API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: May 16, 2025 Gaia Observatory -139479 http://sci.esa.int/gaia/ https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/iow_20250327 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RznHsG12t0 NOTE: Science observations ended 2025-Jan-25 due to decreasing attitude control propellant. On March 28, 2025, after engineering tests, Gaia left its orbit around Earth-Sun L2 and was placed in a heliocentric disposal orbit. It will return to the Earth's vicinity every 14 years, but at a distance of ~10 million km. BACKGROUND: Gaia is designed and operated by the European Space Agency. It launched December 19, 2013 @ 09:12 UTC on a Soyuz launcher from Kourou, French Guiana. On 2014-Jan-08, it arrived at its operational Lissajous orbit around the gravitationally stable Earth-Sun Lagrange-point L2, roughly 1.5 million km from Earth in the direction opposite the Sun. The orbit is not shadowed by Earth eclipses. The orbit period is about 180 days; the size of the orbit is typically 340,000 x 90,000 km. MISSION: Gaia's 5-year primary mission is to ... * Measure the positions of ~1 billion stars both in our Galaxy and other members of the Local Group, with an accuracy down to 24 uas * Perform spectral and photometric measurements of all objects * Derive space velocities of the Galaxy's constituent stars using the stellar distances and motions * Create a three-dimensional structural map of the Galaxy Additional expected results include extrasolar planet detection, brown dwarf detection, solar system asteroid discoveries, supernova early detection, and testing of Einstein's general relativity. GAIA SPACECRAFT: Spacecraft dry mass total 1392 kg Propellant 237 kg Total launch mass 2029 kg Power: 12.8 m^2 solar array provides up to 1910 Watts SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS: Single integrated instrument that comprises three major functions: astrometry, photometry (320-1000 nm) and spectrometry (846-874 nm). The three functions use two common telescopes and a shared focal plane, with each function having a dedicated area on the large 0.5m x 1m CCD detector array. SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY (From ESOC 2025-Apr-14 16:41. Final reconstruction through 2025-Mar-28 end-of-mission, with 100 year prediction): Trajectory name Start Stop -------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ORB1_20250414_000001 2013-Dec-19 2125-Mar-28 ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Sun Nov 9 14:43:54 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Gaia (spacecraft) (-139479) {source: gaia_merged} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: gaia_merged} Center-site name: El Berrueco ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2024-Nov-30 