API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: May 16, 2025 Gaia Observatory -139479 http://sci.esa.int/gaia/ https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/iow_20250327 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RznHsG12t0 NOTE: Science observations ended 2025-Jan-25 due to decreasing attitude control propellant. On March 28, 2025, after engineering tests, Gaia left its orbit around Earth-Sun L2 and was placed in a heliocentric disposal orbit. It will return to the Earth's vicinity every 14 years, but at a distance of ~10 million km. BACKGROUND: Gaia is designed and operated by the European Space Agency. It launched December 19, 2013 @ 09:12 UTC on a Soyuz launcher from Kourou, French Guiana. On 2014-Jan-08, it arrived at its operational Lissajous orbit around the gravitationally stable Earth-Sun Lagrange-point L2, roughly 1.5 million km from Earth in the direction opposite the Sun. The orbit is not shadowed by Earth eclipses. The orbit period is about 180 days; the size of the orbit is typically 340,000 x 90,000 km. MISSION: Gaia's 5-year primary mission is to ... * Measure the positions of ~1 billion stars both in our Galaxy and other members of the Local Group, with an accuracy down to 24 uas * Perform spectral and photometric measurements of all objects * Derive space velocities of the Galaxy's constituent stars using the stellar distances and motions * Create a three-dimensional structural map of the Galaxy Additional expected results include extrasolar planet detection, brown dwarf detection, solar system asteroid discoveries, supernova early detection, and testing of Einstein's general relativity. GAIA SPACECRAFT: Spacecraft dry mass total 1392 kg Propellant 237 kg Total launch mass 2029 kg Power: 12.8 m^2 solar array provides up to 1910 Watts SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS: Single integrated instrument that comprises three major functions: astrometry, photometry (320-1000 nm) and spectrometry (846-874 nm). The three functions use two common telescopes and a shared focal plane, with each function having a dedicated area on the large 0.5m x 1m CCD detector array. SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY (From ESOC 2025-Apr-14 16:41. Final reconstruction through 2025-Mar-28 end-of-mission, with 100 year prediction): Trajectory name Start Stop -------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ORB1_20250414_000001 2013-Dec-19 2125-Mar-28 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Sun Nov 9 14:35:10 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Gaia (spacecraft) (-139479) {source: gaia_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: gaia_merged} Center-site name: iTelescope Obs.,Beryl Junc. (Sato) ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Nov-30 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 246.3025, 37.7377919, 1.56349 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 246.3025,5051.53114,3883.42609 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: gaia_merged} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: gaia_merged} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.251107.p260203 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-NOV-07. PREDICTS-> 2026-FEB-02 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Nov-30 00:30 C 03 34 59.26 +20 08 11.5 73.233567 11.507770 n.a. n.a. 0.995681792032 -0.3223606 0.00960596173309 -0.3950290 168.3084 /T 11.5794 175.3/ 1.7904 n.a. n.a. 3.2813290 67.833939 -46.03202 2024-Nov-30 00:40 C 03 35 01.37 +20 08 23.9 74.639019 13.408120 n.a. n.a. 0.995680499236 -0.3223036 0.00960437734108 -0.3949172 168.3101 /T 11.5778 175.3/ 1.7729 n.a. n.a. 3.1543512 66.890750 -47.15754 2024-Nov-30 00:50 N 03 35 03.38 +20 08 36.3 76.037367 15.321556 n.a. n.a. 0.995679206669 -0.3222466 0.00960279471028 -0.3941508 168.3114 /T 11.5765 175.4/ 1.7552 n.a. n.a. 3.0275360 65.905363 -48.27712 2024-Nov-30 01:00 N 03 35 05.29 +20 08 48.7 77.431541 17.246892 n.a. n.a. 0.995677914330 -0.3221896 0.00960121646406 -0.3927311 168.3123 /T 11.5756 175.4/ 1.7374 n.a. n.a. 2.9011339 64.874292 -49.39020 2024-Nov-30 01:10 N 03 35 07.11 +20 09 01.1 78.824589 19.182969 n.a. n.a. 0.995676622220 -0.3221325 0.00959964521871 -0.3906604 168.3129 /T 11.5750 175.5/ 1.7193 n.a. n.a. 2.7753950 63.793707 -50.49614 2024-Nov-30 01:20 A 03 35 08.83 +20 09 13.4 80.219703 21.128645 n.a. n.a. 0.995675330339 -0.3220755 0.00959808357841 -0.3879423 168.3131 /T 11.5749 175.5/ 1.7011 n.a. n.a. 2.6505692 62.659399 -51.59423 2024-Nov-30 01:30 A 03 35 10.45 +20 09 25.5 81.620253 23.082790 n.a. n.a. 0.995674038687 -0.3220185 0.00959653413030 -0.3845817 168.3129 /T 11.5751 175.6/ 1.6826 n.a. n.a. 2.5269052 61.466731 -52.68367 2024-Nov-30 01:40 A 03 35 11.98 +20 09 37.6 83.029820 25.044275 n.a. n.a. 0.995672747263 -0.3219614 0.00959499943950 -0.3805847 168.3123 /T 11.5757 175.6/ 1.6640 n.a. n.a. 2.4046500 60.210597 -53.76357 2024-Nov-30 01:50 03 35 13.41 +20 09 49.5 84.452240 27.011961 n.a. n.a. 0.995671456068 -0.3219044 0.00959348204422 -0.3759586 168.3114 /T 11.5766 175.7/ 1.6452 n.a. n.a. 2.2840487 58.885369 -54.83292 2024-Nov-30 02:00 03 35 14.75 +20 10 01.3 85.891657 28.984687 n.a. n.a. 0.995670165102 -0.3218473 0.00959198445086 -0.3707120 168.3101 /T 11.5779 175.8/ 1.6263 n.a. n.a. 2.1653433 57.484839 -55.89058 2024-Nov-30 02:10 03 35 16.00 +20 10 12.8 87.352578 30.961261 n.a. n.a. 0.995668874365 -0.3217903 0.00959050912922 -0.3648545 168.3084 /T 11.5796 175.8/ 1.6073 n.a. n.a. 2.0487729 56.002164 -56.93527 2024-Nov-30 02:20 