API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* JPL/HORIZONS 55P/Tempel-Tuttle 2024-May-02 04:10:29 Rec #:90000623 (+COV) Soln.date: 2002-Jan-03_16:05:39 # obs: 392 (1865-1998) IAU76/J2000 helio. ecliptic osc. elements (au, days, deg., period=Julian yrs): EPOCH= 2451040.5 ! 1998-Aug-15.0000000 (TDB) RMSW= n.a. EC= .9055527209724122 QR= .9764279154675056 TP= 2450872.5977341123 OM= 235.270989149082 W= 172.5002736828059 IN= 162.4865753794343 A= 10.33833822975773 MA= 4.978339684690188 ADIST= 19.70024854404794 PER= 33.241782758462 N= .029650223 ANGMOM= .023464539 DAN= 18.20692 DDN= .98041 L= 62.4267664 B= 2.2510269 MOID= .00848081 TP= 1998-Feb-28.0977341123 Comet physical (GM= km^3/s^2; RAD= km): GM= n.a. RAD= 1.8 M1= 10. M2= 16. k1= 25. k2= 10. PHCOF= n.a. Comet non-gravitational force model (AMRAT=m^2/kg;A1-A3=au/d^2;DT=days;R0=au): AMRAT= 0. DT= 0. A1= 1.580981463194E-9 A2= 9.186415933073E-11 A3= 0. Standard model: ALN= .1112620426 NK= 4.6142 NM= 2.15 NN= 5.093 R0= 2.808 COMET comments 1: soln ref.= JPL#J985/69, data arc: 1865-12-22 to 1998-07-05 2: k1=25.0, k2=10.0; ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Thu May 2 04:10:30 2024 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: 55P/Tempel-Tuttle {source: JPL#J985/69} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: GEOCENTRIC ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2031-Feb-22 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2031-Feb-28 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 30 steps ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : 1.8 km Center geodetic : 0.0, 0.0, -6378.137 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Sun Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Small-body perts: Yes {source: SB441-N16} Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian EOP file : eop.240501.p240725 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2024-MAY-01. PREDICTS-> 2024-JUL-24 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation (-90.0deg=NO ),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (NO ) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 0.0,180.0=NO ),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) ******************************************************************************* Initial IAU76/J2000 heliocentric ecliptic osculating elements (au, days, deg.): EPOCH= 2451040.5 ! 1998-Aug-15.0000000 (TDB) RMSW= n.a. EC= .9055527209724122 QR= .9764279154675056 TP= 2450872.5977341123 OM= 235.270989149082 W= 172.5002736828059 IN= 162.4865753794343 Equivalent ICRF heliocentric cartesian coordinates (au, au/d): X= 1.722008948564083E+00 Y=-1.306804387064573E+00 Z=-1.397143536382815E+00 VX= 8.841891235487663E-04 VY=-1.166410808784401E-02 VZ=-8.029643799443813E-03 Comet physical (GM= km^3/s^2; RAD= km): GM= n.a. RAD= 1.8 M1= 10. M2= 16. k1= 25. k2= 10. PHCOF= n.a. Comet non-gravitational force model (AMRAT=m^2/kg;A1-A3=au/d^2;DT=days;R0=au): AMRAT= 0. DT= 0. A1= 1.580981463194E-9 A2= 9.186415933073E-11 A3= 0. Standard model: ALN= .1112620426 NK= 4.6142 NM= 2.15 NN= 5.093 R0= 2.808 **************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN:SC.fff