API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Dec 10, 2024 MMS-1 Spacecraft / (Earth) -140482 https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mms/index.html MMS 1 Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission: the first of four identically instrumented space physics spacecraft studying the Earth's magnetosphere. Octagonal in shape; 2.5-m wide, 1.2-m high, spinning at 3 rpm during science operations. Eight deployable booms: four 60-meter wire booms, two 12.5 meter booms, two 5-m booms. Mass: 1250 kg; 318 W power generation; S-band communications. NOTE: The spacecraft may be maneuvered frequently. Therefore, the JSpOC TLE-based trajectory provided here may at times depart from the actual trajectory. This can happen because TLEs do not model thruster firings; the TLE trajectory solutions must be reinitialized after each event. Launched: 2015-Mar-13 02:44 UTC (Atlas V, Cape Canaveral, USA) ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Thu Dec 12 02:07:54 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: MMS-1 (spacecraft) (-140482) {source: MMS-1} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: VdS Remote Observatory, Hakos ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Nov-30 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 16.3613, -23.2365766, 1.8515 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 16.3613,5865.52307,-2501.54567 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.241211.p250309 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-DEC-11. PREDICTS-> 2025-MAR-08 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Nov-30 17:40 C 23 37 01.24 -11 11 38.6 14.302608 77.459377 n.a. n.a. 0.986357905744 0.0243165 0.00100298532475 -0.8375143 101.4978 /T 78.4450 107.7/ 0.4853 n.a. n.a. 40.443678 348.98567 -59.65260 2024-Nov-30 17:50 C 23 36 55.94 -11 04 58.7 2.784366 77.695607 n.a. n.a. 0.986357997851 0.0226487 0.00099964083014 -0.8280046 101.5184 /T 78.4245 107.6/ 0.4752 n.a. n.a. 41.021653 349.00328 -59.09327 2024-Nov-30 18:00 Nt 23 36 50.59 -10 58 13.1 351.258873 77.461289 n.a. n.a. 0.986358083217 0.0209532 0.00099633441321 -0.8185186 101.5396 /T 78.4036 107.6/ 0.4650 n.a. n.a. 41.586844 349.11096 -58.53761 2024-Nov-30 18:10 N 23 36 45.25 -10 51 21.8 340.507709 76.780682 n.a. n.a. 0.986358161730 0.0192294 0.00099306590335 -0.8090937 101.5613 /T 78.3820 107.5/ 0.4548 n.a. n.a. 42.138768 349.30607 -57.98705 2024-Nov-30 18:20 N 23 36 39.97 -10 44 24.8 331.028985 75.716942 n.a. n.a. 0.986358233275 0.0174767 0.00098983497977 -0.7997676 101.5838 /T 78.3597 107.5/ 0.4446 n.a. n.a. 42.677290 349.58612 -57.44287 2024-Nov-30 18:30 A 23 36 34.78 -10 37 22.2 322.968765 74.347697 n.a. n.a. 0.986358297735 0.0156946 0.00098664117145 -0.7905774 101.6073 /T 78.3364 107.4/ 0.4344 n.a. n.a. 43.202615 349.94869 -56.90627 2024-Nov-30 18:40 A 23 36 29.73 -10 30 13.9 316.232702 72.745409 n.a. n.a. 0.986358354990 0.0138823 0.00098348385743 -0.7815607 101.6319 /T 78.3120 107.3/ 0.4242 n.a. n.a. 43.715277 350.39145 -56.37835 2024-Nov-30 18:50 A 23 36 24.87 -10 23 00.0 310.624546 70.968884 n.a. n.a. 0.986358404918 0.0120392 0.00098036226762 -0.7727543 101.6578 /T 