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2024-Dec-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 356.4134, 40.8833094, 1.06361 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 356.4134,4829.88693,4153.33056 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: gaia_merged} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: gaia_merged} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.251107.p260203 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-NOV-07. PREDICTS-> 2026-FEB-02 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE 2024-Nov-30 00:00 03 33 51.21 +20 11 27.4 209.821296 67.023358 n.a. n.a. 0.995685671754 -0.3225316 0.00957585747490 0.0174941 168.0739 /T 11.8121 176.2/ 1.6352 n.a. n.a. 0.0727129 166.43910 64.307208 2024-Nov-30 00:10 03 33 51.23 +20 11 26.5 215.142034 66.004783 n.a. n.a. 0.995684378274 -0.3224746 0.00957595584458 0.0315338 168.0669 /T 11.8191 176.3/ 1.6129 n.a. n.a. 0.1249864 157.60861 65.354759 2024-Nov-30 00:20 03 33 51.28 +20 11 25.1 220.066358 64.847528 n.a. n.a. 0.995683085023 -0.3224176 0.00957611021775 0.0454157 168.0599 /T 11.8260 176.3/ 1.5909 n.a. n.a. 0.1805618 152.34392 65.287776 2024-Nov-30 00:30 03 33 51.35 +20 11 23.3 224.605858 63.570399 n.a. n.a. 0.995681792000 -0.3223606 0.00957631990831 0.0591133 168.0530 /T 11.8328 176.4/ 1.5691 n.a. n.a. 0.2393041 148.34834 64.892010 2024-Nov-30 00:40 03 33 51.46 +20 11 21.0 228.783789 62.190564 n.a. n.a. 0.995680499206 -0.3223036 0.00957658412430 0.0726004 168.0462 /T 11.8395 176.4/ 1.5475 n.a. n.a. 0.3013004 144.99829 64.339860 2024-Nov-30 00:50 03 33 51.60 +20 11 18.4 232.629763 60.723262 n.a. n.a. 0.995679206641 -0.3222466 0.00957690196948 0.0858512 168.0395 /T 11.8461 176.5/ 1.5263 n.a. n.a. 0.3666585 142.05317 63.692079 2024-Nov-30 01:00 03 33 51.78 +20 11 15.3 236.175871 59.181753 n.a. n.a. 0.995677914304 -0.3221896 0.00957727244508 0.0988403 168.0330 /T 11.8526 176.5/ 1.5053 n.a. n.a. 0.4354687 139.39821 62.976621 2024-Nov-30 01:10 03 33 52.00 +20 11 11.8 239.454130 57.577443 n.a. n.a. 0.995676622196 -0.3221325 0.00957769445178 0.1115430 168.0266 /T 11.8589 176.6/ 1.4846 n.a. n.a. 0.5077949 136.96977 62.208898 2024-Nov-30 01:20 03 33 52.27 +20 11 07.9 242.494956 55.920068 n.a. n.a. 0.995675330318 -0.3220755 0.00957816679182 0.1239350 168.0204 /T 11.8651 176.6/ 1.4642 n.a. n.a. 0.5836735 134.72812 61.398596 2024-Nov-30 01:30 03 33 52.60 +20 11 03.6 245.326367 54.217912 n.a. n.a. 0.995674038667 -0.3220185 0.00957868817142 0.1359926 168.0143 /T 11.8711 176.6/ 1.4441 n.a. n.a. 0.6631137 132.64609 60.552425 2024-Nov-30 01:40 03 33 52.97 +20 10 58.9 247.973674 52.478022 n.a. n.a. 0.995672747246 -0.3219614 0.00957925720328 0.1476929 168.0085 /T 11.8769 176.7/ 1.4243 n.a. n.a. 0.7461001 130.70362 59.675368 2024-Nov-30 01:50 03 33 53.40 +20 10 53.9 250.459448 50.706405 n.a. n.a. 0.995671456054 -0.3219044 0.00957987240931 