API VERSION: 1.2 API SOURCE: NASA/JPL Horizons API ******************************************************************************* JPL/HORIZONS 96P/Machholz 1 2025-Dec-12 17:56:06 Rec #:90000928 (+COV) Soln.date: 2025-Feb-20_21:30:21 # obs: 669 (2012-2024) IAU76/J2000 helio. ecliptic osc. elements (au, days, deg., period=Julian yrs): EPOCH= 2457961.5 ! 2017-Jul-27.0000000 (TDB) RMSW= n.a. EC= .9591608428638698 QR= .1239496432868665 TP= 2458054.4607817526 OM= 94.25472309284206 W= 14.7928448266822 IN= 58.13790031260349 A= 3.035068595409598 MA= 342.6718948496583 ADIST= 5.946187547532331 PER= 5.2876289140118 N= .186402317 ANGMOM= .008476940000000001 DAN= .12599 DDN= 3.34347 L= 102.1906423 B= 12.5242564 MOID= .333056 TP= 2017-Oct-27.9607817526 Comet physical (GM= km^3/s^2; RAD= km): GM= n.a. RAD= 3.2 M1= 13.7 M2= 16.9 k1= 8.75 k2= 5. PHCOF= .030 Comet non-gravitational force model (AMRAT=m^2/kg;A1-A3=au/d^2;DT=days;R0=au): AMRAT= 0. DT= 0. A1= 2.654248476028E-10 A2= -2.427490544505E-12 A3= 1.031526271254E-10 Standard model: ALN= .1112620426 NK= 4.6142 NM= 2.15 NN= 5.093 R0= 2.808 COMET comments 1: soln ref.= JPL#K233/8, data arc: 2012-04-20 to 2024-07-14 2: k1=8.75, k2=5., phase coef.=0.03; ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / API_USER Fri Dec 12 17:56:06 2025 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: 96P/Machholz 1 {source: JPL#K233/8} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: GEOCENTRIC ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2028-May-10 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2028-May-14 00:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 180 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : undefined Target radii : 3.2 km Center geodetic : 0.0, 0.0, -6378.137 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.137, 6378.137, 6356.752 km {Equator_a, b, pole_c} Target primary : Sun Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Small-body perts: Yes {source: SB441-N16} Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL Calendar mode : Mixed Julian/Gregorian EOP file : eop.251212.p260310 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2025-DEC-12. PREDICTS-> 2026-MAR-09 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation (-90.0deg=NO ),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (NO ) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 0.0,180.0=NO ),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) ******************************************************************************* Initial IAU76/J2000 heliocentric ecliptic osculating elements (au, days, deg.): EPOCH= 2457961.5 ! 2017-Jul-27.0000000 (TDB) RMSW= n.a. EC= .9591608428638698 QR= .1239496432868665 TP= 2458054.4607817526 OM= 94.25472309284206 W= 14.7928448266822 IN= 58.13790031260349 Equivalent ICRF heliocentric cartesian coordinates (au, au/d): X= 7.614247029235972E-01 Y=-9.421135447022843E-01 Z=-1.547500073887213E+00 VX=-3.700352296041176E-03 VY= 1.024940819578479E-02 VZ= 9.214555652895189E-03 Comet physical (GM= km^3/s^2; RAD= km): GM= n.a. RAD= 3.2 M1= 13.7 M2= 16.9 k1= 8.75 k2= 5. PHCOF= .030 Comet non-gravitational force model (AMRAT=m^2/kg;A1-A3=au/d^2;DT=days;R0=au): AMRAT= 0. DT= 0. A1= 2.654248476028E-10 A2= -2.427490544505E-12 A3= 1.031526271254E-10 Standard model: ALN= .1112620426 NK= 4.6142 NM= 2.15 NN= 5.093 R0= 2.808 ******************************************************************************* Date__(UT)__HR:MN r rdot VmagSn VmagOb *************************************************************************** $$SOE 2028-May-10 00:00 0.153930072321 -52.0706355 105.9886973 124.8872920 2028-May-10 03:00 0.150219328354 -50.6935954 107.3234828 