78.2863 107.3/ 0.4141 n.a. n.a. 44.216132 350.91213 -55.86009 2024-Nov-30 19:00 23 36 20.25 -10 15 40.5 305.934232 69.062578 n.a. n.a. 0.986358447395 0.0101647 0.00097727548395 -0.7641951 101.6851 /T 78.2591 107.2/ 0.4040 n.a. n.a. 44.706345 351.50847 -55.35239 2024-Nov-30 19:10 23 36 15.92 -10 08 15.5 301.976062 67.059077 n.a. n.a. 0.986358482292 0.0082581 0.00097422244184 -0.7559193 101.7141 /T 78.2303 107.2/ 0.3940 n.a. n.a. 45.187375 352.17822 -54.85606 2024-Nov-30 19:20 23 36 11.91 -10 00 45.0 298.598626 64.982055 n.a. n.a. 0.986358509479 0.0063186 0.00097120193214 -0.7479628 101.7449 /T 78.1997 107.1/ 0.3840 n.a. n.a. 45.660963 352.91910 -54.37180 2024-Nov-30 19:30 23 36 08.29 -09 53 09.0 295.682803 62.848784 n.a. n.a. 0.986358528822 0.0043455 0.00096821260337 -0.7403605 101.7777 /T 78.1671 107.1/ 0.3741 n.a. n.a. 46.129115 353.72877 -53.90027 2024-Nov-30 19:40 23 36 05.09 -09 45 27.7 293.136155 60.671998 n.a. n.a. 0.986358540187 0.0023382 0.00096525296432 -0.7331472 101.8126 /T 78.1324 107.0/ 0.3643 n.a. n.a. 46.594075 354.60477 -53.44199 2024-Nov-30 19:50 23 36 02.35 -09 37 41.1 290.887121 58.461214 n.a. n.a. 0.986358543432 0.0002957 0.00096232138707 -0.7263564 101.8498 /T 78.0953 106.9/ 0.3546 n.a. n.a. 47.058312 355.54455 -52.99747 2024-Nov-30 20:00 23 36 00.13 -09 29 49.2 288.880091 56.223658 n.a. n.a. 0.986358538416 -0.0017827 0.00095941611024 -0.7200209 101.8895 /T 78.0559 106.9/ 0.3450 n.a. n.a. 47.524487 356.54539 -52.56709 2024-Nov-30 20:10 23 35 58.47 -09 21 52.2 287.071545 53.964902 n.a. n.a. 0.986358524993 -0.0038978 0.00095653524271 -0.7141727 101.9317 /T 78.0138 106.8/ 0.3355 n.a. n.a. 47.995431 357.60441 -52.15122 2024-Nov-30 20:20 23 35 57.41 -09 13 50.0 285.427130 51.689310 n.a. n.a. 0.986358503013 -0.0060506 0.00095367676746 -0.7088426 101.9768 /T 77.9689 106.8/ 0.3261 n.a. n.a. 48.474113 358.71851 -51.75013 2024-Nov-30 20:30 23 35 57.00 -09 05 42.7 283.919466 49.400352 n.a. n.a. 0.986358472325 -0.0082418 0.00095083854584 -0.7040603 102.0248 /T 77.9211 106.7/ 0.3169 n.a. n.a. 48.963606 359.88439 -51.36408 2024-Nov-30 20:40 23 35 57.27 -08 57 30.5 282.526521 47.100828 n.a. n.a. 0.986358432770 -0.0104724 0.00094801832213 -0.6998545 102.0759 /T 77.8702 106.7/ 0.3078 n.a. n.a. 49.467054 1.0985290 -50.99325 2024-Nov-30 20:50 23 35 58.27 -08 49 13.4 281.230389 44.793032 n.a. n.a. 0.986358384190 -0.0127434 0.00094521372820 -0.6962526 102.1301 /T 77.8160 106.6/ 0.2989 n.a. n.a. 49.987638 2.3571808 -50.63783 2024-Nov-30 21:00 23 36 00.04 -08 40 51.4 280.016379 42.478865 n.a. n.a. 0.986358326421 -0.0150558 0.00094242228863 -0.6932806 102.1878 /T 77.7585 106.6/ 0.2901 n.a. n.a. 50.528536 3.6563679 -50.29797 2024-Nov-30 21:10 23 36 02.61 -08 32 24.7 278.872323 40.159925 n.a. n.a. 0.986358259294 -0.0174104 0.00093964142580 -0.6909635 102.2490 /T 77.6975 106.6/ 0.2815 n.a. n.a. 51.092885 4.9919015 -49.97378 2024-Nov-30 21:20 23 36 06.03 -08 23 53.2 277.788048 37.837573 n.a. n.a. 0.986358182637 -0.0198085 0.00093686846544 -0.6893245 102.3138 /T 77.6329 106.5/ 0.2731 n.a. n.a. 51.683749 6.3593975 -49.66542 2024-Nov-30 21:30 23 36 10.32 -08 15 17.2 276.754973 35.512978 n.a. n.a. 0.986358096275 -0.0222510 