API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* Revised: Aug 26, 2026 Spektr-R Telescope (Spacecraft) -557 (Earth orbiting) http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n1107/18spektr/ BACKGROUND: Russian Earth-orbiting radio telescope funded by Russian Astro Space Center. It was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on July 18, 2011 at 02:31 UTC by a Zenit-3M launcher with Fregat-SB upper stage. MISSION OBJECTIVES: The primary scientific goal of Spektr-R over the planned 5-year mission is the study of astronomical objects at an angular resolution of a few millionths of an arcsecond. This is accomplished by using the satellite interferometrically in conjunction with ground-based observatories, including Arecibo and Greenbank. The primary targets are extragalactic. Characteristics of near-Earth and interplanetary plasma will also be studied. Wavelengths used are 1.35-6.0, 18.0 and 92.0 cm. PHYSICAL DATA: Mass : 3295 kg Diameter: 10 m SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORY: Perigee: ~ 10,000 km Apogee : ~390,000 km TRAJECTORY: The IKI (Russian Space Research Institute) provided an official trajectory for Nov 1-16 (2011). TLEs are used for other times, and are low-precision, especially during the following intervals which are extrapolations over data gaps: 2011: 2012: 2013: Jul 22 - Aug 04 Feb 26 - Apr 24 Jan 16 - Jun 02 Aug 12 - Oct 04 May 11 - May 29 Jul 04 - Jul 14 Dec 09 - Feb 17 (2012) Jun 12 - Aug 30 Oct 16 - Nov 02 Sep 08 - Jan 08 (2013) Dec 24 - Jan 10 Jan 19 - Feb 22 May 09 - May 27 Trajectory name Start Stop ------------------------------ ----------------- ----------------- TLEs 2011-Jun-18 06:09 2011-Nov-01 11:01 spectr_111101_111116_111102 2011-Nov-01 11:01 2011-Nov-16 01:07 TLEs 2011-Nov-16 01:07 Current ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Mon Sep 14 14:13:42 2026 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: Spektr-R Observatory (spacecraft) (-557) {source: spektr-r_MERGED} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: VdS Remote Observatory, Hakos ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2026-Sep-02 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2026-Sep-05 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 10 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : undefined Center geodetic : 16.3613, -23.2365766, 1.8515 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 16.3613,5865.52307,-2501.54567 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Earth Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian RTS-only print : NO EOP file : eop.260911.p261208 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2026-SEP-11. PREDICTS-> 2026-DEC-07 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation ( 0.0deg=YES),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (YES) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 12.0,180.0=YES),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC Azi____(a-app)___Elev APmag S-brt r rdot delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O T-O-M/MN_Illu% RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE 2026-Sep-02 00:00 m 05 29 53.60 -11 55 46.3 