API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Nov 03, 2024 MMS-2 Spacecraft / (Earth) -140483 https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mms/index.html MMS 2 Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission: the second of four identically instrumented space physics spacecraft studying the Earth's magnetosphere. Octagonal in shape; 2.5-m wide, 1.2-m high, spinning at 3 rpm during science operations. Eight deployable booms: four 60-meter wire booms, two 12.5 meter booms, two 5-m booms. Mass: 1250 kg; 318 W power generation; S-band communications. NOTE: The spacecraft may be maneuvered frequently. Therefore, the JSpOC TLE-based trajectory provided here may at times depart from the actual trajectory. This can happen because TLEs do not model thruster firings; the TLE trajectory solutions must be reinitialized after each event. Launched: 2015-Mar-13 02:44 UTC (Atlas V, Cape Canaveral, USA) ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Mon Nov 4 03:40:09 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: MMS-2 (spacecraft) (-140483) {source: MMS-2} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: El Berrueco ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Oct-31 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Nov-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 356.4134, 40.8833094, 1.06361 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 356.4134,4829.88693,4153.33056 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.241101.p250128 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-NOV-01. PREDICTS-> 2025-JAN-27 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE 2024-Oct-31 00:00 01 08 07.91 +19 18 05.2 222.467278 63.200079 n.a. n.a. 0.993085654293 -3.4657954 0.00023388329044 -3.3230205 161.7113 /T 18.2842 170.4/ 2.0496 n.a. n.a. 608.59356 29.193368 -62.62496 2024-Oct-31 00:10 01 11 52.37 +20 51 31.7 227.153656 63.645498 n.a. n.a. 0.993071475340 -3.6100257 0.00022039701590 -3.4055805 162.1030 /T 17.8928 169.0/ 2.0248 n.a. n.a. 680.53482 29.711144 -61.96946 2024-Oct-31 00:20 01 16 11.71 +22 35 58.8 231.966659 64.191822 n.a. n.a. 0.993056686777 -3.7702785 0.00020656687123 -3.4946613 162.3517 /T 17.6445 167.4/ 2.0002 n.a. n.a. 768.88950 30.287803 -61.21564 2024-Oct-31 00:30 01 21 16.03 +24 33 58.1 236.989581 64.887176 n.a. n.a. 0.993041218504 -3.9495908 0.00019236628888 -3.5904323 162.3756 /T 17.6208 165.4/ 1.9759 n.a. n.a. 879.46799 30.944223 -60.33406 2024-Oct-31 00:40 01 27 20.04 +26 48 54.7 242.362455 65.792249 n.a. n.a. 0.993024986714 -4.1518002 0.00017776883163 -3.6926025 162.0588 /T 17.9379 163.1/ 1.9518 n.a. n.a. 1020.9820 31.714577 -59.28243 2024-Oct-31 00:50 01 34 46.27 +29 25 32.2 248.329919 66.983768 n.a. n.a. 0.993007890201 -4.3817978 0.00016275096526 -3.7998956 161.2411 /T 18.7558 160.3/ 1.9279 n.a. n.a. 1206.9771 32.656694 -57.99801 2024-Oct-31 01:00 01 44 11.15 +32 30 32.6 255.349265 68.556071 n.a. n.a. 0.992989805509 -4.6458535 0.00014729795487 -3.9089403 159.7084 /T 20.2886 156.9/ 1.9044 n.a. n.a. 1459.4148 33.873245 -56.38411 2024-Oct-31 