API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Dec 10, 2024 MMS-2 Spacecraft / (Earth) -140483 https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mms/index.html MMS 2 Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission: the second of four identically instrumented space physics spacecraft studying the Earth's magnetosphere. Octagonal in shape; 2.5-m wide, 1.2-m high, spinning at 3 rpm during science operations. Eight deployable booms: four 60-meter wire booms, two 12.5 meter booms, two 5-m booms. Mass: 1250 kg; 318 W power generation; S-band communications. NOTE: The spacecraft may be maneuvered frequently. Therefore, the JSpOC TLE-based trajectory provided here may at times depart from the actual trajectory. This can happen because TLEs do not model thruster firings; the TLE trajectory solutions must be reinitialized after each event. Launched: 2015-Mar-13 02:44 UTC (Atlas V, Cape Canaveral, USA) ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Thu Dec 12 03:56:55 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: MMS-2 (spacecraft) (-140483) {source: MMS-2} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: SATINO Remote Observatory, Haute Provence ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Nov-30 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 5.7124, 43.9320269, .703985 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 5.7124, 4601.22659, 4403.14405 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.241211.p250309 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-DEC-11. PREDICTS-> 2025-MAR-08 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Nov-30 16:10 C 23 37 19.29 -14 39 02.6 141.438275 22.776609 n.a. n.a. 0.986353945928 0.0412833 0.00106175380907 -0.9305797 100.1360 /T 79.8031 106.2/ 0.5921 n.a. n.a. 30.808917 9.2056043 -66.97899 2024-Nov-30 16:20 C 23 37 22.46 -14 33 56.4 143.742818 23.943539 n.a. n.a. 0.986354106563 0.0398895 0.00105802323289 -0.9275603 100.1776 /T 79.7617 106.1/ 0.5838 n.a. n.a. 31.139045 7.9589810 -66.76399 2024-Nov-30 16:30 C 23 37 25.21 -14 28 45.8 146.104028 25.054327 n.a. n.a. 0.986354261567 0.0384734 0.00105430536602 -0.9242310 100.2183 /T 79.7212 106.1/ 0.5753 n.a. n.a. 31.496629 6.7996530 -66.52432 2024-Nov-30 16:40 N 23 37 27.57 -14 23 30.9 148.522219 26.105667 n.a. n.a. 0.986354410852 0.0370346 0.00105060140728 -0.9206139 100.2581 /T 79.6817 106.1/ 0.5668 n.a. n.a. 31.878882 5.7301914 -66.26225 2024-Nov-30 16:50 N 23 37 29.57 -14 18 11.4 150.997212 27.094224 n.a. n.a. 0.986354554323 0.0355726 0.00104691246520 -0.9167318 100.2971 /T 79.6429 106.1/ 0.5582 n.a. n.a. 32.283049 4.7523479 -65.98004 2024-Nov-30 17:00 N 23 37 31.23 -14 12 47.4 153.528269 28.016668 n.a. n.a. 0.986354691889 0.0340869 0.00104323955503 -0.9126085 100.3353 /T 79.6049 106.1/ 0.5496 n.a. n.a. 32.706448 3.8671405 -65.67991 2024-Nov-30 17:10 A 23 37 32.58 -14 07 18.8 156.114045 28.869705 n.a. n.a. 0.986354823452 0.0325771 0.00103958359574 -0.9082683 100.3730 /T 79.5674 106.0/ 0.5409 n.a. n.a. 33.146503 3.0749451 -65.36400 2024-Nov-30 17:20 A 23 37 33.65 -14 01 45.5 158.752545 29.650121 n.a. n.a. 0.986354948914 0.0310428 0.00103594540718 -0.9037362 100.4103 /T 79.5304 106.0/ 0.5322 n.a. n.a. 33.600776 2.3755869 -65.03438 2024-Nov-30 17:30 A 23 37 34.48 -13 56 07.4 161.441082 30.354823 n.a. n.a. 0.986355068178 0.0294834 0.00103232570770 -0.8990378 100.4471 /T 79.4937 106.0/ 0.5234 n.a. n.a. 34.066986 1.7684271 -64.69306 2024-Nov-30 17:40 A 23 37 35.08 -13 50 24.4 164.176269 30.980892 n.a. n.a. 0.986355181140 0.0278985 0.00102872511169 -0.8941993 100.4837 /T 79.4573 105.9/ 0.5146 n.a. n.a. 34.543035 1.2524448 -64.34193 2024-Nov-30 17:50 23 37 35.50 -13 44 36.6 166.954013 31.525625 n.a. n.a. 0.986355287697 0.0262876 0.00102514412740 -0.8892474 100.5202 /T 79.4211 105.9/ 0.5058 n.a. n.a. 35.027018 0.8263091 -63.98280 2024-Nov-30 18:00 23 37 35.76 -13 38 43.9 169.769538 31.986594 n.a. n.a. 0.986355387744 0.0246500 0.00102158315520 -0.8842092 100.5567 /T 79.3848 105.9/ 0.4969 n.a. n.a. 35.517239 0.4884431 -63.61736 2024-Nov-30 18:10 23 37 35.89 -13 32 46.3 172.617434 32.361684 n.a. n.a. 0.986355481173 0.0229854 0.00101804248581 -0.8791123 100.5933 /T 79.3484 105.8/ 0.4881 n.a. n.a. 36.012217 0.2370776 -63.24723 2024-Nov-30 18:20 23 37 35.94 -13 26 43.7 175.491725 32.649145 n.a. n.a. 0.986355567873 0.0212930 0.00101452229889 -0.8739845 100.6301 /T 79.3118 105.8/ 0.4792 n.a. n.a. 36.510695 0.0702967 -62.87390 2024-Nov-30 18:30 23 37 35.94 -13 20 36.0 178.385963 32.847630 n.a. n.a. 0.986355647733 0.0195725 0.00101102266197 -0.8688538 100.6673 /T 79.2748 105.8/ 0.4703 n.a. n.a. 37.011639 359.98607 -62.49876 2024-Nov-30 18:40 t 23 37 35.91 -13 14 23.4 181.293341 32.956223 n.a. n.a. 0.986355720638 0.0178230 0.00100754352935 -0.8637486 100.7050 /T 79.2373 105.7/ 0.4615 n.a. n.a. 37.514244 359.98229 -62.12312 2024-Nov-30 18:50 e 23 37 35.91 -13 08 05.7 184.206825 32.974466 n.a. n.a. 0.986355786471 0.0160441 0.00100408474167 -0.8586973 100.7434 /T 79.1992 105.7/ 0.4527 n.a. n.a. 38.017929 0.0567877 -61.74817 2024-Nov-30 19:00 23 37 35.95 -13 01 43.0 187.119297 32.902369 n.a. n.a. 0.986355845112 0.0142351 0.00100064602533 -0.8537284 100.7825 /T 79.1603 105.7/ 0.4439 n.a. n.a. 38.522337 0.2073283 -61.37501 2024-Nov-30 19:10 23 37 36.08 -12 55 15.2 190.023696 32.740412 n.a. n.a. 0.986355896439 0.0123954 0.00099722699248 -0.8488703 100.8224 /T 79.1205 105.6/ 0.4351 n.a. n.a. 39.027333 0.4316513 -61.00466 2024-Nov-30 19:20 23 37 36.34 -12 48 42.4 192.913165 32.489536 n.a. n.a. 0.986355940328 0.0105243 0.00099382714111 -0.8441515 100.8634 /T 79.0797 105.6/ 0.4264 n.a. n.a. 39.532991 0.7274538 -60.63803 2024-Nov-30 