API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Nov 03, 2024 MMS-2 Spacecraft / (Earth) -140483 https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mms/index.html MMS 2 Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission: the second of four identically instrumented space physics spacecraft studying the Earth's magnetosphere. Octagonal in shape; 2.5-m wide, 1.2-m high, spinning at 3 rpm during science operations. Eight deployable booms: four 60-meter wire booms, two 12.5 meter booms, two 5-m booms. Mass: 1250 kg; 318 W power generation; S-band communications. NOTE: The spacecraft may be maneuvered frequently. Therefore, the JSpOC TLE-based trajectory provided here may at times depart from the actual trajectory. This can happen because TLEs do not model thruster firings; the TLE trajectory solutions must be reinitialized after each event. Launched: 2015-Mar-13 02:44 UTC (Atlas V, Cape Canaveral, USA) ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Mon Nov 4 02:43:00 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: MMS-2 (spacecraft) (-140483) {source: MMS-2} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: VdS Remote Observatory, Hakos ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Oct-31 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Nov-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 16.3613, -23.2365766, 1.8515 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 16.3613,5865.52307,-2501.54567 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.241101.p250128 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-NOV-01. PREDICTS-> 2025-JAN-27 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE 2024-Oct-31 00:00 00 53 26.96 +28 49 30.2 319.835693 23.715059 n.a. n.a. 0.993085654509 -3.4657932 0.00025258885287 -2.9344347 154.8585 /T 25.1352 159.4/ 2.0498 n.a. n.a. 678.76285 17.259307 -54.76708 2024-Oct-31 00:10 00 56 10.40 +30 43 03.3 319.984102 21.253470 n.a. n.a. 0.993071475584 -3.6100232 0.00024069652935 -2.9990290 154.3048 /T 25.6890 157.7/ 2.0246 n.a. n.a. 750.49050 17.459736 -53.94067 2024-Oct-31 00:20 00 59 17.58 +32 48 57.1 320.408460 18.726943 n.a. n.a. 0.993056687053 -3.7702754 0.00022853703507 -3.0677394 153.5350 /T 26.4590 155.8/ 1.9998 n.a. n.a. 836.23865 17.651939 -53.01731 2024-Oct-31 00:30 01 02 54.60 +35 09 42.1 321.146222 16.127646 n.a. n.a. 0.993041218816 -3.9495871 0.00021609420454 -3.1403560 152.4934 /T 27.5008 153.7/ 1.9753 n.a. n.a. 940.09891 17.842544 -51.97427 2024-Oct-31 00:40 01 07 10.12 +37 48 34.1 322.248822 13.444164 n.a. n.a. 0.993024987068 -4.1517956 0.00020335339518 -3.2162938 151.1096 /T 28.8847 151.2/ 1.9512 n.a. n.a. 1067.7784 18.044622 -50.78156 2024-Oct-31 00:50 01 12 17.00 +40 49 51.7 323.787204 10.660126 n.a. n.a. 0.993007890604 -4.3817921 0.00019030352382 -3.2942985 149.2932 /T 30.7011 148.3/ 1.9275 n.a. n.a. 1227.4100 18.282950 -49.39891 2024-Oct-31 01:00 01 18 35.58 +44 19 23.3 325.860367 