01:10 01 56 38.10 +36 13 38.4 264.361007 70.609235 n.a. n.a. 0.992970580660 -4.9519945 0.00013141651376 -4.0118254 157.1739 /T 22.8232 152.6/ 1.8811 n.a. n.a. 1815.6255 35.558971 -54.28507 2024-Oct-31 01:20 02 14 08.73 +40 48 57.6 277.534938 73.168810 n.a. n.a. 0.992950027422 -5.3103185 0.00011516275891 -4.0904283 153.2315 /T 26.7656 147.1/ 1.8580 n.a. n.a. 2342.3789 38.117849 -51.43743 2024-Oct-31 01:30 02 41 08.14 +46 35 50.0 300.161265 75.764638 n.a. n.a. 0.992927913110 -5.7327954 0.00009870681758 -4.1025087 147.2458 /L 32.7512 139.8/ 1.8353 n.a. n.a. 3164.7218 42.495654 -47.37102 2024-Oct-31 01:40 e 03 28 58.88 +53 49 59.6 339.144156 75.761026 n.a. n.a. 0.992903956397 -6.2310534 0.00008248963139 -3.9462518 138.1190 /L 41.8779 129.5/ 1.8128 n.a. n.a. 4518.8984 51.278645 -41.20935 2024-Oct-31 01:50 t 05 10 47.73 +61 21 18.0 18.406358 67.689876 n.a. n.a. 0.992877843004 -6.8074012 0.00006761039723 -3.3752432 123.9087 /L 56.0880 114.3/ 1.7907 n.a. n.a. 6781.0285 72.291704 -31.34053 2024-Oct-31 02:00 08 24 20.07 +60 04 59.8 41.401765 48.942599 n.a. n.a. 0.992849311467 -7.4253038 0.00005664547653 -1.8951343 101.8739 /L 78.1228 91.3/ 1.7688 n.a. n.a. 9963.5783 114.01196 -15.52267 2024-Oct-31 02:10 10 56 53.14 +39 59 54.5 54.977316 21.169230 n.a. n.a. 0.992818444987 -7.9305019 0.00005407640739 0.7541966 72.0235 /L 107.9732 60.5/ 1.7473 n.a. n.a. 11768.896 142.51551 5.5987029 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Oct-31 17:20 C 22 20 17.48 -38 13 25.9 150.588351 3.529733 n.a. n.a. 0.992826373710 0.4429654 0.00086008696271 1.0860983 102.4915 /T 77.4602 109.4/ 0.7200 n.a. n.a. 43.428953 21.074990 67.426220 2024-Oct-31 17:30 C 22 20 30.18 -38 06 40.6 152.257572 4.517394 n.a. n.a. 0.992828134629 0.4395829 0.00086443201337 1.0824571 102.5774 /T 77.3741 109.4/ 0.7096 n.a. n.a. 43.314389 19.666290 67.309076 2024-Oct-31 17:40 N 22 20 42.01 -37 59 52.5 153.961723 5.460077 n.a. n.a. 0.992829882011 0.4361974 0.00086876347071 1.0792990 102.6612 /T 77.2901 109.5/ 0.6991 n.a. n.a. 43.263117 18.326524 67.171393 2024-Oct-31 17:50 N 22 20 53.03 -37 53 01.6 155.700310 6.355814 n.a. n.a. 0.992831615844 0.4328097 0.00087308323575 1.0766058 102.7432 /T 77.2079 109.5/ 0.6886 n.a. n.a. 43.269618 17.061732 67.015082 2024-Oct-31 18:00 N 22 21 03.29 -37 46 07.6 157.472667 7.202649 n.a. n.a. 0.992833336121 0.4294201 0.00087739313421 1.0743582 102.8235 /T 77.1274 109.5/ 0.6779 n.a. n.a. 43.328362 15.876852 66.842158 2024-Oct-31 18:10 N 22 21 12.86 -37 39 10.3 159.277941 7.998657 n.a. n.a. 0.992835042836 0.4260294 0.00088169491372 1.0725364 102.9022 /T 77.0484 109.5/ 0.6672 n.a. n.a. 43.433890 14.775729 66.654689 2024-Oct-31 18:20 A 22 21 21.79 -37 32 09.8 161.115081 8.741951 n.a. n.a. 0.992836735986 0.4226379 0.00088599024093 1.0711200 102.9797 /T 76.9707 109.6/ 0.6564 n.a. n.a. 43.580878 13.761168 66.454745 2024-Oct-31 18:30 A 22 21 30.13 -37 25 05.9 162.982836 9.430702 n.a. n.a. 0.992838415568 0.4192463 0.00089028069879 1.0700877 103.0560 /T 76.8942 109.6/ 0.6455 n.a. n.a. 43.764191 12.835005 66.244355 2024-Oct-31 18:40 A 22 21 37.96 -37 17 58.6 164.879747 