03 35 17.16 +20 10 24.2 88.839945 32.940440 n.a. n.a. 0.995667583857 -0.3217332 0.00958905850771 -0.3583972 168.3064 /T 11.5816 175.9/ 1.5881 n.a. n.a. 1.9345720 54.429804 -57.96555 2024-Nov-30 02:30 03 35 18.23 +20 10 35.4 90.359215 34.920919 n.a. n.a. 0.995666293578 -0.3216761 0.00958763496870 -0.3513520 168.3040 /T 11.5840 175.9/ 1.5687 n.a. n.a. 1.8229707 52.759459 -58.97975 2024-Nov-30 02:40 03 35 19.22 +20 10 46.4 91.916464 36.901304 n.a. n.a. 0.995665003528 -0.3216190 0.00958624084390 -0.3437321 168.3012 /T 11.5868 176.0/ 1.5493 n.a. n.a. 1.7141928 50.982012 -59.97601 2024-Nov-30 02:50 03 35 20.12 +20 10 57.0 93.518497 38.880097 n.a. n.a. 0.995663713707 -0.3215619 0.00958487840980 -0.3355519 168.2982 /T 11.5898 176.0/ 1.5298 n.a. n.a. 1.6084559 49.087470 -60.95219 2024-Nov-30 03:00 03 35 20.94 +20 11 07.5 95.172993 40.855661 n.a. n.a. 0.995662424115 -0.3215048 0.00958354988337 -0.3268268 168.2948 /T 11.5932 176.1/ 1.5102 n.a. n.a. 1.5059692 47.064931 -61.90586 2024-Nov-30 03:10 03 35 21.69 +20 11 17.6 96.888672 42.826189 n.a. n.a. 0.995661134751 -0.3214477 0.00958225741760 -0.3175731 168.2910 /T 11.5969 176.1/ 1.4905 n.a. n.a. 1.4069325 44.902554 -62.83426 2024-Nov-30 03:20 03 35 22.35 +20 11 27.4 98.675500 44.789660 n.a. n.a. 0.995659845617 -0.3213906 0.00958100309748 -0.3078085 168.2870 /T 11.6009 176.2/ 1.4707 n.a. n.a. 1.3115346 42.587575 -63.73420 2024-Nov-30 03:30 03 35 22.95 +20 11 36.9 100.544930 46.743791 n.a. n.a. 0.995658556712 -0.3213335 0.00957978893582 -0.2975513 168.2827 /T 11.6053 176.2/ 1.4509 n.a. n.a. 1.2199510 40.106358 -64.60208 2024-Nov-30 03:40 03 35 23.47 +20 11 46.1 102.510201 48.685971 n.a. n.a. 0.995657268037 -0.3212764 0.00957861686939 -0.2868211 168.2780 /T 11.6099 176.3/ 1.4311 n.a. n.a. 1.1323409 37.444519 -65.43376 2024-Nov-30 03:50 03 35 23.92 +20 11 54.9 104.586682 50.613182 n.a. n.a. 0.995655979590 -0.3212193 0.00957748875513 -0.2756381 168.2731 /T 11.6147 176.3/ 1.4112 n.a. n.a. 1.0488447 34.587119 -66.22452 2024-Nov-30 04:00 03 35 24.31 +20 12 03.4 106.792301 52.521900 n.a. n.a. 0.995654691372 -0.3211622 0.00957640636651 -0.2640236 168.2679 /T 11.6199 176.4/ 1.3913 n.a. n.a. 0.9695796 31.518977 -66.96899 2024-Nov-30 04:10 03 35 24.64 +20 12 11.5 109.148027 54.407967 n.a. n.a. 0.995653403384 -0.3211050 0.00957537139008 -0.2519998 168.2625 /T 11.6253 176.4/ 1.3714 n.a. n.a. 0.8946348 28.225084 -67.66104 2024-Nov-30 04:20 03 35 24.91 +20 12 19.2 111.678438 56.266438 n.a. n.a. 0.995652115625 -0.3210479 0.00957438542215 -0.2395895 168.2568 /T 11.6309 176.5/ 1.3516 n.a. n.a. 0.8240661 24.691153 -68.29374 2024-Nov-30 04:30 03 35 25.13 +20 12 26.5 114.412346 58.091379 n.a. n.a. 0.995650828095 -0.3209907 0.00957344996561 -0.2268163 168.2509 /T 11.6368 176.5/ 1.3317 n.a. n.a. 0.7578894 