125.8720235 2028-May-10 06:00 0.146614251843 -49.1404629 108.6680766 126.8424721 2028-May-10 09:00 0.143128116045 -47.3957015 110.0159265 127.7904346 2028-May-10 12:00 0.139775316758 -45.4438396 111.3591208 128.7063742 2028-May-10 15:00 0.136571348902 -43.2700166 112.6882694 129.5793566 2028-May-10 18:00 0.133532738103 -40.8606855 113.9924225 130.3970355 2028-May-10 21:00 0.130676915724 -38.2044769 115.2590467 131.1457124 2028-May-11 00:00 0.128022025949 -35.2932125 116.4740854 131.8104925 2028-May-11 03:00 0.125586655327 -32.1230311 117.6221275 132.3755605 2028-May-11 06:00 0.123389478954 -28.6955563 118.6867084 132.8245941 2028-May-11 09:00 0.121448823759 -25.0190036 119.6507592 133.1413218 2028-May-11 12:00 0.119782158130 -21.1090878 120.4972054 133.3102157 2028-May-11 15:00 0.118405527736 -16.9895771 121.2096965 133.3172868 2028-May-11 18:00 0.117332968765 -12.6923402 121.7734228 133.1509272 2028-May-11 21:00 0.116575939641 -8.2567706 122.1759535 132.8027191 2028-May-12 00:00 0.116142818380 -3.7285423 122.4080109 132.2681211 2028-May-12 03:00 0.116038512722 0.8422534 122.4640883 131.5469394 2028-May-12 06:00 0.116264222885 5.4034390 122.3428346 130.6435160 2028-May-12 09:00 0.116817382481 9.9033094 122.0471497 129.5665947 2028-May-12 12:00 0.117691784136 14.2931398 121.5839801 128.3288774 2028-May-12 15:00 0.118877876022 18.5293689 120.9638409 126.9463194 2028-May-12 18:00 0.120363197850 22.5752486 120.2001303 125.4372521 2028-May-12 21:00 0.122132912998 26.4018442 119.3083220 123.8214307 2028-May-13 00:00 0.124170388787 29.9883721 118.3051253 122.1191065 2028-May-13 03:00 0.126457779378 33.3219517 117.2076933 120.3502015 2028-May-13 06:00 0.128976573465 36.3969033 116.0329378 118.5336366 2028-May-13 09:00 0.131708079658 39.2137495 114.7969840 116.6868384 2028-May-13 12:00 0.134633833659 41.7780720 113.5147765 114.8254217 2028-May-13 15:00 0.137735921503 44.0993481 112.1998289 112.9630289 2028-May-13 18:00 0.140997220928 46.1898597 110.8640980 111.1112998 2028-May-13 21:00 0.144401568370 48.0637313 109.5179568 109.2799373 2028-May-14 00:00 0.147933862022 49.7361248 108.1702424 107.4768393 $$EOE ******************************************************************************* Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. CALENDAR SYSTEM Mixed calendar mode was active such that calendar dates after AD 1582-Oct-15 (if any) are in the modern Gregorian system. Dates prior to 1582-Oct-5 (if any) are in the Julian calendar system, which is automatically extended for dates prior to its adoption on 45-Jan-1 BC. The Julian calendar is useful for matching historical dates. The Gregorian calendar more accurately corresponds to the Earth's orbital motion and seasons. A "Gregorian-only" calendar mode is available if such physical events are the primary interest. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. 'r rdot' = The Sun's apparent range ("r", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("rdot") relative to the target center, as seen by the observer. A positive "rdot" means the target center was moving away from the Sun, negative means moving toward the Sun. Units: AU and KM/S 'VmagSn VmagOb' = Magnitude of target centers' velocity with respect to the Sun ("VmagSn") and the observer ("VmagOb") at the time light left the target center to be observed (print time minus down-leg light-time). These are absolute values of the velocity vectors (total speeds) and do NOT indicate direction of motion. Units: KM/S Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/horizons_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov *******************************************************************************