0.00093410064207 -0.6883858 102.3824 /T 77.5645 106.5/ 0.2649 n.a. n.a. 52.304074 7.7543015 -49.37300 2024-Nov-30 21:40 23 36 15.53 -08 06 36.5 275.765791 33.187160 n.a. n.a. 0.986358000026 -0.0247391 0.00093133510482 -0.6881678 102.4549 /T 77.4921 106.5/ 0.2568 n.a. n.a. 52.956663 9.1719219 -49.09668 2024-Nov-30 21:50 23 36 21.68 -07 57 51.4 274.814230 30.861015 n.a. n.a. 0.986357893705 -0.0272740 0.00092856892335 -0.6886897 102.5314 /T 77.4158 106.4/ 0.2490 n.a. n.a. 53.644136 10.607468 -48.83659 2024-Nov-30 22:00 23 36 28.81 -07 49 01.8 273.894850 28.535342 n.a. n.a. 0.986357777122 -0.0298569 0.00092579909372 -0.6899690 102.6121 /T 77.3353 106.4/ 0.2414 n.a. n.a. 54.368906 12.056095 -48.59292 2024-Nov-30 22:10 23 36 36.95 -07 40 07.9 273.002866 26.210853 n.a. n.a. 0.986357649615 -0.0327177 0.00092302198758 -0.6922934 102.6970 /T 77.2505 106.4/ 0.2340 n.a. n.a. 55.115419 13.506869 -48.38618 2024-Nov-30 22:20 23 36 46.12 -07 31 09.7 272.134059 23.888195 n.a. n.a. 0.986357510594 -0.0355960 0.00092023402939 -0.6953579 102.7862 /T 77.1615 106.4/ 0.2268 n.a. n.a. 55.905384 14.962860 -48.19294 2024-Nov-30 22:30 23 36 56.35 -07 22 07.4 271.284699 21.567965 n.a. n.a. 0.986357360014 -0.0384804 0.00091743225477 -0.6991615 102.8799 /T 77.0680 106.4/ 0.2198 n.a. n.a. 56.741564 16.419416 -48.01230 2024-Nov-30 22:40 23 37 07.68 -07 13 01.0 270.451430 19.250715 n.a. n.a. 0.986357197864 -0.0413641 0.00091461369243 -0.7037079 102.9781 /T 76.9699 106.4/ 0.2131 n.a. n.a. 57.626138 17.871818 -47.84383 2024-Nov-30 22:50 23 37 20.11 -07 03 50.3 269.631204 16.936962 n.a. n.a. 0.986357024154 -0.0442446 0.00091177534805 -0.7090050 103.0810 /T 76.8673 106.4/ 0.2066 n.a. n.a. 58.560687 19.315384 -47.68755 2024-Nov-30 23:00 23 37 33.69 -06 54 35.4 268.821222 14.627192 n.a. n.a. 0.986356838895 -0.0471237 0.00090891418776 -0.7150646 103.1886 /T 76.7598 106.4/ 0.2003 n.a. n.a. 59.546171 20.745560 -47.54388 2024-Nov-30 23:10 23 37 48.43 -06 45 16.4 268.018883 12.321869 n.a. n.a. 0.986356642081 -0.0500075 0.00090602712329 -0.7219018 103.3011 /T 76.6476 106.4/ 0.1943 n.a. n.a. 60.582928 22.158009 -47.41362 2024-Nov-30 23:20 23 38 04.36 -06 35 53.0 267.221742 10.021436 n.a. n.a. 0.986356433674 -0.0529057 0.00090311099979 -0.7295344 103.4184 /T 76.5304 106.4/ 0.1885 n.a. n.a. 61.670713 23.548692 -47.29783 2024-Nov-30 23:30 23 38 21.49 -06 26 25.4 266.427476 7.726322 n.a. n.a. 0.986356213593 -0.0558308 0.00090016258813 -0.7379815 103.5408 /T 76.4082 106.4/ 0.1830 n.a. n.a. 62.808766 24.913933 -47.19776 2024-Nov-30 23:40 23 38 39.85 -06 16 53.5 265.633847 5.436946 n.a. n.a. 0.986355981700 -0.0587975 0.00089717858208 -0.7472621 103.6683 /T 76.2809 106.4/ 0.1777 n.a. n.a. 63.995894 26.250466 -47.11471 2024-Nov-30 23:50 23 38 59.45 -06 07 17.3 264.838678 3.153720 n.a. n.a. 0.986355737798 -0.0618212 0.00089415560121 -0.7573940 103.8010 /T 76.1484 106.5/ 0.1726 n.a. n.a. 65.230578 27.555462 -47.04992 2024-Dec-01 00:00 23 39 20.30 -05 57 36.6 264.039820 0.877054 n.a. n.a. 0.986355481627 -0.0649172 0.00089109019917 -0.7683921 103.9389 /T 76.0107 106.5/ 0.1679 n.a. n.a. 66.511083 28.826529 -47.00448 $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************