0.1590136 168.0028 /T 11.8825 176.7/ 1.4048 n.a. n.a. 0.8325938 128.88507 58.771324 2024-Nov-30 02:00 03 33 53.89 +20 10 48.5 252.803669 48.908197 n.a. n.a. 0.995670165090 -0.3218473 0.00958053222353 0.1699332 167.9974 /T 11.8878 176.7/ 1.3856 n.a. n.a. 0.9225349 127.17770 57.843452 2024-Nov-30 02:10 03 33 54.45 +20 10 42.8 255.023941 47.087813 n.a. n.a. 0.995668874355 -0.3217903 0.00958123499514 0.1804309 167.9922 /T 11.8930 176.7/ 1.3668 n.a. n.a. 1.0158443 125.57081 56.894386 2024-Nov-30 02:20 03 33 55.07 +20 10 36.7 257.135748 45.249073 n.a. n.a. 0.995667583850 -0.3217332 0.00958197899174 0.1904867 167.9872 /T 11.8979 176.7/ 1.3483 n.a. n.a. 1.1124255 124.05520 55.926357 2024-Nov-30 02:30 03 33 55.76 +20 10 30.3 259.152710 43.395300 n.a. n.a. 0.995666293573 -0.3216761 0.00958276240273 0.2000817 167.9825 /T 11.9025 176.7/ 1.3301 n.a. n.a. 1.2121658 122.62285 54.941288 2024-Nov-30 02:40 03 33 56.52 +20 10 23.7 261.086816 41.529411 n.a. n.a. 0.995665003525 -0.3216190 0.00958358334284 0.2091976 167.9781 /T 11.9069 176.8/ 1.3122 n.a. n.a. 1.3149387 121.26667 53.940847 2024-Nov-30 02:50 03 33 57.36 +20 10 16.7 262.948651 39.653988 n.a. n.a. 0.995663713706 -0.3215619 0.00958443985572 0.2178172 167.9739 /T 11.9110 176.8/ 1.2947 n.a. n.a. 1.4206040 119.98036 52.926500 2024-Nov-30 03:00 03 33 58.27 +20 10 09.5 264.747586 37.771334 n.a. n.a. 0.995662424116 -0.3215048 0.00958532991792 0.2259243 167.9700 /T 11.9149 176.8/ 1.2775 n.a. n.a. 1.5290102 118.75827 51.899538 2024-Nov-30 03:10 03 33 59.27 +20 10 02.1 266.491951 35.883526 n.a. n.a. 0.995661134756 -0.3214477 0.00958625144264 0.2335035 167.9665 /T 11.9184 176.7/ 1.2607 n.a. n.a. 1.6399949 117.59529 50.861107 2024-Nov-30 03:20 03 34 00.34 +20 09 54.4 268.189180 33.992453 n.a. n.a. 0.995659845624 -0.3213906 0.00958720228391 0.2405406 167.9632 /T 11.9216 176.7/ 1.2442 n.a. n.a. 1.7533861 116.48684 49.812229 2024-Nov-30 03:30 03 34 01.50 +20 09 46.5 269.845942 32.099849 n.a. n.a. 0.995658556721 -0.3213335 0.00958818024068 0.2470225 167.9602 /T 11.9246 176.7/ 1.2280 n.a. n.a. 1.8690031 115.42874 48.753816 2024-Nov-30 03:40 03 34 02.74 +20 09 38.4 271.468249 30.207328 n.a. n.a. 0.995657268048 -0.3212764 0.00958918306111 0.2529369 167.9576 /T 11.9272 176.7/ 1.2122 n.a. n.a. 1.9866574 114.41719 47.686688 2024-Nov-30 03:50 03 34 04.07 +20 09 30.2 273.061553 28.316402 n.a. n.a. 0.995655979603 -0.3212193 0.00959020844694 0.2582730 167.9553 /T 11.9294 176.7/ 1.1967 n.a. n.a. 2.1061536 113.44876 46.611582 2024-Nov-30 04:00 03 34 05.49 +20 09 21.8 274.630822 26.428504 n.a. n.a. 0.995654691388 -0.3211622 0.00959125405790 0.2630206 167.9533 /T 11.9314 176.7/ 1.1816 n.a. n.a. 2.2272903 112.52028 45.529161 2024-Nov-30 04:10 03 34 07.00 +20 09 13.2 276.180617 24.545008 n.a. n.a. 0.995653403402 -0.3211050 0.00959231751619 0.2671711 167.9516 /T 11.9330 176.6/ 1.1668 n.a. n.a. 