20.904262 -68.85921 2024-Nov-30 04:40 03 35 25.30 +20 12 33.4 117.383430 59.875619 n.a. n.a. 0.995649540794 -0.3209336 0.00957256642714 -0.2137047 168.2448 /T 11.6429 176.5/ 1.3119 n.a. n.a. 0.6960739 16.853540 -69.34854 2024-Nov-30 04:50 03 35 25.41 +20 12 39.8 120.630814 61.610446 n.a. n.a. 0.995648253723 -0.3208764 0.00957173611423 -0.2002797 168.2385 /T 11.6491 176.6/ 1.2922 n.a. n.a. 0.6385344 12.530767 -69.75161 2024-Nov-30 05:00 03 35 25.49 +20 12 45.8 124.199386 63.285234 n.a. n.a. 0.995646966881 -0.3208193 0.00957096023280 -0.1865669 168.2319 /T 11.6556 176.6/ 1.2725 n.a. n.a. 0.5851250 7.9306855 -70.05681 2024-Nov-30 05:10 03 35 25.53 +20 12 51.4 128.139568 64.887019 n.a. n.a. 0.995645680268 -0.3207621 0.00957023988471 -0.1725925 168.2253 /T 11.6622 176.6/ 1.2528 n.a. n.a. 0.5356340 3.0507050 -70.25068 2024-Nov-30 05:20 03 35 25.53 +20 12 56.5 132.505993 66.400033 n.a. n.a. 0.995644393885 -0.3207049 0.00956957606565 -0.1583832 168.2184 /T 11.6690 176.6/ 1.2333 n.a. n.a. 0.4897819 357.88961 -70.31706 2024-Nov-30 05:30 03 35 25.50 +20 13 01.2 137.354319 67.805273 n.a. n.a. 0.995643107731 -0.3206477 0.00956896966315 -0.1439663 168.2114 /T 11.6760 176.6/ 1.2139 n.a. n.a. 0.4472236 352.44476 -70.23570 2024-Nov-30 05:40 03 35 25.45 +20 13 05.4 142.735119 69.080242 n.a. n.a. 0.995641821806 -0.3205906 0.00956842145488 -0.1293694 168.2043 /T 11.6830 176.6/ 1.1946 n.a. n.a. 0.4075583 346.70712 -69.97956 2024-Nov-30 05:50 03 35 25.37 +20 13 09.1 148.683842 70.199069 n.a. n.a. 0.995640536111 -0.3205334 0.00956793210701 -0.1146203 168.1971 /T 11.6902 176.7/ 1.1754 n.a. n.a. 0.3703467 340.65347 -69.50975 2024-Nov-30 06:00 03 35 25.27 +20 13 12.4 155.206599 71.133362 n.a. n.a. 0.995639250645 -0.3204762 0.00956750217304 -0.0997474 168.1898 /T 11.6974 176.7/ 1.1563 n.a. n.a. 0.3351383 334.23434 -68.76550 2024-Nov-30 06:10 03 35 25.16 +20 13 15.1 162.263674 71.854106 n.a. n.a. 0.995637965409 -0.3204190 0.00956713209254 -0.0847792 168.1824 /T 11.7048 176.6/ 1.1374 n.a. n.a. 0.3015134 327.35593 -67.64340 2024-Nov-30 06:20 03 35 25.04 +20 13 17.4 169.756089 72.334777 n.a. n.a. 0.995636680402 -0.3203618 0.00956682219046 -0.0697444 168.1749 /T 11.7122 176.6/ 1.1186 n.a. n.a. 0.2691444 319.85190 -65.95088 2024-Nov-30 06:30 03 35 24.92 +20 13 19.3 177.523552 72.555281 n.a. n.a. 0.995635395625 -0.3203045 0.00956657267632 -0.0546717 168.1674 /T 11.7196 176.6/ 1.1000 n.a. n.a. 0.2378919 311.43891 -63.29007 2024-Nov-30 06:40 t 03 35 24.79 +20 13 20.6 185.360564 72.505673 n.a. n.a. 0.995634111078 -0.3202473 0.00956638364393 -0.0395900 168.1599 /T 11.7271 176.6/ 1.0816 n.a. n.a. 0.2079685 301.64755 -58.72461 2024-Nov-30 06:50 03 35 24.67 +20 13 21.4 193.049377 72.188235 n.a. n.a. 0.995632826760 -0.3201901 0.00956625507116 -0.0245284 168.1523 /T 11.7345 