7.752129 n.a. n.a. 0.992989805969 -4.6458466 0.00017694072190 -3.3719076 146.9259 /T 33.0685 144.9/ 1.9041 n.a. n.a. 1430.8510 18.604902 -47.77115 2024-Oct-31 01:10 01 26 40.36 +48 25 05.4 328.608877 4.686618 n.a. n.a. 0.992970581186 -4.9519857 0.00016327498393 -3.4444444 143.8483 /T 36.1461 140.8/ 1.8811 n.a. n.a. 1695.7937 19.105009 -45.82095 2024-Oct-31 01:20 01 37 36.29 +53 17 57.3 332.236789 1.415289 n.a. n.a. 0.992950028027 -5.3103075 0.00014934249727 -3.5030846 139.8397 /T 40.1548 135.9/ 1.8585 n.a. n.a. 2049.2020 19.987194 -43.43750 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Oct-31 17:20 C 22 17 40.48 -36 17 49.7 133.938747 69.820957 n.a. n.a. 0.992826373763 0.4429653 0.00082376478060 1.1663676 102.9850 /T 76.9688 110.9/ 0.7511 n.a. n.a. 43.766725 6.0831028 69.511818 2024-Oct-31 17:30 C 22 17 43.97 -36 10 32.9 137.330062 71.497270 n.a. n.a. 0.992828134682 0.4395828 0.00082844138671 1.1675272 103.0477 /T 76.9059 110.9/ 0.7384 n.a. n.a. 44.255648 5.2687780 69.213671 2024-Oct-31 17:40 N 22 17 47.02 -36 03 10.5 141.498863 73.072885 n.a. n.a. 0.992829882062 0.4361973 0.00083312346664 1.1690716 103.1098 /T 76.8436 110.9/ 0.7256 n.a. n.a. 44.759415 4.5809603 68.914752 2024-Oct-31 17:50 N 22 17 49.70 -35 55 42.7 146.608820 74.514153 n.a. n.a. 0.992831615895 0.4328096 0.00083781250365 1.1709710 103.1715 /T 76.7816 110.9/ 0.7127 n.a. n.a. 45.272557 4.0148402 68.617103 2024-Oct-31 18:00 A 22 17 52.08 -35 48 09.4 152.819156 75.777316 n.a. n.a. 0.992833336171 0.4294200 0.00084250985972 1.1731948 103.2330 /T 76.7198 110.9/ 0.6998 n.a. n.a. 45.790279 3.5653063 68.322443 2024-Oct-31 18:10 A 22 17 54.22 -35 40 30.8 160.232091 76.808333 n.a. n.a. 0.992835042885 0.4260293 0.00084721677362 1.1757121 103.2946 /T 76.6581 110.9/ 0.6868 n.a. n.a. 46.308428 3.2270958 68.032183 2024-Oct-31 18:20 A 22 17 56.20 -35 32 46.8 168.805332 77.546784 n.a. n.a. 0.992836736033 0.4226378 0.00085193435930 1.1784916 103.3562 /T 76.5961 110.9/ 0.6738 n.a. n.a. 46.823455 2.9949110 67.747438 2024-Oct-31 18:30 22 17 58.07 -35 24 57.6 178.259226 77.936433 n.a. n.a. 0.992838415615 0.4192462 0.00085666360460 1.1815018 103.4183 /T 76.5339 110.9/ 0.6607 n.a. n.a. 47.332372 2.8635050 67.469049 2024-Oct-31 18:40 t 22 17 59.92 -35 17 03.3 188.061561 77.941354 n.a. n.a. 0.992840081629 0.4158548 0.00086140537008 1.1847107 103.4808 /T 76.4711 110.9/ 0.6475 n.a. n.a. 47.832711 2.8277438 67.197602 2024-Oct-31 18:50 22 18 01.78 -35 09 04.1 197.562001 77.559396 n.a. n.a. 0.992841734080 0.4124643 0.00086616038828 1.1880865 103.5441 /T 76.4076 110.9/ 0.6344 n.a. n.a. 48.322479 2.8826470 66.933451 2024-Oct-31 19:00 22 18 03.73 -35 01 00.1 206.213869 76.822847 n.a. n.a. 0.992843372970 0.4090750 0.00087092926328 1.1915970 103.6081 /T 76.3432 110.9/ 0.6212 n.a. n.a. 48.800118 3.0234136 66.676742 2024-Oct-31 19:10 22 18 05.83 -34 52 51.4 213.718742 75.785763 n.a. n.a. 0.992844998306 0.4056874 0.00087571247042 1.1952101 103.6732 /T 76.2779 