2.3498605 111.62888 44.440030 2024-Nov-30 04:20 03 34 08.59 +20 09 04.5 277.715145 22.667241 n.a. n.a. 0.995652115645 -0.3210479 0.00959339641117 0.2707169 167.9504 /T 11.9343 176.6/ 1.1524 n.a. n.a. 2.4736525 110.77192 43.344731 2024-Nov-30 04:30 03 34 10.28 +20 08 55.8 279.238315 20.796500 n.a. n.a. 0.995650828117 -0.3209907 0.00959448830379 0.2736514 167.9494 /T 11.9352 176.6/ 1.1383 n.a. n.a. 2.5984508 109.94698 42.243761 2024-Nov-30 04:40 03 34 12.07 +20 08 46.9 280.753780 18.934064 n.a. n.a. 0.995649540819 -0.3209336 0.00959559073151 0.2759694 167.9488 /T 11.9357 176.5/ 1.1246 n.a. n.a. 2.7240363 109.15183 41.137570 2024-Nov-30 04:50 03 34 13.94 +20 08 38.0 282.264979 17.081201 n.a. n.a. 0.995648253750 -0.3208764 0.00959670121278 0.2776667 167.9486 /T 11.9359 176.5/ 1.1111 n.a. n.a. 2.8501873 108.38443 40.026570 2024-Nov-30 05:00 03 34 15.91 +20 08 29.1 283.775163 15.239184 n.a. n.a. 0.995646966910 -0.3208193 0.00959781725199 0.2787405 167.9487 /T 11.9358 176.5/ 1.0980 n.a. n.a. 2.9766800 107.64289 38.911136 2024-Nov-30 05:10 03 34 17.97 +20 08 20.1 285.287431 13.409295 n.a. n.a. 0.995645680299 -0.3207621 0.00959893634408 0.2791889 167.9492 /T 11.9353 176.4/ 1.0853 n.a. n.a. 3.1032890 106.92546 37.791613 2024-Nov-30 05:20 03 34 20.13 +20 08 11.1 286.804751 11.592836 n.a. n.a. 0.995644393917 -0.3207049 0.00960005597939 0.2790114 167.9501 /T 11.9344 176.4/ 1.0728 n.a. n.a. 3.2297878 106.23053 36.668316 2024-Nov-30 05:30 03 34 22.38 +20 08 02.2 288.329979 9.791139 n.a. n.a. 0.995643107765 -0.3206477 0.00960117364846 0.2782086 167.9513 /T 11.9332 176.3/ 1.0607 n.a. n.a. 3.3559497 105.55662 35.541535 2024-Nov-30 05:40 03 34 24.72 +20 07 53.3 289.865881 8.005568 n.a. n.a. 0.995641821842 -0.3205906 0.00960228684672 0.2767824 167.9529 /T 11.9316 176.3/ 1.0489 n.a. n.a. 3.4815480 104.90233 34.411536 2024-Nov-30 05:50 A 03 34 27.16 +20 07 44.4 291.415146 6.237533 n.a. n.a. 0.995640536149 -0.3205334 0.00960339307928 0.2747358 167.9549 /T 11.9296 176.3/ 1.0374 n.a. n.a. 3.6063565 104.26638 33.278566 2024-Nov-30 06:00 A 03 34 29.69 +20 07 35.6 292.980397 4.488490 n.a. n.a. 0.995639250685 -0.3204762 0.00960448986567 0.2720729 167.9572 /T 11.9273 176.2/ 1.0262 n.a. n.a. 3.7301503 103.64757 32.142849 2024-Nov-30 06:10 A 03 34 32.31 +20 07 27.0 294.564202 2.759955 n.a. n.a. 0.995637965450 -0.3204190 0.00960557474446 0.2687991 167.9599 /T 11.9247 176.2/ 1.0153 n.a. n.a. 3.8527060 103.04479 31.004597 2024-Nov-30 06:20 N 03 34 35.02 +20 07 18.4 296.169080 1.053505 n.a. n.a. 0.995636680445 -0.3203618 0.00960664527799 0.2649208 167.9629 /T 11.9216 176.1/ 1.0047 n.a. n.a. 3.9738023 102.45699 29.864002 >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< 2024-Nov-30 17:00 C 03 38 28.02 +20 09 48.8 72.277880 10.547419 n.a. n.a. 0.995554918300 -0.3166884 0.00958694038776 -0.3774552 168.4222 /T 11.4669 173.7/ 0.5536 