10.063150 n.a. n.a. 0.992840081584 0.4158549 0.00089456778416 1.0694177 103.1312 /T 76.8187 109.6/ 0.6345 n.a. n.a. 43.978931 11.998202 66.025473 2024-Oct-31 18:50 22 21 45.31 -37 10 47.7 166.804144 10.637617 n.a. n.a. 0.992841734035 0.4124644 0.00089885290522 1.0690877 103.2056 /T 76.7440 109.6/ 0.6235 n.a. n.a. 44.220473 11.250942 65.799939 2024-Oct-31 19:00 22 21 52.24 -37 03 33.3 168.754155 11.152530 n.a. n.a. 0.992843372926 0.4090751 0.00090313737948 1.0690749 103.2794 /T 76.6701 109.6/ 0.6125 n.a. n.a. 44.484493 10.592739 65.569461 2024-Oct-31 19:10 22 21 58.82 -36 56 15.3 170.727702 11.606430 n.a. n.a. 0.992844998263 0.4056875 0.00090742243158 1.0693557 103.3526 /T 76.5967 109.6/ 0.6014 n.a. n.a. 44.766983 10.022540 65.335596 2024-Oct-31 19:20 22 22 05.10 -36 48 53.6 172.722522 11.997989 n.a. n.a. 0.992846610055 0.4023020 0.00091170919155 1.0699065 103.4254 /T 76.5236 109.6/ 0.5902 n.a. n.a. 45.064263 9.5388234 65.099734 2024-Oct-31 19:30 22 22 11.12 -36 41 28.4 174.736174 12.326023 n.a. n.a. 0.992848208309 0.3989191 0.00091599869310 1.0707030 103.4980 /T 76.4508 109.6/ 0.5791 n.a. n.a. 45.372985 9.1396880 64.863095 2024-Oct-31 19:40 22 22 16.94 -36 33 59.7 176.766059 12.589508 n.a. n.a. 0.992849793038 0.3955390 0.00092029187215 1.0717206 103.5705 /T 76.3781 109.6/ 0.5679 n.a. n.a. 45.690126 8.8229358 64.626724 2024-Oct-31 19:50 22 22 22.61 -36 26 27.4 178.809445 12.787590 n.a. n.a. 0.992851364254 0.3921623 0.00092458956563 1.0729346 103.6430 /T 76.3053 109.7/ 0.5567 n.a. n.a. 46.012989 8.5861417 64.391493 2024-Oct-31 20:00 t 22 22 28.19 -36 18 51.7 180.863491 12.919593 n.a. n.a. 0.992852921970 0.3887891 0.00092889251036 1.0743200 103.7158 /T 76.2323 109.7/ 0.5455 n.a. n.a. 46.339186 8.4267144 64.158103 2024-Oct-31 20:10 22 22 33.72 -36 11 12.6 182.925276 12.985030 n.a. n.a. 0.992854466203 0.3854200 0.00093320134224 1.0758513 103.7888 /T 76.1590 109.7/ 0.5343 n.a. n.a. 46.666627 8.3419472 63.927096 2024-Oct-31 20:20 e 22 22 39.25 -36 03 30.1 184.991829 12.983606 n.a. n.a. 0.992855996969 0.3820551 0.00093751659571 1.0775034 103.8623 /T 76.0853 109.7/ 0.5231 n.a. n.a. 46.993509 8.3290596 63.698857 2024-Oct-31 20:30 22 22 44.82 -35 55 44.5 187.060163 12.915225 n.a. n.a. 0.992857514285 0.3786948 0.00094183870317 1.0792507 103.9364 /T 76.0110 109.7/ 0.5119 n.a. n.a. 47.318293 8.3852314 63.473627 2024-Oct-31 20:40 22 22 50.48 -35 47 55.8 189.127309 12.779983 n.a. n.a. 0.992859018172 0.3753393 0.00094616799497 1.0810677 104.0112 /T 75.9360 109.7/ 0.5008 n.a. n.a. 47.639690 8.5076288 63.251517 2024-Oct-31 20:50 22 22 56.28 -35 40 04.1 191.190348 12.578176 n.a. n.a. 0.992860508648 0.3719889 0.00095050469938 1.0829291 104.0867 /T 75.8602 109.7/ 0.4897 n.a. n.a. 47.956645 8.6934246 63.032513 2024-Oct-31 21:00 22 23 02.26 -35 32 09.5 193.246441 12.310285 n.a. n.a. 0.992861985735 0.3686439 0.00095484894284 1.0848096 104.1632 /T 75.7836 109.7/ 0.4786 n.a. n.a. 48.268315 8.9398139 62.816490 2024-Oct-31 21:10 22 23 08.45 -35 24 12.3 195.292862 11.976977 n.a. n.a. 0.992863449454 0.3653043 0.00095920075044 1.0866838 104.2407 /T 75.7059 109.7/ 