+ View the NASA Portal + Near-Earth Object (NEO) Program Search JPL JPL Small-Body Database Browser Search: [ help ]   88P/Howell Classification: Jupiter-family Comet          SPK-ID: 1000046 [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] [ show orbit diagram ] alternate orbits: [epoch=2013-03-13.0] K084/16 (default) [epoch=1993-02-22.0] SAO/1993 [epoch=1987-03-26.0] SAO/1987 [epoch=1981-04-26.0] J937/7 [epoch=1955-10-20.0] SAO/1955 Orbital Elements at Epoch 2456364.5 (2013-Mar-13.0) TDB Reference: JPL K084/16 (heliocentric ecliptic J2000)  Element Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)   Units  e .5621728210580396 9.5795e-08   a 3.109827547585475 1.3392e-07 AU q 1.361567022155344 3.2179e-07 AU i 4.382363483125017 1.1753e-05 deg node 56.73856305906231 0.0001403 deg peri 235.8430797558576 0.00014087 deg M 224.359802340317 1.7717e-05 deg tp 2457119.225110319339 (2015-Apr-06.72511032) 0.00014334 JED period 2003.101177990403 5.48 0.00012939 3.543e-07 d yr n .1797213260895625 1.1609e-08 deg/d Q 4.858088073015607 2.0921e-07 AU Additional Model Parameters  Parameter Value Uncertainty (1-sigma)  A1 [EST] 6.052271507679459E-9 3.721E-11 A2 [EST] -2.020677351207757E-10 9.629E-12 A3 [EST] 9.417156838589509E-10 4.123E-11 DT [EST] -18.03195187991944 .5339   Orbit Determination Parameters    # obs. used (total)      1533      data-arc span      6912 days (18.92 yr)      first obs. used      1992-03-05      last obs. used      2011-02-06      planetary ephem.      DE405      SB-pert. ephem.      SB405-CPV-2      condition code      0      fit RMS      .91033      data source      ORB      producer      Ryan S. Park      solution date      2013-Mar-03 19:26:07   Additional Information  Earth MOID = .351702 AU   T_jup = 2.948  [ show covariance matrix ] [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] Physical Parameter Table Parameter Symbol Value Units Sigma Reference Notes comet total magnitude M1 12.1 mag 1. K084/16 2 parameter fit from 448 observations, autocmod 2.5b comet total magnitude slope K1 10.   n/a K084/16 autocmod 2.5b diameter diameter 4.4 km n/a Scotti,J (1994) BAAS 26:1375   88P/Howell          Discovered 1981-Aug-29 by Howell, Ellen at Palomar Mountain Observatory, California (675) discovered on plate/photo taken on discovery date as well as 8/30 Reference: comet.dis Last Updated: 2003-08-29 [ hide close-approach data ] Close-Approach Data   ...sorted by Date/Time (TDB) Date/Time (TDB) Time Uncertainty (days_HH:MM) Body Nominal Distance (AU) Minimum Distance (AU) Maximum Distance (AU) V-relative (km/s) V-infinity (km/s) JD (TDB) Time Uncertainty (minutes) Semi-major axis (km) Semi-minor axis (km) range-LOV angle (deg) N-sigma BP Orbit Ref. Reference Modified 1907-Jan-20 20:22 00:16 Jupiter 0.193146728077877 0.193104332201511 0.19318913527337 4.49215903141626 3.37768043522231 2417596.348903914 16.3150325137853 228.389097165233 14.3339013518909 -50.5876532781412 112648.248169317 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 1978-Oct-13 23:04 00:02 Jupiter 0.581910581410143 0.581896072705513 0.581925089994811 4.87056979265359 4.56193735883505 2443795.461715819 2.73415461510183 86.9928021764496 16.3243274962753 -25.2300729922454 195771.480884709 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 1990-Aug-22 13:57 00:01 Jupiter 0.527493699190416 0.527486601009513 0.527500797347433 4.80438560596357 4.45764767980335 2448126.081309495 1.89364016853759 34.6779515315893 17.1518548320097 -25.4147696667767 226428.162745169 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 2002-Jun-08 23:56 < 00:01 Jupiter 1.87706093735685 1.87705573821619 1.87706613648979 9.51115696767716 9.46359382871199 2452434.497819366 0.243903271317588 56.669194282423 25.4789185284996 -7.42765115356557 806833.753498777 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 2031-Sep-11 22:49 00:07 Mars 0.0750832254824004 0.0750744225101492 0.0750920315267375 6.37067873240053 6.37008018665913 2463121.451158977 7.63678441956347 652.762299568169 87.4525093734635 -62.7834294710818 89997.8446018347 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 2061-May-12 13:28 00:04 Jupiter 0.70063999938725 0.700585164187165 0.700694832224724 5.26207110665766 5.0270805194614 2473957.061385673 4.47218494962346 362.289204717553 23.3673149700181 -18.2954297561728 123515.71123075 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 2073-Apr-18 15:10 00:05 Jupiter 0.482442330589398 0.482431579705523 0.482453081560822 4.47140887184963 4.05981568132924 2478316.132451126 5.14811718751236 55.3989506863019 21.0757912114947 -41.7029423696783 182705.55855026 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 2145-Mar-27 04:38 00:11 Jupiter 0.559216652698279 0.558937748986597 0.559495476755105 5.02187191937836 4.71061350287008 2504590.693600031 11.3798247839189 1595.23659461162 69.838888088594 -14.4554680995303 24528.1159820086 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 2157-Feb-11 05:26 00:22 Jupiter 0.618451918315473 0.61813025068075 0.618773510859813 5.30510369506471 5.0403328265848 2508929.726750461 22.2704931954858 2001.35635623417 71.781044604619 -19.1745554691936 36847.141213058 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 2170-Jul-25 14:08 04:11 Earth 0.352304748080237 0.35202958373706 0.352581708223945 3.38280273572637 3.38056627760648 2513842.089308453 251.307995092302 15482.0958186893 75.0520744086946 46.0994508923621 146904.882227259 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 2181-Jul-27 05:23 03:30 Earth 0.335535377887832 0.335442789524343 0.335629816071158 3.46600275777554 3.46371089430358 2517861.724932972 210.241723439838 12410.7068530619 89.1943362375975 64.0993556992721 150291.01900364 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 2192-Aug-03 03:49 04:23 Earth 0.380645396546623 0.380046661462983 0.381244576332421 3.46501625569959 3.46299550307446 2521886.659140470 263.273008990178 18358.6067469283 156.742324930526 -31.8248457491244 56850.6304421486 T K084/16 CATAB v2.0c-linF95 2013-Mar-03 19:33:38 2013-Mar-03 19:34 Alternate Designations  Perihelion  Year (est.)  New-Style  Desig Roman  Numeral  Year/  Letter   1993.3       1993 II   1992c   1987.8   88P/1987 E1   1987 VI   1987h   1982.4   88P/1981 Q1   1981 X   1981k  [ Ephemeris | Orbit Diagram | Orbital Elements | Physical Parameters | Discovery Circumstances | Close-Approach Data ] 2013-May-25 20:10 UT (server date/time)   Site Manager:   Donald K. Yeomans Webmaster:   Alan B. Chamberlin