176.6/ 1.0634 n.a. n.a. 0.1802320 289.73406 -49.64819 2024-Nov-30 07:00 03 35 24.55 +20 13 21.8 200.397949 71.616989 n.a. n.a. 0.995631542671 -0.3201329 0.00956618681995 -0.0095156 168.1448 /T 11.7420 176.6/ 1.0454 n.a. n.a. 0.1566868 274.66609 -27.71211 2024-Nov-30 07:10 03 35 24.45 +20 13 21.7 207.267604 70.814859 n.a. n.a. 0.995630258812 -0.3200756 0.00956617863663 0.0054196 168.1373 /T 11.7494 176.5/ 1.0276 n.a. n.a. 0.1410701 255.58593 18.373227 2024-Nov-30 07:20 03 35 24.36 +20 13 21.1 213.582093 69.809710 n.a. n.a. 0.995628975183 -0.3200184 0.00956623015241 0.0202486 168.1298 /T 11.7568 176.5/ 1.0100 n.a. n.a. 0.1384402 233.35030 51.668027 2024-Nov-30 07:30 03 35 24.29 +20 13 20.0 219.320351 68.630631 n.a. n.a. 0.995627691783 -0.3199612 0.00956634088408 0.0349428 168.1224 /T 11.7642 176.5/ 0.9926 n.a. n.a. 0.1521692 211.51429 63.270542 2024-Nov-30 07:40 03 35 24.25 +20 13 18.5 224.501102 67.305250 n.a. n.a. 0.995626408613 -0.3199039 0.00956651023502 0.0494743 168.1151 /T 11.7715 176.4/ 0.9755 n.a. n.a. 0.1812456 193.43177 67.040466 2024-Nov-30 07:50 03 35 24.23 +20 13 16.5 229.166770 65.858257 n.a. n.a. 0.995625125673 -0.3198466 0.00956673749631 0.0638152 168.1078 /T 11.7786 176.4/ 0.9586 n.a. n.a. 0.2222371 179.69712 68.064078 2024-Nov-30 08:00 03 35 24.25 +20 13 14.0 233.370730 64.310858 n.a. n.a. 0.995623842963 -0.3197894 0.00956702184817 0.0779379 168.1007 /T 11.7857 176.3/ 0.9420 n.a. n.a. 0.2721445 169.36983 68.010632 2024-Nov-30 08:10 03 35 24.31 +20 13 11.1 237.168793 62.680830 n.a. n.a. 0.995622560482 -0.3197321 0.00956736236160 0.0918156 168.0936 /T 11.7927 176.3/ 0.9256 n.a. n.a. 0.3290824 161.41447 67.485836 2024-Nov-30 08:20 03 35 24.40 +20 13 07.8 240.614303 60.982860 n.a. n.a. 0.995621278231 -0.3196748 0.00956775800020 0.1054216 168.0868 /T 11.7995 176.2/ 0.9095 n.a. n.a. 0.3919619 155.08607 66.732234 2024-Nov-30 08:30 03 35 24.54 +20 13 04.0 243.755737 59.229006 n.a. n.a. 0.995619996210 -0.3196175 0.00956820762216 0.1187300 168.0800 /T 11.8061 176.2/ 0.8936 n.a. n.a. 0.4601443 149.89844 65.856319 2024-Nov-30 08:40 03 35 24.73 +20 12 59.9 246.635863 57.429145 n.a. n.a. 0.995618714418 -0.3195603 0.00956870998258 0.1317154 168.0735 /T 11.8126 176.1/ 0.8781 n.a. n.a. 0.5332296 145.53690 64.908902 2024-Nov-30 08:50 03 35 24.97 +20 12 55.3 249.291754 55.591387 n.a. n.a. 0.995617432857 -0.3195030 0.00956926373587 0.1443529 168.0671 /T 11.8189 176.0/ 0.8628 n.a. n.a. 0.6109432 141.79341 63.916102 2024-Nov-30 09:00 03 35 25.27 +20 12 50.3 251.755238 53.722417 n.a. n.a. 0.995616151525 -0.3194456 0.00956986743842 0.1566186 168.0609 /T 11.8250 176.0/ 0.8477 n.a. n.a. 0.6930751 138.52626 62.892278 2024-Nov-30 09:10 03 35 25.63 +20 12 44.9 254.053499 51.827783 n.a. n.a. 0.995614870423 -0.3193883 0.00957051955142 