19:30 23 37 36.75 -12 42 04.6 195.781182 32.151119 n.a. n.a. 0.986355976651 0.0086211 0.00099044585551 -0.8396002 100.9056 /T 79.0378 105.5/ 0.4177 n.a. n.a. 40.039595 1.0923949 -60.27596 2024-Nov-30 19:40 23 37 37.37 -12 35 21.7 198.621682 31.726955 n.a. n.a. 0.986356005278 0.0066851 0.00098708240686 -0.8352446 100.9490 /T 78.9946 105.5/ 0.4091 n.a. n.a. 40.547627 1.5240924 -59.91921 2024-Nov-30 19:50 23 37 38.21 -12 28 33.9 201.429150 31.219206 n.a. n.a. 0.986356026075 0.0047156 0.00098373595425 -0.8311124 100.9938 /T 78.9499 105.5/ 0.4006 n.a. n.a. 41.057755 2.0201171 -59.56844 2024-Nov-30 20:00 23 37 39.33 -12 21 41.0 204.198703 30.630367 n.a. n.a. 0.986356038907 0.0027118 0.00098040554582 -0.8272312 101.0402 /T 78.9037 105.4/ 0.3921 n.a. n.a. 41.570827 2.5779854 -59.22427 2024-Nov-30 20:10 23 37 40.75 -12 14 43.2 206.926137 29.963216 n.a. n.a. 0.986356043635 0.0006729 0.00097709012027 -0.8236279 101.0883 /T 78.8558 105.4/ 0.3837 n.a. n.a. 42.087854 3.1951518 -58.88723 2024-Nov-30 20:20 23 37 42.52 -12 07 40.5 209.607955 29.220763 n.a. n.a. 0.986356040115 -0.0014018 0.00097378850848 -0.8203293 101.1382 /T 78.8062 105.4/ 0.3754 n.a. n.a. 42.609997 3.8690005 -58.55779 2024-Nov-30 20:30 23 37 44.66 -12 00 32.9 212.241376 28.406204 n.a. n.a. 0.986356028203 -0.0035132 0.00097049943561 -0.8173614 101.1900 /T 78.7546 105.3/ 0.3672 n.a. n.a. 43.138554 4.5968374 -58.23636 2024-Nov-30 20:40 23 37 47.22 -11 53 20.5 214.824319 27.522870 n.a. n.a. 0.986356007750 -0.0056622 0.00096722152313 -0.8147499 101.2439 /T 78.7009 105.3/ 0.3592 n.a. n.a. 43.674942 5.3758837 -57.92331 2024-Nov-30 20:50 23 37 50.22 -11 46 03.2 217.355370 26.574186 n.a. n.a. 0.986355978602 -0.0078496 0.00096395329135 -0.8125195 101.2999 /T 78.6450 105.3/ 0.3512 n.a. n.a. 44.220680 6.2032706 -57.61895 2024-Nov-30 21:00 23 37 53.71 -11 38 41.2 219.833746 25.563627 n.a. n.a. 0.986355940604 -0.0100764 0.00096069316198 -0.8106946 101.3583 /T 78.5868 105.2/ 0.3433 n.a. n.a. 44.777372 7.0760356 -57.32357 2024-Nov-30 21:10 23 37 57.72 -11 31 14.4 222.259235 24.494684 n.a. n.a. 0.986355893596 -0.0123435 0.00095743946108 -0.8092985 101.4191 /T 78.5262 105.2/ 0.3356 n.a. n.a. 45.346686 7.9911220 -57.03740 2024-Nov-30 21:20 23 38 02.28 -11 23 43.0 224.632148 23.370831 n.a. n.a. 0.986355837414 -0.0146518 0.00095419042206 -0.8083541 101.4825 /T 78.4630 105.2/ 0.3281 n.a. n.a. 45.930336 8.9453807 -56.76067 2024-Nov-30 21:30 23 38 07.42 -11 16 06.9 226.953254 22.195498 n.a. n.a. 0.986355771891 -0.0170025 0.00095094418889 -0.8078831 101.5486 /T 78.3971 105.2/ 0.3206 n.a. n.a. 46.530060 9.9355742 -56.49357 2024-Nov-30 21:40 23 38 13.18 -11 08 26.2 229.223724 20.972053 n.a. n.a. 0.986355696854 -0.0193964 0.00094769881962 -0.8079066 101.6174 /T 78.3285 105.1/ 0.3134 n.a. n.a. 47.147605 10.958385 -56.23627 2024-Nov-30 21:50 23 38 19.59 -11 00 