99.184638 8.954284 n.a. n.a. 1.009055500778 -2.5912796 0.00029693902668 3.1162754 80.3748 /L 99.6091 56.2/ 74.7349 n.a. n.a. 443.53012 86.757786 62.939013 2026-Sep-02 00:10 m 05 34 42.81 -11 51 16.1 98.634472 10.109187 n.a. n.a. 1.009045108458 -2.5856205 0.00030932203008 3.0417592 79.2077 /L 100.7756 57.1/ 74.6866 n.a. n.a. 407.53604 86.285173 63.390834 2026-Sep-02 00:20 m 05 39 08.82 -11 46 36.0 98.047235 11.352821 n.a. n.a. 1.009034743433 -2.5778472 0.00032141566118 2.9722572 78.1333 /L 101.8494 57.9/ 74.6390 n.a. n.a. 375.90545 85.841205 63.831660 2026-Sep-02 00:30 m 05 43 14.37 -11 41 49.9 97.427907 12.675468 n.a. n.a. 1.009024413124 -2.5684655 0.00033323915389 2.9073171 77.1407 /L 102.8414 58.7/ 74.5922 n.a. n.a. 347.90536 85.420078 64.264310 2026-Sep-02 00:40 m 05 47 01.74 -11 37 00.7 96.780270 14.068893 n.a. n.a. 1.009014123171 -2.5578630 0.00034481005222 2.8465496 76.2208 /L 103.7607 59.4/ 74.5461 n.a. n.a. 322.95654 85.016877 64.691052 2026-Sep-02 00:50 m 05 50 32.88 -11 32 10.3 96.107122 15.526040 n.a. n.a. 1.009003877842 -2.5463392 0.00035614444100 2.7896173 75.3658 /L 104.6151 60.1/ 74.5007 n.a. n.a. 300.59582 84.627387 65.113713 2026-Sep-02 01:00 m 05 53 49.44 -11 27 20.2 95.410448 17.040806 n.a. n.a. 1.008993680343 -2.5341273 0.00036725713914 2.7362272 74.5692 /L 105.4111 60.7/ 74.4559 n.a. n.a. 280.44889 84.247957 65.533746 2026-Sep-02 01:10 m 05 56 52.82 -11 22 31.6 94.691540 18.607856 n.a. n.a. 1.008983533048 -2.5214099 0.00037816186216 2.6861230 73.8254 /L 106.1544 61.2/ 74.4117 n.a. n.a. 262.21034 83.875389 65.952286 2026-Sep-02 01:20 m 05 59 44.25 -11 17 45.1 93.951087 20.222490 n.a. n.a. 1.008973437680 -2.5083305 0.00038887135885 2.6390795 73.1294 /L 106.8499 61.8/ 74.3680 n.a. n.a. 245.62878 83.506858 66.370196 2026-Sep-02 01:30 m 06 02 24.81 -11 13 01.3 93.189243 21.880523 n.a. n.a. 1.008963395448 -2.4950029 0.00039939752646 2.5948979 72.4770 /L 107.5017 62.3/ 74.3249 n.a. n.a. 230.49563 83.139847 66.788094 2026-Sep-02 01:40 m 06 04 55.42 -11 08 20.5 92.405665 23.578201 n.a. n.a. 1.008953407156 -2.4815171 0.00040975150822 2.5534017 71.8645 /L 108.1138 62.7/ 74.2822 n.a. n.a. 216.63657 82.772101 67.206382 2026-Sep-02 01:50 m 06 07 16.90 -11 03 43.0 91.599547 25.312126 n.a. n.a. 1.008943473283 -2.4679447 0.00041994377596 2.5144333 71.2886 /L 108.6892 63.2/ 74.2399 n.a. n.a. 203.90490 82.401589 67.625267 2026-Sep-02 02:00 m 06 09 29.99 -10 59 08.7 90.769622 27.079192 n.a. n.a. 1.008933594051 -2.4543429 0.00042998420019 2.4778508 70.7463 /L 109.2311 63.6/ 74.1979 n.a. n.a. 192.17643 82.026477 68.044780 2026-Sep-02 02:10 m 06 11 35.35 -10 54 37.9 89.914167 28.876533 n.a. n.a. 1.008923769479 -2.4407568 0.00043988210997 2.4435266 70.2350 /L 109.7419 64.0/ 74.1563 n.a. n.a. 181.34537 81.645104 68.464789 2026-Sep-02 02:20 m 06 13 33.54 -10 50 10.5 89.030980 30.701481 n.a. n.a. 1.008913999422 -2.4272228 0.00044964634377 2.4113443 69.7524 /L 110.2240 64.3/ 74.1150 n.a. n.a. 171.32114 81.255978 68.885014 2026-Sep-02 02:30 m 06 15 25.11 -10 45 46.3 88.117348 32.551524 n.a. n.a. 1.008904283607 -2.4137693 0.00045928529312 2.3811977 69.2965 /L 110.6795 64.6/ 74.0739 n.a. n.a. 162.02579 80.857756 69.305041 2026-Sep-02 02:40 m 06 17 