1/ 0.2268 n.a. n.a. 55.031612 14.977273 -47.57768 2024-Nov-30 22:30 23 36 16.43 -07 38 55.6 270.938944 21.520740 n.a. n.a. 0.986355164726 -0.0332652 0.00092636498754 -0.6806814 102.6139 /T 77.3334 106.1/ 0.2198 n.a. n.a. 55.847109 16.442825 -47.42518 2024-Nov-30 22:40 23 36 27.59 -07 29 57.9 270.108153 19.203886 n.a. n.a. 0.986355023415 -0.0361659 0.00092361988235 -0.6855686 102.7106 /T 77.2369 106.1/ 0.2131 n.a. n.a. 56.710301 17.904577 -47.27623 2024-Nov-30 22:50 23 36 39.86 -07 20 56.2 269.289684 16.890666 n.a. n.a. 0.986354870597 -0.0390026 0.00092085411127 -0.6909637 102.8118 /T 77.1359 106.1/ 0.2066 n.a. n.a. 57.622678 19.357898 -47.12989 2024-Nov-30 23:00 23 36 53.26 -07 11 50.4 268.480769 14.581562 n.a. n.a. 0.986354706533 -0.0417739 0.00091806563654 -0.6968703 102.9177 /T 77.0302 106.1/ 0.2003 n.a. n.a. 58.585091 20.798234 -46.98645 2024-Nov-30 23:10 23 37 07.81 -07 02 40.6 267.678831 12.277033 n.a. n.a. 0.986354531475 -0.0444868 0.00091525236382 -0.7033128 103.0284 /T 76.9197 106.1/ 0.1943 n.a. n.a. 59.597759 22.221194 -46.84733 2024-Nov-30 23:20 23 37 23.53 -06 53 26.8 266.881442 9.977522 n.a. n.a. 0.986354345629 -0.0471559 0.00091241206300 -0.7103339 103.1439 /T 76.8043 106.1/ 0.1885 n.a. n.a. 60.660313 23.622643 -46.71492 2024-Nov-30 23:30 23 37 40.44 -06 44 08.9 266.086289 7.683459 n.a. n.a. 0.986354149130 -0.0498025 0.00090954230049 -0.7179916 103.2644 /T 76.6840 106.1/ 0.1830 n.a. n.a. 61.771861 24.998770 -46.59234 2024-Nov-30 23:40 23 37 58.57 -06 34 46.9 265.291142 5.395263 n.a. n.a. 0.986353942018 -0.0524525 0.00090664038738 -0.7263544 103.3899 /T 76.5587 106.1/ 0.1777 n.a. n.a. 62.931084 26.346156 -46.48314 2024-Nov-30 23:50 23 38 17.92 -06 25 20.8 264.493821 3.113350 n.a. n.a. 0.986353724221 -0.0551349 0.00090370334771 -0.7354959 103.5205 /T 76.4283 106.2/ 0.1726 n.a. n.a. 64.136340 27.661803 -46.39101 2024-Dec-01 00:00 23 38 38.50 -06 15 50.5 263.692175 0.838132 n.a. n.a. 0.986353495550 -0.0578794 0.00090072790778 -0.7454900 103.6562 /T 76.2928 106.2/ 0.1679 n.a. n.a. 65.385777 28.943158 -46.31948 $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************