r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r **************************************************************************************************** $$SOE 2031-Feb-22 00:00:00.000 1.674580945710 -19.8151297 0.80018459116035 -8.7949151 138.5135 /L 2031-Feb-22 04:48:00.000 1.672292250780 -19.8114937 0.79919748310927 -8.2954327 138.2540 /L 2031-Feb-22 09:36:00.000 1.670003983445 -19.8077923 0.79826812446182 -7.7950882 137.9862 /L 2031-Feb-22 14:24:00.000 1.667716151267 -19.8040254 0.79739660796225 -7.2939991 137.7102 /T 2031-Feb-22 19:12:00.000 1.665428761869 -19.8001922 0.79658301271329 -6.7922840 137.4260 /T 2031-Feb-23 00:00:00.000 1.663141822924 -19.7962923 0.79582740405750 -6.2900625 137.1340 /T 2031-Feb-23 04:48:00.000 1.660855342165 -19.7923253 0.79512983347344 -5.7874551 136.8343 /T 2031-Feb-23 09:36:00.000 1.658569327380 -19.7882907 0.79449033848638 -5.2845827 136.5269 /T 2031-Feb-23 14:24:00.000 1.656283786412 -19.7841879 0.79390894259405 -4.7815673 136.2122 /T 2031-Feb-23 19:12:00.000 1.653998727163 -19.7800164 0.79338565520731 -4.2785308 135.8903 /T 2031-Feb-24 00:00:00.000 1.651714157593 -19.7757757 0.79292047160582 -3.7755958 135.5613 /T 2031-Feb-24 04:48:00.000 1.649430085718 -19.7714653 0.79251337290904 -3.2728850 135.2255 /T 2031-Feb-24 09:36:00.000 1.647146519615 -19.7670848 0.79216432606222 -2.7705210 134.8830 /T 2031-Feb-24 14:24:00.000 1.644863467416 -19.7626335 0.79187328383761 -2.2686266 134.5341 /T 2031-Feb-24 19:12:00.000 1.642580937317 -19.7581110 0.79164018485074 -1.7673240 134.1788 /T 2031-Feb-25 00:00:00.000 1.640298937570 -19.7535167 0.79146495359187 -1.2667355 133.8174 /T 2031-Feb-25 04:48:00.000 1.638017476488 -19.7488501 0.79134750047237 -0.7669827 133.4501 /T 2031-Feb-25 09:36:00.000 1.635736562445 -19.7441107 0.79128772188592 -0.2681866 133.0771 /T 2031-Feb-25 14:24:00.000 1.633456203876 -19.7392979 0.79128550028445 0.2295325 132.6985 /T 2031-Feb-25 19:12:00.000 1.631176409278 -19.7344111 0.79134070426877 0.7260551 132.3145 /T 2031-Feb-26 00:00:00.000 1.628897187208 -19.7294499 0.79145318869335 1.2212627 131.9254 /T 2031-Feb-26 04:48:00.000 1.626618546287 -19.7244137 0.79162279478529 1.7150379 131.5312 /T 2031-Feb-26 09:36:00.000 1.624340495198 -19.7193020 0.79184935027719 2.2072644 131.1323 /T 2031-Feb-26 14:24:00.000 1.622063042688 -19.7141141 0.79213266955352 2.6978274 130.7287 /T 2031-Feb-26 19:12:00.000 1.619786197568 -19.7088495 0.79247255381032 3.1866134 130.3207 /T 2031-Feb-27 00:00:00.000 1.617509968710 -19.7035077 0.79286879122766 3.6735106 129.9085 /T 2031-Feb-27 04:48:00.000 1.615234365056 -19.6980881 0.79332115715476 4.1584086 129.4921 /T 2031-Feb-27 09:36:00.000 1.612959395609 -19.6925900 0.79382941430719 4.6411991 129.0719 /T 2031-Feb-27 14:24:00.000 1.610685069439 -19.6870130 0.79439331297567 5.1217753 128.6479 /T 2031-Feb-27 19:12:00.000 1.608411395682 -19.6813564 0.79501259124633 5.6000327 128.2203 /T 2031-Feb-28 00:00:00.000 1.606138383541 -19.6756197 0.79568697523145 6.0758685 127.7893 /T $$EOE **************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ****************************************************************************************************