10.51 -10 41 25.4 87.169997 34.424270 n.a. n.a. 1.008894621657 -2.4004192 0.00046880693976 2.3529892 68.8652 /L 111.1104 65.0/ 74.0330 n.a. n.a. 153.39189 80.449252 69.724337 2026-Sep-02 02:50 m 06 18 50.19 -10 37 07.7 86.185028 36.317413 n.a. n.a. 1.008885013115 -2.3871901 0.00047821888762 2.3266283 68.4569 /L 111.5182 65.2/ 73.9922 n.a. n.a. 145.36085 80.029432 70.142254 2026-Sep-02 03:00 m 06 20 24.55 -10 32 52.9 85.157826 38.228699 n.a. n.a. 1.008875457463 -2.3740959 0.00048752839005 2.3020309 68.0699 /L 111.9048 65.5/ 73.9514 n.a. n.a. 137.88154 79.597419 70.558052 2026-Sep-02 03:10 m 06 21 53.93 -10 28 41.0 84.082945 40.155893 n.a. n.a. 1.008865954132 -2.3611473 0.00049674237334 2.2791185 67.7029 /L 112.2713 65.8/ 73.9107 n.a. n.a. 130.90915 79.152504 70.970904 2026-Sep-02 03:20 m 06 23 18.67 -10 24 31.8 82.953964 42.096743 n.a. n.a. 1.008856502517 -2.3483523 0.00050586745668 2.2578168 67.3545 /L 112.6193 66.0/ 73.8700 n.a. n.a. 124.40420 78.694159 71.379912 2026-Sep-02 03:30 m 06 24 39.08 -10 20 25.2 81.763302 44.048940 n.a. n.a. 1.008847101983 -2.3357167 0.00051490996949 2.2380558 67.0235 /L 112.9499 66.2/ 73.8292 n.a. n.a. 118.33182 78.222044 71.784120 2026-Sep-02 03:40 m 06 25 55.44 -10 16 21.1 80.501986 46.010073 n.a. n.a. 1.008837751880 -2.3232447 0.00052387596602 2.2197686 66.7087 /L 113.2643 66.4/ 73.7883 n.a. n.a. 112.66103 77.736033 72.182525 2026-Sep-02 03:50 Am 06 27 08.01 -10 12 19.3 79.159348 47.977576 n.a. n.a. 1.008828451539 -2.3109391 0.00053277123802 2.2028914 66.4091 /L 113.5635 66.6/ 73.7472 n.a. n.a. 107.36422 77.236224 72.574094 2026-Sep-02 04:00 Am 06 28 17.05 -10 08 19.7 77.722660 49.948661 n.a. n.a. 1.008819200287 -2.2988014 0.00054160132558 2.1873627 66.1237 /L 113.8485 66.8/ 73.7058 n.a. n.a. 102.41665 76.722961 72.957777 2026-Sep-02 04:10 Am 06 29 22.77 -10 04 22.2 76.176644 51.920239 n.a. n.a. 1.008809997445 -2.2868323 0.00055037152625 2.1731234 65.8515 /L 114.1203 67.0/ 73.6642 n.a. n.a. 97.796062 76.196854 73.332517 2026-Sep-02 04:20 Nm 06 30 25.40 -10 00 26.6 74.502873 53.888816 n.a. n.a. 1.008800842332 -2.2750315 0.00055908690307 2.1601159 65.5918 /L 114.3796 67.1/ 73.6223 n.a. n.a. 93.482351 75.658796 73.697267 2026-Sep-02 04:30 Nm 06 31 25.13 -09 56 32.9 72.678992 55.850356 n.a. n.a. 1.008791734272 -2.2633983 0.00056775229116 2.1482842 65.3437 /L 114.6273 67.3/ 73.5800 n.a. n.a. 89.457245 75.109977 74.051002 2026-Sep-02 04:40 Nm 06 32 22.15 -09 52 41.0 70.677731 57.800113 n.a. n.a. 1.008782672592 -2.2519313 0.00057637230364 2.1375739 65.1064 /L 114.8642 67.4/ 73.5372 n.a. n.a. 85.704076 74.551900 74.392729 2026-Sep-02 04:50 Cm 06 33 16.65 -09 48 50.7 68.465668 59.732388 n.a. n.a. 1.008773656623 -2.2406290 0.00058495133652 2.1279313 64.8793 /L 115.0910 67.5/ 73.4940 n.a. n.a. 82.207553 73.986389 74.721500 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2026-Sep-03 01:50 m 07 47 21.73 -05 18 41.0 95.366519 1.125049 n.a. n.a. 1.007869620143 -1.4777658 0.00142193925526 0.7310710 46.6620 /L 133.2792 71.1/ 63.7326 n.a. n.a. 24.272481 80.427490 60.287083 2026-Sep-03 02:00 m 07 47 37.31 -05 17 59.8 94.400075 3.356245 n.a. n.a. 1.007863692561 -1.4741810 0.00142487649101 0.7263100 46.6021 /L 133.3390 71.1/ 