0.1684889 168.0549 /T 11.8309 175.9/ 0.8330 n.a. n.a. 0.7794476 135.63586 61.845832 2024-Nov-30 09:20 03 35 26.05 +20 12 39.2 256.209726 49.912121 n.a. n.a. 0.995613589552 -0.3193310 0.00957121844389 0.1799414 168.0492 /T 11.8366 175.8/ 0.8186 n.a. n.a. 0.8698975 133.05007 60.781982 2024-Nov-30 09:30 03 35 26.54 +20 12 33.1 258.243713 47.979340 n.a. n.a. 0.995612308910 -0.3192737 0.00957196239587 0.1909542 168.0437 /T 11.8421 175.8/ 0.8045 n.a. n.a. 0.9642659 130.71526 59.704152 2024-Nov-30 09:40 03 35 27.09 +20 12 26.6 260.172398 46.032768 n.a. n.a. 0.995611028498 -0.3192164 0.00957274960180 0.2015065 168.0385 /T 11.8472 175.7/ 0.7906 n.a. n.a. 1.0623925 128.59052 58.614711 2024-Nov-30 09:50 03 35 27.72 +20 12 19.9 262.010326 44.075262 n.a. n.a. 0.995609748316 -0.3191591 0.00957357817406 0.2115782 168.0335 /T 11.8522 175.6/ 0.7771 n.a. n.a. 1.1641130 126.64400 57.515383 2024-Nov-30 10:00 03 35 28.42 +20 12 12.8 263.770044 42.109307 n.a. n.a. 0.995608468364 -0.3191017 0.00957444614666 0.2211503 168.0288 /T 11.8568 175.5/ 0.7639 n.a. n.a. 1.2692568 124.85045 56.407471 2024-Nov-30 10:10 03 35 29.20 +20 12 05.4 265.462429 40.137084 n.a. n.a. 0.995607188642 -0.3190444 0.00957535147899 0.2302047 168.0244 /T 11.8612 175.4/ 0.7510 n.a. n.a. 1.3776468 123.18947 55.292005 2024-Nov-30 10:20 03 35 30.06 +20 11 57.7 267.096965 38.160529 n.a. n.a. 0.995605909150 -0.3189870 0.00957629205998 0.2387242 168.0202 /T 11.8652 175.4/ 0.7383 n.a. n.a. 1.4890985 121.64438 54.169818 2024-Nov-30 10:30 03 35 31.01 +20 11 49.8 268.681970 36.181383 n.a. n.a. 0.995604629888 -0.3189297 0.00957726571194 0.2466929 168.0164 /T 11.8690 175.3/ 0.7260 n.a. n.a. 1.6034205 120.20134 53.041610 2024-Nov-30 10:40 03 35 32.03 +20 11 41.7 270.224785 34.201231 n.a. n.a. 0.995603350856 -0.3188723 0.00957827019512 0.2540957 168.0130 /T 11.8724 175.2/ 0.7140 n.a. n.a. 1.7204149 118.84874 51.907970 2024-Nov-30 10:50 03 35 33.15 +20 11 33.3 271.731932 32.221530 n.a. n.a. 0.995602072054 -0.3188149 0.00957930321171 0.2609188 168.0098 /T 11.8756 175.1/ 0.7023 n.a. n.a. 1.8398770 117.57676 50.769412 2024-Nov-30 11:00 03 35 34.35 +20 11 24.7 273.209248 30.243638 n.a. n.a. 0.995600793483 -0.3187576 0.00958036241060 0.2671495 168.0070 /T 11.8783 175.1/ 0.6910 n.a. n.a. 1.9615963 116.37699 49.626384 2024-Nov-30 11:10 03 35 35.65 +20 11 15.9 274.661992 28.268838 n.a. n.a. 0.995599515141 -0.3187002 0.00958144539170 0.2727760 168.0045 /T 11.8808 175.0/ 0.6799 n.a. n.a. 2.0853569 115.24220 48.479284 2024-Nov-30 11:20 03 35 37.04 +20 11 07.0 276.094937 26.298352 n.a. n.a. 0.995598237030 -0.3186428 0.00958254971071 0.2777879 168.0023 /T 11.8829 174.9/ 0.6691 n.a. n.a. 2.2109381 114.16609 47.328467 2024-Nov-30 11:30 03 35 38.52 +20 10 57.9 277.512448 24.333361 n.a. n.a. 0.995596959149 -0.3185854 