0.4676 n.a. n.a. 48.574052 9.2440240 62.603225 2024-Oct-31 21:20 22 23 14.90 -35 16 12.5 197.327025 11.579092 n.a. n.a. 0.992864899829 0.3619705 0.00096356004660 1.0885269 104.3192 /T 75.6271 109.7/ 0.4567 n.a. n.a. 48.873385 9.6033225 62.392408 2024-Oct-31 21:30 22 23 21.65 -35 08 10.3 199.346506 11.117635 n.a. n.a. 0.992866336882 0.3586426 0.00096792665610 1.0903142 104.3990 /T 75.5471 109.7/ 0.4458 n.a. n.a. 49.166004 10.015021 62.183650 2024-Oct-31 21:40 22 23 28.73 -35 00 05.9 201.349066 10.593758 n.a. n.a. 0.992867760638 0.3553206 0.00097230030498 1.0920211 104.4801 /T 75.4658 109.7/ 0.4350 n.a. n.a. 49.451740 10.476479 61.976497 2024-Oct-31 21:50 22 23 36.17 -34 51 59.6 203.332665 10.008751 n.a. n.a. 0.992869171120 0.3520048 0.00097668062207 1.0936236 104.5625 /T 75.3831 109.7/ 0.4243 n.a. n.a. 49.730547 10.985102 61.770437 2024-Oct-31 22:00 22 23 44.01 -34 43 51.4 205.295477 9.364027 n.a. n.a. 0.992870568354 0.3486952 0.00098106714040 1.0950980 104.6464 /T 75.2990 109.7/ 0.4136 n.a. n.a. 50.002489 11.538343 61.564913 2024-Oct-31 22:10 22 23 52.29 -34 35 41.5 207.235895 8.661118 n.a. n.a. 0.992871952681 0.3455469 0.00098545966021 1.0965983 104.7318 /T 75.2134 109.7/ 0.4031 n.a. n.a. 50.277161 12.138603 61.358685 2024-Oct-31 22:20 22 24 01.03 -34 27 30.1 209.152538 7.901646 n.a. n.a. 0.992873324389 0.3423817 0.00098985782800 1.0978974 104.8188 /T 75.1262 109.7/ 0.3927 n.a. n.a. 50.543797 12.777514 61.151933 2024-Oct-31 22:30 22 24 10.26 -34 19 17.4 211.044258 7.087291 n.a. n.a. 0.992874683393 0.3391913 0.00099426076981 1.0989635 104.9074 /T 75.0373 109.7/ 0.3824 n.a. n.a. 50.802216 13.452479 60.944016 2024-Oct-31 22:40 22 24 20.00 -34 11 03.7 212.910128 6.219791 n.a. n.a. 0.992876029579 0.3359704 0.00099866749364 1.0997688 104.9978 /T 74.9467 109.8/ 0.3722 n.a. n.a. 51.052486 14.161073 60.734260 2024-Oct-31 22:50 22 24 30.28 -34 02 49.2 214.749444 5.300931 n.a. n.a. 0.992877362821 0.3327165 0.00100307690368 1.1002894 105.0899 /T 74.8543 109.8/ 0.3622 n.a. n.a. 51.294879 14.901010 60.521968 2024-Oct-31 23:00 22 24 41.12 -33 54 34.1 216.561710 4.332527 n.a. n.a. 0.992878682984 0.3294298 0.00100748781590 1.1005052 105.1839 /T 74.7602 109.8/ 0.3523 n.a. n.a. 51.529860 15.670130 60.306430 2024-Oct-31 23:10 22 24 52.54 -33 46 18.7 218.346634 3.316418 n.a. n.a. 0.992879989943 0.3261133 0.00101189897324 1.1003999 105.2796 /T 74.6642 109.8/ 0.3425 n.a. n.a. 51.758063 16.466375 60.086928 2024-Oct-31 23:20 22 25 04.55 -33 38 03.2 220.104116 2.254448 n.a. n.a. 0.992881283587 0.3227721 0.00101630906020 1.0999607 105.3772 /T 74.5664 109.8/ 0.3329 n.a. n.a. 51.980255 17.287769 59.862750 2024-Oct-31 23:30 22 25 17.18 -33 29 47.9 221.834237 1.148465 n.a. n.a. 0.992882563831 0.3194131 0.00102071671555 1.0991774 105.4767 /T 74.4667 109.8/ 0.3234 n.a. n.a. 52.197298 18.132391 59.633196 2024-Oct-31 23:40 22 25 30.43 -33 21 32.9 223.537244 0.000302 n.a. n.a. 0.992883830620 0.3160447 0.00102512054276 1.0980425 105.5780 /T 74.3652 109.8/ 0.3141 n.a. n.a. 52.410093 18.998350 59.397585 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************