63.6840 n.a. n.a. 23.112181 79.967178 61.272890 2026-Sep-03 02:10 m 07 47 52.11 -05 17 18.6 93.436868 5.593374 n.a. n.a. 1.007857779306 -1.4706147 0.00142779614617 0.7223333 46.5454 /L 133.3957 71.1/ 63.6359 n.a. n.a. 21.962945 79.451763 62.310185 2026-Sep-03 02:20 m 07 48 06.13 -05 16 37.6 92.473982 7.835768 n.a. n.a. 1.007851880304 -1.4670669 0.00143070137039 0.7191426 46.4918 /L 133.4493 71.1/ 63.5885 n.a. n.a. 20.826797 78.873981 63.395455 2026-Sep-03 02:30 m 07 48 19.38 -05 15 56.5 91.508448 10.082759 n.a. n.a. 1.007845995482 -1.4635371 0.00143359531673 0.7167380 46.4412 /L 133.4998 71.1/ 63.5416 n.a. n.a. 19.705825 78.225354 64.524318 2026-Sep-03 02:40 m 07 48 31.87 -05 15 15.5 90.537210 12.333670 n.a. n.a. 1.007840124769 -1.4600253 0.00143648113591 0.7151181 46.3936 /L 133.5473 71.1/ 63.4952 n.a. n.a. 18.602181 77.495959 65.691506 2026-Sep-03 02:50 m 07 48 43.61 -05 14 34.3 89.557087 14.587809 n.a. n.a. 1.007834268092 -1.4565313 0.00143936197035 0.7142803 46.3491 /L 133.5918 71.1/ 63.4493 n.a. n.a. 17.518098 76.674145 66.890868 2026-Sep-03 03:00 m 07 48 54.61 -05 13 53.1 88.564730 16.844462 n.a. n.a. 1.007828425381 -1.4530547 0.00144224094824 0.7142201 46.3075 /L 133.6333 71.1/ 63.4037 n.a. n.a. 16.455900 75.746199 68.115397 2026-Sep-03 03:10 m 07 49 04.88 -05 13 11.8 87.556578 19.102880 n.a. n.a. 1.007822596567 -1.4495955 0.00144512117752 0.7149318 46.2687 /L 133.6719 71.1/ 63.3585 n.a. n.a. 15.418021 74.695939 69.357283 2026-Sep-03 03:20 m 07 49 14.44 -05 12 30.2 86.528803 21.362271 n.a. n.a. 1.007816781581 -1.4461534 0.00144800573990 0.7164080 46.2329 /L 133.7078 71.0/ 63.3136 n.a. n.a. 14.407029 73.504243 70.607989 2026-Sep-03 03:30 m 07 49 23.30 -05 11 48.5 85.477253 23.621788 n.a. n.a. 1.007810980354 -1.4427283 0.00145089768476 0.7186401 46.1997 /L 133.7408 71.0/ 63.2688 n.a. n.a. 13.425655 72.148512 71.858347 2026-Sep-03 03:40 m 07 49 31.47 -05 11 06.5 84.397377 25.880516 n.a. n.a. 1.007805192820 -1.4393199 0.00145380002301 0.7216175 46.1693 /L 133.7711 71.0/ 63.2243 n.a. n.a. 12.476830 70.602063 73.098665 2026-Sep-03 03:50 Am 07 49 38.98 -05 10 24.3 83.284147 28.137455 n.a. n.a. 1.007799418911 -1.4359281 0.00145671572116 0.7253286 46.1416 /L 133.7988 71.0/ 63.1798 n.a. n.a. 11.563730 68.833523 74.318842 2026-Sep-03 04:00 Am 07 49 45.83 -05 09 41.7 82.131960 30.391503 n.a. n.a. 1.007793658563 -1.4325526 0.00145964769520 0.7297599 46.1164 /L 133.8239 70.9/ 63.1354 n.a. n.a. 10.689832 66.806278 75.508476 2026-Sep-03 04:10 Am 07 49 52.05 -05 08 58.8 80.934518 32.641433 n.a. n.a. 1.007787911709 -1.4291933 0.00146259880461 0.7348967 46.0937 /L 133.8465 70.9/ 63.0910 n.a. n.a. 9.8589726 64.478166 76.656964 2026-Sep-03 04:20 Nm 07 49 57.67 -05 08 15.5 79.684695 34.885864 n.a. n.a. 1.007782178286 -1.4258501 0.00146557184649 0.7407226 46.0734 /L 133.8667 70.9/ 63.0465 n.a. n.a. 9.0754135 61.801710 77.753604 2026-Sep-03 04:30 Nm 07 50 02.69 -05 07 31.9 78.374364 37.123233 n.a. n.a. 1.007776458229 -1.4225226 0.00146856954961 0.7472198 46.0554 /L 133.8846 70.8/ 63.0018 n.a. n.a. 8.3438910 58.725395 78.787679 2026-Sep-03 04:40 Nm 07 50 07.14 -05 06 47.8 76.994198 39.351746 n.a. n.a. 1.007770751477 -1.4192109 0.00147159456873 0.7543694 