110.9/ 0.6080 n.a. n.a. 49.264464 3.2454345 66.427429 2024-Oct-31 19:20 22 18 08.13 -34 44 38.3 220.020353 74.507738 n.a. n.a. 0.992846610096 0.4023019 0.00088051035648 1.1988939 103.7395 /T 76.2114 110.8/ 0.5948 n.a. n.a. 49.714708 3.5442964 66.185305 2024-Oct-31 19:30 22 18 10.68 -34 36 21.0 225.213975 73.042780 n.a. n.a. 0.992848208350 0.3989190 0.00088532313993 1.2026164 103.8070 /T 76.1436 110.8/ 0.5817 n.a. n.a. 50.150357 3.9157782 65.950014 2024-Oct-31 19:40 22 18 13.54 -34 27 59.6 229.456952 71.434932 n.a. n.a. 0.992849793077 0.3955389 0.00089015091175 1.2063460 103.8759 /T 76.0744 110.8/ 0.5685 n.a. n.a. 50.571205 4.3558431 65.721077 2024-Oct-31 19:50 22 18 16.76 -34 19 34.4 232.913651 69.718176 n.a. n.a. 0.992851364292 0.3921622 0.00089499363629 1.2100512 103.9464 /T 76.0037 110.8/ 0.5554 n.a. n.a. 50.977293 4.8606267 65.497903 2024-Oct-31 20:00 22 18 20.38 -34 11 05.6 235.730778 67.918080 n.a. n.a. 0.992852922008 0.3887890 0.00089985115250 1.2137009 104.0185 /T 75.9313 110.8/ 0.5424 n.a. n.a. 51.368879 5.4264239 65.279815 2024-Oct-31 20:10 22 18 24.46 -34 02 33.5 238.030256 66.053740 n.a. n.a. 0.992854466239 0.3854199 0.00090472317554 1.2172645 104.0924 /T 75.8571 110.8/ 0.5294 n.a. n.a. 51.746411 6.0496742 65.066058 2024-Oct-31 20:20 22 18 29.03 -33 53 58.3 239.910023 64.139467 n.a. n.a. 0.992855997004 0.3820550 0.00090960929846 1.2207118 104.1682 /T 75.7811 110.8/ 0.5165 n.a. n.a. 52.110494 6.7269472 64.855817 2024-Oct-31 20:30 22 18 34.14 -33 45 20.4 241.447584 62.186076 n.a. n.a. 0.992857514320 0.3786947 0.00091450899426 1.2240131 104.2460 /T 75.7031 110.8/ 0.5037 n.a. n.a. 52.461869 7.4549277 64.648231 2024-Oct-31 20:40 22 18 39.82 -33 36 39.9 242.703982 60.201848 n.a. n.a. 0.992859018205 0.3753392 0.00091942161821 1.2271394 104.3258 /T 75.6230 110.8/ 0.4909 n.a. n.a. 52.801381 8.2304030 64.442401 2024-Oct-31 20:50 22 18 46.12 -33 27 57.1 243.727346 58.193209 n.a. n.a. 0.992860508680 0.3719889 0.00092434641037 1.2300624 104.4078 /T 75.5407 110.8/ 0.4783 n.a. n.a. 53.129959 9.0502497 64.237405 2024-Oct-31 21:00 22 18 53.06 -33 19 12.4 244.555774 56.165220 n.a. n.a. 0.992861985766 0.3686438 0.00092928249832 1.2327542 104.4920 /T 75.4563 110.8/ 0.4657 n.a. n.a. 53.448590 9.9114230 64.032309 2024-Oct-31 21:10 22 19 00.68 -33 10 26.0 245.219598 54.121929 n.a. n.a. 0.992863449485 0.3653043 0.00093422890020 1.2351881 104.5785 /T 75.3695 110.8/ 0.4533 n.a. n.a. 53.758302 10.810947 63.826171 2024-Oct-31 21:20 22 19 09.00 -33 01 38.2 245.743120 52.066620 n.a. n.a. 0.992864899858 0.3619704 0.00093918452785 1.2373379 104.6674 /T 75.2804 110.8/ 0.4410 n.a. n.a. 54.060138 11.745908 63.618053 2024-Oct-31 21:30 22 19 18.06 -32 52 49.3 246.145939 50.002000 n.a. n.a. 0.992866336910 0.3586425 0.00094414819021 1.2391784 104.7586 /T 75.1889 110.8/ 0.4288 n.a. n.a. 54.355143 12.713446 63.407028 2024-Oct-31 21:40 22 19 27.88 -32 43 59.6 246.443959 47.930333 n.a. n.a. 0.992867760665 0.3553206 