n.a. n.a. 3.4144540 69.786668 -43.64630 2024-Nov-30 17:10 C 03 38 30.25 +20 10 00.7 73.798549 12.355581 n.a. n.a. 0.995553648255 -0.3166309 0.00958542518682 -0.3779940 168.4244 /T 11.4648 173.6/ 0.5454 n.a. n.a. 3.2919919 68.961566 -44.73767 2024-Nov-30 17:20 N 03 38 32.38 +20 10 12.5 75.312443 14.177954 n.a. n.a. 0.995552378441 -0.3165733 0.00958390907907 -0.3779073 168.4261 /T 11.4630 173.6/ 0.5372 n.a. n.a. 3.1693672 68.105161 -45.82312 2024-Nov-30 17:30 N 03 38 34.42 +20 10 24.4 76.822458 16.013224 n.a. n.a. 0.995551108858 -0.3165157 0.00958239457398 -0.3771949 168.4276 /T 11.4616 173.5/ 0.5288 n.a. n.a. 3.0468122 67.215216 -46.90217 2024-Nov-30 17:40 N 03 38 36.37 +20 10 36.3 78.331610 17.860099 n.a. n.a. 0.995549839506 -0.3164581 0.00958088417918 -0.3758580 168.4286 /T 11.4606 173.5/ 0.5204 n.a. n.a. 2.9245587 66.289317 -47.97430 2024-Nov-30 17:50 N 03 38 38.22 +20 10 48.0 79.843053 19.717304 n.a. n.a. 0.995548570385 -0.3164005 0.00957938039560 -0.3738987 168.4293 /T 11.4599 173.4/ 0.5120 n.a. n.a. 2.8028376 65.324857 -49.03894 2024-Nov-30 18:00 A 03 38 39.98 +20 10 59.8 81.360110 21.583572 n.a. n.a. 0.995547301495 -0.3163429 0.00957788571278 -0.3713206 168.4296 /T 11.4596 173.4/ 0.5035 n.a. n.a. 2.6818780 64.319029 -50.09546 2024-Nov-30 18:10 A 03 38 41.65 +20 11 11.4 82.886296 23.457633 n.a. n.a. 0.995546032836 -0.3162852 0.00957640260401 -0.3681282 168.4296 /T 11.4597 173.3/ 0.4950 n.a. n.a. 2.5619068 63.268797 -51.14316 2024-Nov-30 18:20 A 03 38 43.23 +20 11 22.9 84.425363 25.338206 n.a. n.a. 0.995544764408 -0.3162276 0.00957493352176 -0.3643273 168.4292 /T 11.4601 173.3/ 0.4864 n.a. n.a. 2.4431482 62.170897 -52.18130 2024-Nov-30 18:30 03 38 44.72 +20 11 34.3 85.981332 27.223986 n.a. n.a. 0.995543496212 -0.3161700 0.00957348089280 -0.3599250 168.4285 /T 11.4608 173.2/ 0.4779 n.a. n.a. 2.3258225 61.021806 -53.20903 2024-Nov-30 18:40 03 38 46.12 +20 11 45.5 87.558543 29.113632 n.a. n.a. 0.995542228246 -0.3161124 0.00957204711369 -0.3549293 168.4274 /T 11.4619 173.1/ 0.4693 n.a. n.a. 2.2101460 59.817741 -54.22547 2024-Nov-30 18:50 03 38 47.43 +20 11 56.6 89.161712 31.005751 n.a. n.a. 0.995540960512 -0.3160547 0.00957063454609 -0.3493495 168.4259 /T 11.4634 173.1/ 0.4607 n.a. n.a. 2.0963296 58.554639 -55.22959 2024-Nov-30 19:00 03 38 48.65 +20 12 07.4 90.795993 32.898882 n.a. n.a. 0.995539693009 -0.3159971 0.00956924551227 -0.3431960 168.4241 /T 11.4652 173.0/ 0.4520 n.a. n.a. 1.9845780 57.228153 -56.22031 2024-Nov-30 19:10 03 38 49.80 +20 12 18.1 92.467053 34.791481 n.a. n.a. 0.995538425737 -0.3159394 0.00956788229059 -0.3364803 168.4220 /T 11.4673 172.9/ 0.4434 n.a. n.a. 1.8750891 55.833646 -57.19642 2024-Nov-30 19:20 03 38 50.86 +20 12 28.6 94.181157 36.681891 n.a. n.a. 0.995537158696 -0.3158818 0.00956654711110 -0.3292150 168.4195 /T 11.4698 172.9/ 0.4349 n.a. n.a. 1.7680526 54.366196 -58.15659 2024-Nov-30 19:30 03 38 51.84 +20 12 38.8 95.945268 38.568323 n.a. n.a. 0.995535891887 -0.3158241 0.00956524215127 -0.3214137 168.4167 /T 11.4726 172.8/ 0.4263 n.a. n.a. 1.6636487 52.820608 -59.09939 2024-Nov-30 19:40 03 38 52.74 +20 12 48.7 97.767171 40.448821 n.a. n.a. 0.995534625309 -0.3157664 0.00956396953172 -0.3130911 168.4136 /T 11.4757 172.7/ 0.4178 n.a. n.a. 1.5620472 51.191443 -60.02321 2024-Nov-30 19:50 03 38 53.56 +20 12 58.4 99.655601 42.321228 n.a. n.a. 0.995533358962 -0.3157088 0.00956273131215 -0.3042629 168.4102 /T 11.4791 172.7/ 0.4093 n.a. n.a. 1.4634054 49.473058 -60.92633 2024-Nov-30 20:00 03 38 54.32 +20 13 07.8 101.620404 44.183139 n.a. n.a. 0.995532092847 -0.3156511 0.00956152948731 -0.2949458 168.4065 /T 11.4828 172.6/ 0.4008 n.a. n.a. 1.3678670 47.659675 -61.80685 2024-Nov-30 20:10 03 38 55.00 +20 13 16.9 103.672720 46.031851 n.a. n.a. 0.995530826963 -0.3155934 0.00956036598314 -0.2851573 168.4025 /T 11.4867 172.5/ 0.3924 n.a. n.a. 1.2755596 45.745477 -62.66274 2024-Nov-30 20:20 03 38 55.61 +20 13 25.6 105.825187 47.864298 n.a. n.a. 0.995529561311 -0.3155357 0.00955924265305 -0.2749162 168.3982 /T 11.4910 172.4/ 0.3841 n.a. n.a. 1.1865930 43.724739 -63.49179 2024-Nov-30 20:30 03 38 56.16 +20 13 34.0 108.092171 49.676972 n.a. n.a. 0.995528295890 -0.3154780 0.00955816127423 -0.2642417 168.3937 /T 11.4955 172.4/ 0.3758 n.a. n.a. 1.1010564 41.592004 -64.29165 2024-Nov-30 20:40 03 38 56.65 +20 13 42.1 110.490014 51.465835 n.a. n.a. 0.995527030700 -0.3154203 0.00955712354428 -0.2531541 168.3889 /T 11.5003 172.3/ 0.3677 n.a. n.a. 1.0190159 39.342313 -65.05980 2024-Nov-30 20:50 03 38 57.08 +20 13 49.8 113.037296 53.226202 n.a. n.a. 0.995525765742 -0.3153626 0.00955613107780 -0.2416747 168.3838 /T 11.5053 172.2/ 0.3596 n.a. n.a. 0.9405111 36.971483 -65.79366 2024-Nov-30 21:00 03 38 57.45 +20 13 57.2 115.755083 54.952609 n.a. n.a. 0.995524501015 -0.3153049 0.00955518540326 -0.2298251 168.3785 /T 11.5106 172.1/ 0.3516 n.a. n.a. 0.8655525 34.476461 -66.49054 2024-Nov-30 21:10 03 38 57.77 +20 14 04.1 118.667124 56.638657 n.a. n.a. 0.995523236520 -0.3152472 0.00955428796008 -0.2176280 168.3730 /T 11.5161 172.0/ 0.3437 n.a. n.a. 0.7941171 31.855738 -67.14777 2024-Nov-30 21:20 03 38 58.05 +20 14 10.7 121.799950 58.276825 n.a. n.a. 0.995521972257 -0.3151894 0.00955344009567 -0.2051066 168.3673 /T 11.5217 172.0/ 0.3359 n.a. n.a. 0.7261459 29.109822 -67.76276 2024-Nov-30 21:30 03 38 58.27 +20 14 16.8 125.182750 59.858267 n.a. n.a. 0.995520708225 -0.3151317 0.00955264306294 -0.1922849 168.3614 /T 11.5276 171.9/ 0.3283 n.a. n.a. 0.6615397 26.241772 -68.33317 2024-Nov-30 21:40 03 38 58.46 +20 14 22.6 128.846897 61.372593 n.a. n.a. 0.995519444425 -0.3150740 0.00955189801772 -0.1791872 168.3553 /T 11.5337 171.8/ 0.3208 n.a. n.a. 0.6001564 23.257764 -68.85710 2024-Nov-30 21:50 03 38 58.61 +20 14 27.9 132.824894 62.807653 n.a. n.a. 0.995518180856 -0.3150162 0.00955120601657 -0.1658387 168.3490 /T 11.5399 171.7/ 0.3134 n.a. n.a. 0.5418085 20.167702 -69.33333 2024-Nov-30 22:00 03 38 58.73 +20 14 32.7 137.148472 64.149368 n.a. n.a. 0.995516917519 -0.3149585 0.00955056801467 -0.1522648 168.3426 /T 11.5462 171.6/ 0.3062 n.a. n.a. 0.4862618 16.985848 -69.76177 2024-Nov-30 22:10 03 38 58.81 +20 14 37.2 141.845509 65.381666 n.a. n.a. 0.995515654414 -0.3149007 0.00954998486392 -0.1384916 168.3360 /T 11.5527 171.5/ 0.2991 n.a. n.a. 0.4332354 13.731544 -70.14401 2024-Nov-30 22:20 03 38 58.87 +20 14 41.1 146.935549 66.486606 n.a. n.a. 0.995514391541 -0.3148430 0.00954945731135 -0.1245453 168.3294 /T 11.5594 171.4/ 0.2922 n.a. n.a. 0.3824033 10.430185 -70.48424 2024-Nov-30 22:30 03 38 58.91 +20 14 44.7 152.423914 67.444816 n.a. n.a. 0.995513128899 -0.3147852 0.00954898599749 -0.1104527 168.3226 /T 11.5661 171.3/ 0.2854 n.a. n.a. 0.3333992 7.1148288 -70.79078 2024-Nov-30 22:40 03 38 58.93 +20 14 47.8 158.294994 68.236357 n.a. n.a. 0.995511866489 -0.3147274 0.00954857145530 -0.0962407 168.3157 /T 11.5729 171.2/ 0.2788 n.a. n.a. 0.2858212 3.8295151 -71.07883 2024-Nov-30 22:50 03 38 58.94 +20 14 50.4 164.506142 68.842066 n.a. n.a. 0.995510604311 -0.3146696 0.00954821410895 -0.0819366 168.3087 /T 11.5798 171.1/ 0.2724 n.a. n.a. 0.2392415 0.6369232 -71.37604 2024-Nov-30 23:00 03 38 58.94 +20 14 52.5 170.984424 69.245331 n.a. n.a. 0.995509342364 -0.3146119 0.00954791427309 -0.0675677 168.3017 /T 11.5867 171.0/ 0.2662 n.a. n.a. 0.1932170 357.63824 -71.73506 2024-Nov-30 23:10 03 38 58.93 +20 14 54.2 177.628662 69.434019 n.a. n.a. 0.995508080650 -0.3145541 0.00954767215221 -0.0531617 168.2947 /T 11.5937 170.9/ 0.2602 n.a. n.a. 0.1473045 355.03305 -72.26620 2024-Nov-30 23:20 t 03 38 58.92 +20 14 55.5 184.318059 69.402134 n.a. n.a. 0.995506819167 -0.3144963 0.00954748784020 -0.0387460 168.2876 /T 11.6007 170.8/ 0.2543 n.a. n.a. 0.1010926 353.35118 -73.24217 2024-Nov-30 23:30 03 38 58.91 +20 14 56.3 190.926191 69.150707 n.a. n.a. 0.995505557916 -0.3144385 0.00954736132022 -0.0243483 168.2805 /T 11.6078 170.7/ 0.2487 n.a. n.a. 0.0543413 354.91483 -75.55628 2024-Nov-30 23:40 03 38 58.91 +20 14 56.6 197.336670 68.687639 n.a. n.a. 0.995504296897 -0.3143807 0.00954729246471 -0.0099963 168.2734 /T 11.6148 170.6/ 0.2433 n.a. n.a. 0.0112318 44.683546 -82.61158 2024-Nov-30 23:50 03 38 58.93 +20 14 56.4 203.455873 68.026550 n.a. n.a. 0.995503036110 -0.3143229 0.00954728103560 0.0042827 168.2663 /T 11.6218 170.5/ 0.2380 n.a. n.a. 0.0462151 145.14026 38.765127 2024-Dec-01 00:00 03 38 58.95 +20 14 55.8 209.219666 67.184988 n.a. n.a. 0.995501775555 -0.3142650 0.00954732668489 0.0184612 168.2593 /T 11.6288 170.4/ 0.2330 n.a. n.a. 0.0976918 148.73714 58.588081 $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************