0.00958367288380 0.2821761 168.0006 /T 11.8846 174.8/ 0.6586 n.a. n.a. 2.3381145 113.14320 46.174251 2024-Nov-30 11:40 03 35 40.09 +20 10 48.7 278.918551 22.375015 n.a. n.a. 0.995595681498 -0.3185281 0.00958481239237 0.2859323 167.9992 /T 11.8860 174.7/ 0.6484 n.a. n.a. 2.4666570 112.16871 45.016923 2024-Nov-30 11:50 03 35 41.77 +20 10 39.4 280.316983 20.424451 n.a. n.a. 0.995594404077 -0.3184706 0.00958596568792 0.2890499 167.9981 /T 11.8870 174.7/ 0.6386 n.a. n.a. 2.5963334 111.23835 43.856745 2024-Nov-30 12:00 03 35 43.53 +20 10 30.0 281.711242 18.482797 n.a. n.a. 0.995593126886 -0.3184132 0.00958713019692 0.2915231 167.9974 /T 11.8877 174.6/ 0.6290 n.a. n.a. 2.7269086 110.34835 42.693953 2024-Nov-30 12:10 03 35 45.40 +20 10 20.6 283.104627 16.551188 n.a. n.a. 0.995591849926 -0.3183558 0.00958830332571 0.2933475 167.9971 /T 11.8880 174.5/ 0.6197 n.a. n.a. 2.8581453 109.49536 41.528763 2024-Nov-30 12:20 03 35 47.36 +20 10 11.1 284.500275 14.630772 n.a. n.a. 0.995590573196 -0.3182984 0.00958948246557 0.2945201 167.9972 /T 11.8879 174.4/ 0.6106 n.a. n.a. 2.9898045 108.67635 40.361374 2024-Nov-30 12:30 03 35 49.43 +20 10 01.6 285.901186 12.722717 n.a. n.a. 0.995589296696 -0.3182410 0.00959066499754 0.2950388 167.9977 /T 11.8874 174.3/ 0.6019 n.a. n.a. 3.1216462 107.88862 39.191967 2024-Nov-30 12:40 03 35 51.59 +20 09 52.0 287.310253 10.828222 n.a. n.a. 0.995588020427 -0.3181836 0.00959184829756 0.2949030 167.9985 /T 11.8866 174.3/ 0.5935 n.a. n.a. 3.2534297 107.12972 38.020709 2024-Nov-30 12:50 03 35 53.85 +20 09 42.5 288.730282 8.948526 n.a. n.a. 0.995586744388 -0.3181261 0.00959302974138 0.2941134 167.9997 /T 11.8853 174.2/ 0.5853 n.a. n.a. 3.3849144 106.39745 36.847754 2024-Nov-30 13:00 A 03 35 56.20 +20 09 33.1 290.164010 7.084911 n.a. n.a. 0.995585468579 -0.3180687 0.00959420670960 0.2926717 168.0013 /T 11.8837 174.1/ 0.5774 n.a. n.a. 3.5158600 105.68980 35.673243 2024-Nov-30 13:10 A 03 35 58.66 +20 09 23.7 291.614124 5.238710 n.a. n.a. 0.995584193001 -0.3180113 0.00959537659255 0.2905810 168.0033 /T 11.8817 174.0/ 0.5697 n.a. n.a. 3.6460270 105.00494 34.497308 2024-Nov-30 13:20 A 03 36 01.21 +20 09 14.3 293.083270 3.411320 n.a. n.a. 0.995582917653 -0.3179538 0.00959653679533 0.2878455 168.0057 /T 11.8794 174.0/ 0.5623 n.a. n.a. 3.7751777 104.34120 33.320070 2024-Nov-30 13:30 N 03 36 03.85 +20 09 05.1 294.574065 1.604201 n.a. n.a. 0.995581642535 -0.3178964 0.00959768474266 0.2844708 168.0084 /T 11.8767 173.9/ 0.5552 n.a. n.a. 3.9030759 103.69705 32.141640 2024-Nov-30 13:40 N 03 36 06.59 +20 08 56.0 296.089107 -0.181110 n.a. n.a. 0.995580367648 -0.3178389 0.00959881788371 0.2804636 168.0115 /T 11.8736 173.8/ 0.5483 n.a. n.a. 4.0294880 103.07108 30.962122 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************