46.0396 /L 133.9002 70.8/ 62.9570 n.a. n.a. 7.6696340 55.196747 79.748590 2026-Sep-03 04:50 Cm 07 50 11.05 -05 06 03.2 75.533420 41.569336 n.a. n.a. 1.007765057966 -1.4159146 0.00147464947885 0.7621505 46.0260 /L 133.9137 70.8/ 62.9120 n.a. n.a. 7.0583051 51.168231 80.626050 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< 2026-Sep-04 02:10 r 08 15 02.60 -03 20 45.1 93.940320 -0.493394 n.a. n.a. 1.007129114465 -1.0811228 0.00193396819866 0.2236597 40.2747 /L 139.6542 63.6/ 52.3016 n.a. n.a. 13.994533 78.840026 34.355797 2026-Sep-04 02:20 m 08 15 11.51 -03 20 17.1 92.960257 1.768802 n.a. n.a. 1.007124775104 -1.0789725 0.00193486616795 0.2207570 40.2424 /L 139.6865 63.5/ 52.2488 n.a. n.a. 13.200165 78.164309 35.564190 2026-Sep-04 02:30 m 08 15 19.87 -03 19 49.0 91.982736 4.035082 n.a. n.a. 1.007120444372 -1.0768272 0.00193575402851 0.2186437 40.2122 /L 139.7166 63.5/ 52.1967 n.a. n.a. 12.409794 77.394643 36.976082 2026-Sep-04 02:40 m 08 15 27.70 -03 19 21.0 91.004695 6.304773 n.a. n.a. 1.007116122250 -1.0746868 0.00193663494926 0.2173210 40.1843 /L 139.7446 63.5/ 52.1455 n.a. n.a. 11.625297 76.514277 38.606881 2026-Sep-04 02:50 m 08 15 34.99 -03 18 53.0 90.023030 8.577200 n.a. n.a. 1.007111808717 -1.0725512 0.00193751210099 0.2167886 40.1584 /L 139.7705 63.5/ 52.0950 n.a. n.a. 10.848670 75.502470 40.469830 2026-Sep-04 03:00 m 08 15 41.75 -03 18 24.9 89.034556 10.851677 n.a. n.a. 1.007107503756 -1.0704205 0.00193838865026 0.2170448 40.1347 /L 139.7942 63.4/ 52.0452 n.a. n.a. 10.082063 74.333317 42.574241 2026-Sep-04 03:10 m 08 15 47.98 -03 17 56.7 88.035970 13.127497 n.a. n.a. 1.007103207346 -1.0682945 0.00193926775352 0.2180862 40.1131 /L 139.8158 63.4/ 51.9961 n.a. n.a. 9.3278289 72.974180 44.923201 2026-Sep-04 03:20 m 08 15 53.68 -03 17 28.5 87.023803 15.403927 n.a. n.a. 1.007098919469 -1.0661733 0.00194015255096 0.2199081 40.0936 /L 139.8353 63.4/ 51.9476 n.a. n.a. 8.5885837 71.383569 47.510840 2026-Sep-04 03:30 m 08 15 58.87 -03 17 00.1 85.994380 17.680191 n.a. n.a. 1.007094640105 -1.0640568 0.00194104616038 0.2225041 40.0762 /L 139.8527 63.3/ 51.8995 n.a. n.a. 7.8673061 69.508311 50.319367 2026-Sep-04 03:40 m 08 16 03.54 -03 16 31.6 84.943765 19.955468 n.a. n.a. 1.007090369237 -1.0619450 0.00194195167121 0.2258663 40.0608 /L 139.8681 63.3/ 51.8520 n.a. n.a. 7.1674697 67.279791 53.316278 2026-Sep-04 03:50 Am 08 16 07.72 -03 16 03.0 83.867698 22.228871 n.a. n.a. 1.007086106846 -1.0598378 0.00194287213823 0.2299854 40.0474 /L 139.8815 63.3/ 51.8049 n.a. n.a. 6.4932377 64.609112 56.452301 2026-Sep-04 04:00 Am 08 16 11.40 -03 15 34.3 82.761533 24.499438 n.a. n.a. 1.007081852912 -1.0577352 0.00194381057556 0.2348505 40.0359 /L 139.8930 63.2/ 51.7581 n.a. n.a. 5.8497390 61.381285 59.660666 2026-Sep-04 04:10 Am 08 16 14.60 -03 15 05.4 81.620152 26.766112 n.a. n.a. 1.007077607418 -1.0556372 0.00194476995061 0.2404491 40.0264 /L 139.9025 63.2/ 51.7116 n.a. n.a. 5.2434523 57.449330 62.858092 2026-Sep-04 04:20 Nm 08 16 17.33 -03 14 36.2 80.437876 29.027722 n.a. n.a. 1.007073370346 -1.0535437 0.00194575317797 0.2467673 40.0187 /L 139.9101 63.1/ 51.6654 n.a. n.a. 4.6827100 52.631285 65.947520 2026-Sep-04 04:30 Nm 08 16 19.60 -03 14 06.9 