0.00094911859695 1.2406854 104.8523 /T 75.0949 110.8/ 0.4168 n.a. n.a. 54.644341 13.710754 63.192187 2024-Oct-31 21:50 22 19 38.48 -32 35 09.5 246.650162 45.853539 n.a. n.a. 0.992869171146 0.3520047 0.00095409436214 1.2418354 104.9485 /T 74.9985 110.8/ 0.4049 n.a. n.a. 54.928722 14.735069 62.972642 2024-Oct-31 22:00 22 19 49.88 -32 26 19.1 246.775200 43.773271 n.a. n.a. 0.992870568380 0.3486952 0.00095907400811 1.2426061 105.0473 /T 74.8995 110.8/ 0.3932 n.a. n.a. 55.209229 15.783680 62.747535 2024-Oct-31 22:10 22 20 02.10 -32 17 28.8 246.827866 41.690980 n.a. n.a. 0.992871952705 0.3455468 0.00096405633658 1.2431561 105.1486 /T 74.7979 110.8/ 0.3816 n.a. n.a. 55.496151 16.858109 62.515447 2024-Oct-31 22:20 22 20 15.15 -32 08 38.8 246.815431 39.607949 n.a. n.a. 0.992873324413 0.3423816 0.00096904000329 1.2432577 105.2525 /T 74.6937 110.9/ 0.3703 n.a. n.a. 55.779356 17.950526 62.276321 2024-Oct-31 22:30 22 20 29.06 -31 59 49.4 246.743907 37.525320 n.a. n.a. 0.992874683416 0.3391912 0.00097402314777 1.2428817 105.3591 /T 74.5869 110.9/ 0.3591 n.a. n.a. 56.059073 19.058270 62.029426 2024-Oct-31 22:40 22 20 43.82 -31 51 01.0 246.618282 35.444129 n.a. n.a. 0.992876029601 0.3359704 0.00097900380385 1.2420040 105.4682 /T 74.4775 110.9/ 0.3481 n.a. n.a. 56.335640 20.178855 61.774053 2024-Oct-31 22:50 22 20 59.46 -31 42 13.8 246.442693 33.365334 n.a. n.a. 0.992877362842 0.3327165 0.00098397991648 1.2406043 105.5800 /T 74.3655 110.9/ 0.3373 n.a. n.a. 56.609473 21.309938 61.509520 2024-Oct-31 23:00 22 21 15.96 -31 33 28.2 246.220566 31.289825 n.a. n.a. 0.992878683004 0.3294298 0.00098894935909 1.2386673 105.6943 /T 74.2509 110.9/ 0.3267 n.a. n.a. 56.881054 22.449308 61.235180 2024-Oct-31 23:10 22 21 33.34 -31 24 44.4 245.954723 29.218445 n.a. n.a. 0.992879989962 0.3261132 0.00099390995114 1.2361814 105.8113 /T 74.1338 111.0/ 0.3163 n.a. n.a. 57.150925 23.594869 60.950418 2024-Oct-31 23:20 22 21 51.59 -31 16 02.7 245.647475 27.152001 n.a. n.a. 0.992881283605 0.3227720 0.00099885947460 1.2331394 105.9307 /T 74.0140 111.0/ 0.3061 n.a. n.a. 57.419650 24.744616 60.654663 2024-Oct-31 23:30 22 22 10.73 -31 07 23.4 245.300690 25.091274 n.a. n.a. 0.992882563849 0.3194131 0.00100379568863 1.2295371 106.0528 /T 73.8918 111.0/ 0.2961 n.a. n.a. 57.687789 25.896625 60.347389 2024-Oct-31 23:40 22 22 30.73 -30 58 46.8 244.915854 23.037027 n.a. n.a. 0.992883830637 0.3160446 0.00100871634166 1.2253731 106.1773 /T 73.7670 111.0/ 0.2863 n.a. n.a. 57.955854 27.049032 60.028123 2024-Oct-31 23:50 22 22 51.61 -30 50 13.0 244.494114 20.990014 n.a. n.a. 0.992885083950 0.3126755 0.00101361918062 1.2206480 106.3043 /T 73.6398 111.1/ 0.2768 n.a. n.a. 58.224263 28.200027 59.696444 2024-Nov-01 00:00 22 23 13.35 -30 41 42.5 244.036320 18.950991 n.a. n.a. 0.992886323802 0.3093141 0.00101850195706 1.2153634 106.4337 /T 73.5101 111.1/ 0.2674 n.a. n.a. 58.493309 29.347850 59.351991 $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************