41.1 231.445070 19.703780 n.a. n.a. 0.986355612128 -0.0218348 0.00094445228986 -0.8084446 101.6892 /T 78.2569 105.1/ 0.3062 n.a. n.a. 47.784702 12.010425 -55.98897 2024-Nov-30 22:00 23 38 26.68 -10 52 51.4 233.619096 18.393872 n.a. n.a. 0.986355517532 -0.0243187 0.00094120249661 -0.8095162 101.7640 /T 78.1823 105.1/ 0.2993 n.a. n.a. 48.443048 13.088249 -55.75182 2024-Nov-30 22:10 23 38 34.47 -10 44 57.4 235.747842 17.045383 n.a. n.a. 0.986355411925 -0.0273197 0.00093794473455 -0.8123822 101.8418 /T 78.1047 105.1/ 0.2925 n.a. n.a. 49.100790 14.181780 -55.57875 2024-Nov-30 22:20 23 38 42.99 -10 36 59.2 237.833542 15.661265 n.a. n.a. 0.986355294291 -0.0303105 0.00093467459144 -0.8156556 101.9229 /T 78.0238 105.1/ 0.2859 n.a. n.a. 49.785980 15.295928 -55.40904 2024-Nov-30 22:30 23 38 52.28 -10 28 56.9 239.878598 14.244397 n.a. n.a. 0.986355164727 -0.0332652 0.00093139055472 -0.8192815 102.0072 /T 77.9397 105.1/ 0.2795 n.a. n.a. 50.501479 16.427306 -55.23977 2024-Nov-30 22:40 23 39 02.35 -10 20 50.3 241.885537 12.797552 n.a. n.a. 0.986355023416 -0.0361659 0.00092809128427 -0.8232263 102.0950 /T 77.8521 105.1/ 0.2732 n.a. n.a. 51.249635 17.572325 -55.06904 2024-Nov-30 22:50 23 39 13.24 -10 12 39.6 243.856985 11.323392 n.a. n.a. 0.986354870597 -0.0390026 0.00092477553486 -0.8274766 102.1863 /T 77.7611 105.1/ 0.2672 n.a. n.a. 52.032276 18.727277 -54.89598 2024-Nov-30 23:00 23 39 24.97 -10 04 24.7 245.795645 9.824474 n.a. n.a. 0.986354706533 -0.0417739 0.00092144207129 -0.8320407 102.2811 /T 77.6664 105.1/ 0.2613 n.a. n.a. 52.850671 19.888401 -54.72071 2024-Nov-30 23:10 23 39 37.57 -09 56 05.5 247.704273 8.303253 n.a. n.a. 0.986354531475 -0.0444868 0.00091808958231 -0.8369479 102.3797 /T 77.5680 105.1/ 0.2556 n.a. n.a. 53.705529 21.051962 -54.54436 2024-Nov-30 23:20 23 39 51.07 -09 47 42.1 249.585670 6.762084 n.a. n.a. 0.986354345629 -0.0471559 0.00091471660061 -0.8422462 102.4822 /T 77.4658 105.1/ 0.2502 n.a. n.a. 54.597039 22.214329 -54.36894 2024-Nov-30 23:30 23 40 05.49 -09 39 14.5 251.442664 5.203232 n.a. n.a. 0.986354149130 -0.0498025 0.00091132143368 -0.8479991 102.5885 /T 77.3596 105.1/ 0.2450 n.a. n.a. 55.524926 23.372041 -54.19712 2024-Nov-30 23:40 23 40 20.85 -09 30 42.7 253.278105 3.628876 n.a. n.a. 0.986353942018 -0.0524525 0.00090790211124 -0.8542809 102.6988 /T 77.2495 105.1/ 0.2399 n.a. n.a. 56.488545 24.521867 -54.03204 2024-Nov-30 23:50 23 40 37.17 -09 22 06.5 255.094861 2.041114 n.a. n.a. 0.986353724221 -0.0551349 0.00090445635201 -0.8611713 102.8133 /T 77.1353 105.1/ 0.2351 n.a. n.a. 57.486984 25.660839 -53.87706 2024-Dec-01 00:00 23 40 54.48 -09 13 26.2 256.895813 0.441976 n.a. n.a. 0.986353495550 -0.0578794 0.00090098155216 -0.8687504 102.9319 /T 77.0170 105.1/ 0.2305 n.a. n.a. 58.519175 26.786281 -53.73549 $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************