79.208353 31.282961 n.a. n.a. 1.007069141678 -1.0514548 0.00194676311342 0.2537898 40.0129 /L 139.9159 63.1/ 51.6193 n.a. n.a. 4.1782677 46.717645 68.822351 2026-Sep-04 04:40 Cm 08 16 21.42 -03 13 37.4 77.924430 33.530354 n.a. n.a. 1.007064921395 -1.0493703 0.00194780254810 0.2614997 40.0089 /L 139.9199 63.0/ 51.5733 n.a. n.a. 3.7437052 39.504690 71.372321 2026-Sep-04 04:50 Cm 08 16 22.80 -03 13 07.6 76.577999 35.768226 n.a. n.a. 1.007060709480 -1.0472903 0.00194887420264 0.2698786 40.0065 /L 139.9222 63.0/ 51.5274 n.a. n.a. 3.3950438 30.875981 73.492627 >..... Daylight Cut-off Requested .....< >..... Elevation Cut-off Requested .....< $$EOE *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence condition code: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE WITH TARGET RISE/TRANSIT/SET EVENT MARKER (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence code column is immediately followed by another marker: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric The lunar presence marker (an ongoing state) can be over-ridden by a target event marker if an event has occurred since the last output step: 'r' Rise (target body on or went above cut-off RTS elevation) 'e' Elevation max (target body maximum elevation angle has occurred) 't' Transit (target body at or passed through observer meridian) 's' Set (target body on or went below cut-off RTS elevation) RTS MARKERS (TVH) Rise and set are with respect to the reference ellipsoid true visual horizon defined by the elevation cut-off angle. Horizon dip and yellow-light refraction (Earth only) are considered. Accuracy is < or = to twice the requested search step-size. 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'Azi____(a-app)___Elev' = Airless apparent azimuth and elevation of target center. Compensated for light-time, the gravitational deflection of light, stellar aberration, precession and nutation. Azimuth is measured clockwise from north: North(0) -> East(90) -> South(180) -> West(270) -> North (360) Elevation angle is with respect to a plane perpendicular to the reference surface local zenith direction. TOPOCENTRIC ONLY. Units: DEGREES 'APmag S-brt' = The targets' approximate apparent visual magnitude and surface brightness. For planets and natural satellites, output is restricted to solar phase angles covered by observational data. Outside the observed phase angle range, "n.a." may be output to avoid extrapolation beyond the limit of model validity. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'T-O-M/MN_Illu%' = Target-Observer-Moon LUNAR ELONGATION angle and illuminated percentage. The apparent lunar elongation angle between target body center and Moon center, seen from the observing site, along with fraction of the lunar disk illuminated by the Sun. A negative lunar elongation angle indicates the target center is behind the Moon. Units: DEGREES & PERCENT 'RA_3sigma DEC_3sigma' = Uncertainty in Right-Ascension and Declination. Output values are the formal +/- 3 standard-deviations (sigmas) around nominal position. Units: ARCSECONDS 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Inquiries : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************